Transcript World War II (WWII)

World War II (WWII)
1939-1945
Lets finish WWII Vocab
• Please get out your WWII vocab sheets from
last class and continue working on the
definitions and sentences.
• You may draw pictures instead, but the
picture must have a lot of detail and tell me
that YOU understand the term.
• Raise your hand when you are finished so
that I can check it
Causes of WWII
1) Political and Economic
Conditions in Europe
2) Rise of Fascism
Political and Economic conditions
•
Political instability and economic
devastation in Europe resulted from
World War I.
–Worldwide depression
–High war debt owed by Germany
–High Inflation
–Massive unemployment
The German hyperinflation 1919-1923
The value of money decreased because
so much was being printed
• In 1914:
1 US dollar = 4.2 Marks
• In 1923:
1 US dollar = 4.2 Rentenmarks
Which is
4,200,000,000,000 Marks
Rise of Fascism
• Fascism is a political philosophy in which:
– Total power is given to a dictator
– Individual freedoms are denied
– Nationalism and (often) racism are emphasized
• Fascist dictators included:
Adolf Hitler (Germany)
Benito Mussolini (Italy)
Hideki Tojo (Japan)
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a2YEUhHFMHY&feature=related
Adolf Hitler
Was leader of a
fascist group
German Dictator 1933-1945
commonly called the
Nazi Party.
Once he became
Chancellor in 1933
he changed
Germany to a
Totalitarian form of
government. He
ruled until his death
in 1945
Was a Fascist
Italian dictator. The
King of Italy placed
him into power in
1922 and Mussolini
banned all other
political parties. He
Remained in power
until the King fired
him in 1943.
Benito Mussolini
Italian Dictator 1922 - 1943
Operation Oak
• The King of Italy fired
Mussolini in September
Of 1943. Mussolini was
Sent to an Italian prison.
German paratroopers
Tracked him down and
Broke into the prison and
Freed him. They took him
To safety in Germany.
Hitler ordered the rescue.
Was appointed Prime
Hideki Tojo
Minister by the
Japanese Prime Minister
Emperor of Japan,
1941-1944
Emperor Hirohito.
Prior to his
appointment, he was
the General of the
Japanese Imperial
Army.
Was tried and found
guilty after the war for
various War crimes.
WWII Allies vs. Axis
Allies
•
•
•
•
United States
Canada
Great Britain
Soviet Union
Axis
• Germany
• Italy
• Japan
Allied powers
• The Democratic nations of the United
States, Great Britain, and Canada were
known as the Allies
• The Soviet Union, at first was in an
alliance with Germany, but later joined
the Allies after being attacked and
invaded by Germany
United States Presidents
Harry Truman
1945-1953
Franklin D. Roosevelt
1933-1945
•
The United States WWII Presidents
• FDR was President of the United States
throughout the war until his death on April
12, 1945
• FDR’s successor was Vice President Harry
Truman
• As President, Truman authorized the use of
the Atomic bombs to end the war with Japan
Was one of the most
Winston Churchill
popular Prime Ministers
British Prime Minister
ever in Great Britain.
1 1940-1945 & 1951-1955
After France fell, Britain
was temporarily alone in
fighting against Germany.
After the United States
entered, he famously
declared “We have won
the war!”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tq_Rsb8KoKo&feature=related&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1
Had participated in the
Joseph Stalin
Bolshevik Revolution of 1917
Soviet Union Dictator
After Lenin's death, he
Approx: 1928-1953
conspired against all of his
own political comrades until
he gained complete power.
He signed an alliance
with Germany, however the
Nazi’s surprise attacked the
USSR in June 1941. Stalin then
switched sides to the Allies.
Propaganda poster project
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EV65XRN1lU0&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode
=1
• Your turn to make a Propaganda poster or
Movie poster.
