Transcript Great Depression/New Deal - BakerHistory

Great Depression/New Deal
•Short Term Causes - The mad rush of
people pulling their investments from the
stock market and banks, people defaulting
on loans
•Long Term Causes - Over speculation in the
stock market, over use of credit for
purchase, countries being unable to pay
their debt from WWI, and overproduction
Great Depression/New Deal
•FDR's Response- He responded
by taking action and discussing the
situation with "The Brain Trust",
he decided to implement the New
Deal policies which consisted of
the Hundred Days, a 100 day time
period that consisted of a record
amount of new legislations that
were created with the idea of
domestic reform and relief based
on FDR's three R's; Relief, Reform,
and Recovery.
Great Depression/New Deal
What was included in the 1st new deal? (See cheat sheet)
It set up the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) so
that investors' money was guaranteed safe in banks that
were members (most of which today are). Also, the
Securities and Exchange Commission(SEC) which set
guidelines for the stock market to prevent speculation like
that that led to the Great Depression.
Was the new deal successful in getting us out of the
depression?
The new deal plan provided relief with new jobs, banking
reforms, fiscal reforms, and monetary reforms that created a
safety net for the falling American economy. The start of
WWII however is what pulled the economy out of
depression.
WWII Causes
•Started off with Germany's loss in WW1 leading to
their reparations causing an inflation in Germany,
ultimately leading to rise of Hitler because people were
willing to listen in time of desperation
•Appeasement: European powers negotiated with
Germany in order to satisfy Adolph Hitler, not knowing
it would increase his power
•Great Depression: Stock Market Crash: Americans
bought stuff on credit, basically using money they didn't
have. Entered the war because would bring economic
prosperity- boost industrial and military revenue
Pre-War Foreign Policy
-we focused on domestic issues
-extreme anti-war feelings
“Merchants of Death”
-Good Neighbor policy in Latin
America
-Neutrality Acts
forbids arms sales to warring
nations
-1937 Roosevelt gives Quarantine
speech
Prelude to War
-Japanese Aggression
Manchuria
China
Emperor Hirohito----Hideki Tojo
-Italy
Fascism
Benito Mussolini
-Rise of Germany
Failed Weimar Republic
Adolph Hitler & Third Reich
Nazi
-Russia (USSR)
Joseph Stalin
Prelude to War
-Japanese Aggression
Manchuria
China
Emperor Hirohito----Hideki Tojo
-Italy
Fascism
Benito Mussolini
-Rise of Germany
Failed Weimar Republic
Adolph Hitler & Third Reich
Nazi
http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/media_fi
.php?MediaId=200
-Russia (USSR)
Joseph Stalin
Appeasement
-Kellogg-Briand Pact
-Hoover-Stimson Doctrine
refuse to recognize lands taken by
force
-German rearmament
-Taking of the Rhineland
-Austria
-Munich Peace Conference
-American Neutrality
Appeasement
-Kellogg-Briand Pact
-Hoover-Stimson Doctrine
refuse to recognize lands taken by
force
-German rearmament
-Taking of the Rhineland
-Austria
-Munich Peace Conference
-American Neutrality
Europe at War
-Japanese are invading China, 1937
-Germany annexes Austria, 1938
-Germany takes Czechoslovakia,
1938
-Germany-Russia sign nonaggression treaty, 1939
-Germany attacks Poland Sept. 1,
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hRHhPNz
1939
QXHI
-France, England declare war
Blitzkrieg
-lightning warfare
-heavy use of machinery and aircraft
-quick victory over Poland
-Phony War begins
Maginot Line
Siegfried Line
-Stalin attacks Finland, Hitler attacks
Denmark, Norway, then Belgium
-Invasion of France
-Massive Allied evacuation at
Dunkirk
-France signs surrender, June 1940
Blitzkrieg
-lightning warfare
-heavy use of machinery and aircraft
-quick victory over Poland
-Phony War begins
Maginot Line
Siegfried Line
-Stalin attacks Finland, Hitler attacks
Denmark, Norway, then Belgium
-Invasion of France
-Massive Allied evacuation at
Dunkirk
-France signs surrender, June 1940
Blitzkrieg
-lightning warfare
-heavy use of machinery and aircraft
-quick victory over Poland
-Phony War begins
Maginot Line
Siegfried Line
-Stalin attacks Finland, Hitler attacks
Denmark, Norway, then Belgium
-Invasion of France
-Massive Allied evacuation at
Dunkirk
-France signs surrender, June 1940
Battle of Britain
-Germany controls most of Europe
-Luftwaffe begin bombing of Britain
-RAF defends British homeland
-”Never in the field of human
conflict was so much owed by so
many to so few”
Winston Churchill
-Germany never launches invasion of
