Transcript Jeopardy Bio Basis of Human Behavior

The Neuron
Neuron II
Brain Parts
The Nervous
System
The Endocrine
System
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Parts
Neuron I
Neuron II
Brain Parts
The Nervous
System
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The Endocrine
System
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Parts
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Covering of the axon
that speeds up neural
impulses
Myelin Sheath
Type of neuron that
takes messages to the
central nervous
system
Sensory/Afferent
Type of neuron that
processes information
in the brain and spinal
cord (CNS)
Interneuron
Location of
receptor sites
Dendrites
Part of the neuron that
contains
neurotransmitters
Terminal
buttons/presynaptic
buttons
Phase of a neuron
when it is polarized
and ready to fire
Resting potential
Period where neuron
is recharging and
cannot release
another action
potential
Refractory Period
Type and location of
ions when a neuron
is ready to fire
Sodium (NA+) is
outside of axon;
Potassium (K+) is
inside of axon
Type of cell that holds
neurons in place, provide
nourishment, and removes
waste products; Also prevents
harmful substances from
passing the blood-brain
barrier
Glial cells
Describe what happens
electrochemically when a
neuron fires (action potential)
Neuron becomes depolarized as
NA+ ions flow into the neuron
(happens step by step down
neuron); K+ ions flow out of the
neuron; Sodium-Potassium
pump replaces ions in their
“correct” spot
Sensory relay station
(receives all sensory
stimuli minus smell)
Thalamus
Life-support center:
breathing, heart rate
Medulla
Helps us respond to
situations based on
our level of arousal;
Alerts higher parts of
the brain
Reticular Formation (also
called Reticular
Activating System)
“Little brain”; Balance,
coordination, implicit
procedural memories,
judgment of time
Cerebellum
Registers and
processes touch,
taste, pain, and skin
temperature
Sensory Cortex (in
parietal lobe)
Components of the
central nervous system
Brain and spinal
cord
Division of the NS that
transmits commands for
voluntary movement
from the CNS to the
muscles
Somatic NS
Part of the autonomic
nervous system that calms
the body down
Parasympathetic NS
List the changes
that occur in the
body when the
sympathetic NS is
activated
Pupils dilate, heart beat
accelerates, lungs constrict,
digestion systems inhibit
digestion, adrenal gland
releases adrenaline and
noradrenaline (epinephrine
and norepinephrine)
Term used to describe
systems that work in
opposition to each other
(like the autonomic NS)
Opponent Process
The endocrine system
releases these into the
blood stream
Hormones
How are hormones
different than
neurotransmitters?
Slower, but more
long lasting
The master gland that
controls all other
glands; works in
concert with the
hypothalamus
Pituitary gland
Gland that helps
regulate energy level
and metabolism in
the body
Thyroid
Regulates the level of
blood sugar in the
blood
Pancreas
Involved in coordination of
movement, sleep, arousal,
and facial expressions
(“bridge” between cerebral
cortex and medulla)
Pons
Fear and aggression,
detects threats
Amygdala
Band of neural tissue that
connects the two
hemispheres of the brain
Corpus callosum
In between
brainstem and
limbic system
Midbrain
Areas of the brain that
are involved in higher
mental functioning
Association areas