Transcript War in Africa and Europe

Grade 8 Social Studies
Chapter 8-3
General Erwin
Rommel
• German general in charge of
Afrika Corps
•“Desert Fox” Excellent
commander
• 2 Panzer divisions
• Goal to cut off Suez Canal
controlled by British
• Stopped by the British 200 miles
away from canal
Suez Canal/Panzer
General Dwight D.
Eisenhower
• That’s FOUR STAR GENERAL
DWIGHT D EISENHOWER TO
YOU.
• Future President
• Commanded American led forces
in North Africa
• US troops inexperienced
• Pushed back by Rommel
• Regrouped and pinched Germans
from the West
• Forced Germans into two front
warfare.
Invasion of Italy
• After forcing surrender in North
Africa the Allies invade Italy
through Mediterranean Sea
• Amphibious Assault
• People had turned against
Mussolini
• Italy surrenders 1943 (one less
Axis power.)
• Germany boxed in from South,
East and after D-Day the West.
• Referred to as the “Soft
Underbelly of Europe”
Monte Casino
•Mountain in central Italy
• Nazis controlled high point that
oversaw much of central country
• Difficult to launch uphill battle
• Allies bomb monastery at top of
the hill
• Many have questioned whether
this was necessary.
Stalingrad
• Turning point in WWII
• Russians vs Nazis
• Stalingrad important for
resources, Germans running out of
fuel and supplies.
• COLD! Many freeze to death
• Heavy casualties
• RUSSIA WINS!
Stalingrad Cont
• Why did the Russians win?
•Germans expected to
defeat Russians faster
(never underestimate your
enemy)
• Germans have to send
supplies much further
• Russia has more
manpower
• Russians fighting on
homeland
• Russian equipment made
to fight in bitter cold,
uniforms are warmer
D Day
• Operation Overlord
• Allied invasion of Nazi occupied
France
• 150,000 American, British and
Canadian Troops invade
• There are 68,000 people living in
Mt. Vernon
• Saving Private Ryan
• Germans being attacked from
Northeast, South and West
Largest Invasion Ever!
Eisenhower/10,000 Killed
Aircraft with “D-Day” Stripes
Battle of the Bulge
• Pushes the Nazis back into
Germany
• 200,000 Casualties
• Germans use English speaking
troops
• Named after the Bulge of
highlands extending through
central Europe
• All out war.
• German tanks superior, but
overcomplicated and outnumbered
• 1944/1945
The Big 3 at Yalta
• Yalta is an Island in the Ukraine
• Allied Leaders plan on what to do
with Europe after WWII
• Although in constant contact, the
leaders had not all met face to face
• VERY IMPORTANT EVENT IN
WORLD HISTORY
• Left to Right
•Winston Churchill (Britain)
• FDR (USA)
•Joseph Stalin (USSR)
Yalta/Map of Europe post WWII
AntiSemitism/Holocaust
• Genocide is the murder of an
entire ethnic group.
• The Nazis MURDERED 11 Million
people
• 5-6 Million Jewish
• 2-3 Million Polish
• Slavic people
• Homosexuals
• Russian Prisoners of War
• Gypsies
• The holocaust is a terrible low
point for all of human existence
• The Jewish people are Semites
• Anti Semitism is racism against
Jews.
Liberation
• Groups rounded up by Nazis and
brought to work camps, eventually
to concentration camps.
• Killed by starvation, labor, gas
chambers, firing squad, burning,
experimentation
• Allies are horrified by the camps
•
• Make the local people come see
what has been done.
•
• Concentration camps built
outside of Germany
• Worst Genocide of all time