Transcript Lille France history

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
Hitler’s Lightning War
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During the 1930s, Hitler played on the hopes and fears of
the Western democracies. Each time the Nazi dictator
grabbed new territory, he would declare an end to his
demands. Peace seemed guaranteed– until Hitler moved
again. After his moves into the Rhineland, Austria, and
Czechoslovakia, Hitler turned his eyes to Poland. After WWI,
the Allies had cut out the Polish Corridor from German
territory to give Poland access to the sea. In 1939, Hitler
demanded that the Polish Corridor be returned to
Germany…
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Invasion of Poland:
o September 1, 1939 Hitler invades Poland and begins a merciless
bombing of the capital of Warsaw
o France and GB declare war on Germany on Sept 3
o Poland will fall to Hitler’s army long before GB and France can
mobilize
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Hitler’s Blitzkrieg:
o “Lightning war”- use fast moving tanks and airplanes followed by
massive infantry forces
o Catch enemies off guard and overwhelm them
o Worked to perfection in Poland…
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Stalin Attacks Poland
o Stalin sends troops to occupy eastern half of Poland
September 17, 1939
o Stalin then annexes Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania – all fall without a
struggle
• Attempt to regain land lost after WWI
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Soviets Attack Finland
o Expect Finland to fall quickly- soviets not prepared for winter war
o Finns put up a strong fight- army on skies attack the slow soviet
army
o Stalin forced to use nearly 1 million troops
o March 1940 Soviets make Finns sign surrender
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German Offensive:
o Germany sweeps the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg-
• Keeping the Allies attention on those countries sent a larger force
through Northern France
• Troops head north- force French troops into a corner, with their backs
against the sea….
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Rescue at Dunkirk:
o May 1940 German forces force French out of Lille, to the beaches of
Dunkirk
o French army is trapped
o British send a make-shift fleet to rescue the French troops
o 850 ships consisting of navy, civilian ships, yachts, life boats, and
fishing boats rescue nearly 340,000 troops
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Resistance after Dunkirk:
o After Dunkirk French Resistance crumbled
o Germans took Paris by June 14, 1940
o June 22, 1940 French leaders surrendered
o Germany only occupied the northern part of France
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Charles De Gaulle
o French General
o Established a gov’t in exile in London
o Continued to urge French people to resist the Germans
o Organized the Free French military forces
o Continued to battle the Nazis until France’s liberation in 1944
 Winston
Churchill:
o British Prime Minister
o Declared GB would
never give in
o “We shall fight on the
beaches, we shall fight
on the landing grounds,
we shall fight in the
fields and in the
streets…we shall never
surrender.”
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