Britain
U.S. Prepares for War
-”Cash and Carry “ policy begins
-Axis Powers formed
-Selective Service begins draft
process
-Roosevelt seeks third term
-Lend-Lease policy begun to help
supply allies-Arsenal of
Democracy
Four Freedoms
-Atlantic Charter signed between
U.S. and Britain
resembles 14 points of Wilson
https://www.youtube.com/wa
tch?v=5iHKtrirjlY
Hitler’s Mistake
-Battle of Britain has stalled
-June 1941 Germany attacks Russia
-early success but then stalemate
-Russian winter sets in and halts
advance
Fun Facts about Joe Stalin:
1. Last name means “Man of Steel”
2. Very Paranoid person
3. Ordered production of half
man/half ape hybrid to make the
“super soldier”
4. Responsible for the deaths of 20
million + Russians
5. Wasn’t really Russian
-Now war is on two fronts
U.S. enters the War
-U.S. has embargo on Japan for
actions in the Pacific
-U.S. had warning of a possible
Japanese attack somewhere
-Dec. 7th, 1941 Pearl Harbor is
attacked
“day that will live in infamy”
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
3VqQAf74fsE
-U.S. declares war on Japan and
then Germany, Italy declare war
on U.S.
Pearl Harbor through Ben
Affleck’s Eyes – REMIX
https://www.youtube.com/wat
ch?v=W5IwUMCmxD8
Americans in the Service
-millions volunteered and millions
more were drafted
-GI’s went to basic training for 8
weeks
-Women’s Auxiliary Corps
thousands volunteered
-Minorities served in segregated
units
Tuskegee Airmen
Life on the Home Front
-War Production Board
industries were retooled to make
war materials
-Scientists are mobilized
radar, sonar, penicillin, atomic
bomb (Manhattan Project)
-women stepped into many war
materials jobs
“Rosie the Riveter”
-Entertainment propaganda
-newsreels
Life on the Home Front
-War Production Board
industries were retooled to make
war materials
-Scientists are mobilized
radar, sonar, penicillin, atomic
bomb (Manhattan Project)
-women stepped into many war
materials jobs
“Rosie the Riveter”
-Entertainment propaganda
-newsreels
Life on the Home Front
-War Production Board
industries were retooled to make
war materials
-Scientists are mobilized
radar, sonar, penicillin, atomic
bomb (Manhattan Project)
-women stepped into many war
materials jobs
“Rosie the Riveter”
-Entertainment propaganda
Life on the Home Front
-War Production Board
industries were retooled to make
war materials
-Scientists are mobilized
radar, sonar, penicillin, atomic
bomb (Manhattan Project)
-women stepped into many war
materials jobs
“Rosie the Riveter”
-Entertainment propaganda
Life on the Home Front
-War Production Board
industries were retooled to make
war materials
-Scientists are mobilized
radar, sonar, penicillin, atomic
bomb (Manhattan Project)
-women stepped into many war
materials jobs
“Rosie the Riveter”
-Entertainment propaganda
Life on the Home Front
-War Production Board
industries were retooled to make
war materials
-Scientists are mobilized
radar, sonar, penicillin, atomic
bomb (Manhattan Project)
-women stepped into many war
materials jobs
“Rosie the Riveter”
-Entertainment propaganda
Life on the Home Front
-War Production Board
industries were retooled to make
war materials
-Scientists are mobilized
radar, sonar, penicillin, atomic
bomb (Manhattan Project)
-women stepped into many war
materials jobs
“Rosie the Riveter”
-Entertainment propaganda
Life on the Home Front
-War Production Board
industries were retooled to make
war materials
-Scientists are mobilized
radar, sonar, penicillin, atomic
bomb (Manhattan Project)
-women stepped into many war
materials jobs
“Rosie the Riveter”
-Entertainment propaganda
Life on the Home Front
-War Production Board
industries were retooled to make
war materials
-Scientists are mobilized
radar, sonar, penicillin, atomic
bomb (Manhattan Project)
-women stepped into many war
materials jobs
“Rosie the Riveter”
-Entertainment propaganda
Life on the Home Front
-War Production Board
industries were retooled to make
war materials
-Scientists are mobilized
radar, sonar, penicillin, atomic
bomb (Manhattan Project)
-women stepped into many war
materials jobs
“Rosie the Riveter”
-Entertainment propaganda
Life on the Home Front
-War Production Board
industries were retooled to make
war materials
-Scientists are mobilized
radar, sonar, penicillin, atomic
bomb (Manhattan Project)
-women stepped into many war
materials jobs
“Rosie the Riveter”
-Entertainment propaganda
Government Control
-Inflation controlled by price
freezes
-many products rationed to
conserve resources
-income taxes increased
-War Bonds sold
-Japanese Internment
Korematsu v. United States
discriminatory policy???
