Autonomic Nervous System
Download
Report
Transcript Autonomic Nervous System
Autonomic Nervous System
Review
Anatomy
Visceral Efferent of Peripheral Nervous
System
Effectors are smooth muscle, cardiac
muscle, glands
Below conscious level
Sympathetic Nervous System
Expends energy
Preganglionic neurons arise T1-L2
Adrenal medulla
Sympathetic Division
• Preganglionic cell bodies in
lateral horns of spinal cord
T1-L2
• Preganglionic axons pass
through ventral roots to
white rami communicantes
to sympathetic chain ganglia
– Four routes possible
•
•
•
•
Spinal nerves
Sympathetic nerves
Splanchnic nerves
Innervation to adrenal
gland
16-4
Parasympathetic Nervous
System
Conserves energy
Preganglionic neurons arise S2-S4 and
Cranial Nerves III, VII, IX, X
Does not typically innervate skin or blood
vessels
Parasympathetic Division
• Preganglionic cell bodies
in nuclei of brainstem or
lateral parts of spinal cord
gray matter from S2-S4
– Preganglionic axons from
brain pass to ganglia
through cranial nerves
– Preganglionic axons from
sacral region pass through
pelvic nerves to ganglia
• Preganglionic axons pass
to terminal ganglia within
wall of or near organ
innervated
16-6
Neurotransmitters
Acetylcholine (Cholinergic)
– Preganglionic fibers of PNS & SNS
– Postganglionic fibers of PNS
Norepinephrine (Adrenergic)
– Postganglionic fibers of SNS
Actions
Fight or flight
Rest & relaxation
Controls
Hypothalamus