• MUST HAVE WWII THEME
• Absolutely no Swastikas or derogatory
remarks to any other race, country, religion, or
ethnic group
America Enters WWII
• There is a gradual shift in American
policy from neutrality to direct
involvement
–First – Isolationism
–Second – Economic aid to the Allies
–Finally – Direct involvement (Declared
war !)
War in the Pacific
• Tension developed between the USA and Japan
because of Japanese aggression in the Pacific.
• The USA had been involved in peace talks with
Japanese ambassadors….but it was all for show.
• On December 7th, 1941…without warning, Japan
attacked the United States at Pearl Harbor (in
Hawaii)
•
http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=BA798041-E720-462B-98995EC32436DFB9&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US
Attack on Pearl Harbor
• December 7th 1941, A date which will live in
infamy!!
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xr6pVUv9cJQ&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1
The USS Arizona Today
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vyoIpKGEw8M&NR=1&feature=fv
wp&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1
USA Declares War
• December 8th, 1941, The United States
declares war on Japan
• December 11th, 1941, Germany and Italy
declare war on the United States
WWII for the United States has now begun!!
Japanese American Internment
• There was a heightened Anti-Japanese fear in
the United States as a result of the bombing
of Pearl Harbor
War time prejudice
• Even though many Japanese Americans served in
the armed forces, many others were treated with
distrust and prejudice
Executive Order 9066
• As a result of this distrust, President FDR
signed Executive Order 9066, directing the
Army to relocate over 120,000 Japanese
Americans to relocation camps.
Major WWII events and battles
• Despite initial Axis success in both Europe and
the Pacific, the Allies persevered and
ultimately defeated Germany and Japan
• The Allied troops fought against the Axis in 3
theaters total, but our focus will be on 2 of
them:
-European (includes Eastern and Western front)
-Pacific
Germany establishes early dominance
• #1) September 1939, Germany invaded
Poland setting off World War II in Europe. The
Soviet Union also invaded Poland from the
East
• #2) June 1940, Germany invaded France and
captured Paris
The War comes to Great Britain
• #3) August – October of 1940 , Germany
bombed London and The Battle of Britain
began
• #4)March 1941, Lend Lease Act– The U.S.
could sell, lend, or lease war supplies to “any
nation considered vital to the defense of the
United States”.
Attack and Declarations of War
• #5) December 7, 1941 Japan attacks Pearl
Harbor
• #6) December 8, 1941 USA declares war on
Japan
• #7) December 11, 1941 Germany and Italy
declare war on the United States
• http://www.historyonthenet.com/WW2/germ
an_success_failure.htm
WWII Turning Points (Allied victories)
• #8) June 1942, The Battle of Midway – The
United States was victorious against Japan in
the Battle of Midway. This victory was the
turning point of the war in the Pacific
• #9) Feb 1943, Battle of Stalingrad – the USSR
defeated Germany at Stalingrad, marking the
turning point of the war on the Eastern front
“D-Day”
• #10) June 6, 1944, D-Day- American
and other Allied troops landed on
the beaches of Normandy, France to
begin the liberation of western
Europe
• Turning point of the Western front
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UtBogHdnn5g&feature=youtube_gdata_player&safety_mode=true&persist_sa
fety_mode=1
http://www.historylink101.com/wwII_b-w/d-day/beaches2/index.html
More Allied Victories
• #11)May 8, 1945, Victory in Europe- Germany
surrendered, ending the war in Europe
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MNR5CvJMXQc
WWII ends in the Pacific
• The United States dropped two atomic bombs
(Manhattan Project) on Japan in 1945, forcing
Japan to surrender and ending WWII:
• #12) August 6, 1945, The bombing of
Hiroshima took the lives of 70,000 people that
day and another 70,000 from radiation
exposure within 5 years
• #13) August 9, 1945, The bombing of
Nagasaki Took the lives of 80,000 within a
year
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t19kvUiHvAE&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active
America celebrates
the end of WWII
• #14) August 15,
1945, (Victory in
Japan) Japan
surrendered, ending
the war in the Pacific