Government Control
-Inflation controlled by price
freezes
-many products rationed to
conserve resources
-income taxes increased
-War Bonds sold
-Japanese Internment
Korematsu v. United States
discriminatory policy???
Government Control
-Inflation controlled by price
freezes
-many products rationed to
conserve resources
-income taxes increased
-War Bonds sold
-Japanese Internment
Korematsu v. United States
discriminatory policy???
Japanese Victories
-Pearl Harbor
-Victories in much of the Pacific
-MacArthur retreats from the
Philippines
“Bataan Death March”
-MacArthur pledges to return
America Recovers
-Bombing of Tokyo April 1942
-Coral Sea Battle
air power in the navy
-Battle of Midway, 1942
Adm. Chester Nimitz
inflicted great damage to
much larger Japanese fleet
-Japan never recovered its naval
power
America Recovers
-Bombing of Tokyo April 1942
-Coral Sea Battle
air power in the navy
-Battle of Midway, 1942
Adm. Chester Nimitz
inflicted great damage to
much larger Japanese fleet
-Japan never recovered its naval
power
America Recovers
-Bombing of Tokyo April 1942
-Coral Sea Battle
air power in the navy
-Battle of Midway, 1942
Adm. Chester Nimitz
inflicted great damage to
much larger Japanese fleet
-Japan never recovered its naval
power
Island Hopping
-as the U./S. built its naval and
air advantage the Japanese
fortified every island
-U.S. bypasses many island and
takes weaker ones for
airfields
-Guadalcanal, 1942
-Philippines, 1944
High Costs
-Japanese defending with every
man
kamikaze attacks
-Iwo Jima, 1945
6,000 Marines die
-Roosevelt dies
-Okinawa, 1945
higher death totals
-warnings of what invasion would
cost
High Costs
-Japanese defending with every
man
kamikaze attacks
-Iwo Jima, 1945
6,000 Marines die
-Roosevelt dies
-Okinawa, 1945
higher death totals
-warnings of what invasion would
cost
High Costs
-Japanese defending with every
man
kamikaze attacks
-Iwo Jima, 1945
6,000 Marines die
-Roosevelt dies
-Okinawa, 1945
higher death totals
-warnings of what invasion would
cost
Manhattan Project
-about 600,000 people worked in
the project
-J. Robert Oppenheimer led the
project at Los Alamos NM
-some scientists urged the gov’t
not to use the weapon
-Truman made the decision to
use the weapon on Japan
Ultimate Weapon
-Before atomic weapon was used,
airdrops of leaflets urged
Japanese to surrender
-Japanese leaders refuse to
unconditionally surrender
-August, 1945 the bomber Enola
Gay dropped an atomic bomb
over Hiroshima
-another bomb dropped on
Nagasaki
-Japanese surrender
-V-J Day (Victory over Japan)
Ultimate Weapon
-Before atomic weapon was used,
airdrops of leaflets urged
Japanese to surrender (Fatman
and Little Boy)
-Japanese leaders refuse to
unconditionally surrender
-August, 1945 the bomber Enola
Gay dropped an atomic bomb
over Hiroshima
-another bomb dropped on
Nagasaki
-Japanese surrender
-V-J Day (Victory over Japan)
Ultimate Weapon
-Before atomic weapon was used,
airdrops of leaflets urged
Japanese to surrender
-Japanese leaders refuse to
unconditionally surrender
-August, 1945 the bomber Enola
Gay dropped an atomic bomb
over Hiroshima
-another bomb dropped on
Nagasaki
-Japanese surrender
-V-J Day (Victory over Japan)
Rebuilding the World
-Yalta, 1945 meeting of the Big
Three
-Creation of the United Nations
-Potsdam, July 1945
division of Germany
-Nuremburg Trials
war crimes
several leaders executed