Transcript World War II

MAJOR FORCES AND BATTLES OF
WORLD WAR II
US History
10th Grade
By: Nate Ross
Allied Forces
Axis Forces
European Theater
Pacific Theater
“THE BIG FOUR”
ALLIED FORCES
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United States of America lead by President Franklin D. Roosevelt
• Entered the war in 1941 when Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7 th
•
Great Britain was lead by Prime Minister Winston Churchill
• Entered the war in 1939 after Germany invaded Poland on September 3 rd
•
Soviet Union (Russia) was lead by Joseph Stalin
• Entered the war in 1939 when they began the invasion of Poland with Germany
• In June 1941 Germany attacked the Soviet Union to end the threat of a neighboring
communist country.
•
France was lead by Charles de Gualle
• Entered the war in 1939 after Germany had invaded Poland
• Surrendered to Germany in June of 1940
THE AXIS POWERS
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Nazi Germany was lead by Adolf Hitler.
• Started the war when Germany invaded Poland in 1939.
•
Japan was lead by Emperor Hirohito.
• Entered the war on December 7 th 1941 when Japan attacked Pearl Harbor Hawaii.
•
Italy was lead by Benito Mussolini.
• Entered the war in June of 1940
EUROPE IN WORLD WAR II
Notice
Germany was
fighting the war
on three
different fronts:
East in Russia,
West in France,
and South in
North Africa
EUROPEAN THEATER
MAJOR BATTLES
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September 1 st 1939- Hitler invades Poland. Poland falls within weeks of the invasion.
•
June 22 nd 1941- Germany invaded Russia known as Operation Barbarossa. 4.5 million Germans
invaded Russia along the eastern front.
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July 1 st 1942- the Battle of El Alamein was fought in Egypt between Great Britain, Germany, and
Italy. This is also known as the first battle.
•
August 21 st 1942- the Battle of Stalingrad was the turning point in the east when Russia defeated
the German advance.
•
June 6 th 1944- D-Day invasion of Normandy France by the United States, Great Britain, and
Canadian Forces.
•
Also know as Operation Overlord was the largest amphibious landing ever.
•
December 16 th 1944- the Battle of the Bulge was a major German offensive against the allies. The
Americans took 89,000 casualties.
•
April 16 th 1945- The Battle of Berlin was the last ditch effort for the Germans who fell to the
Russians
THE PACIFIC
Not only were there
battles on islands
with the Marines
many of the battles in
the pacific were in
the ocean between
the U.S. and
Japanese Navies
MAJOR BATTLES IN THE PACIFIC
•
December 7th 1941- Japan attacks Pearl Harbor Hawaii
•
December 23rd 1941- Americans surrender to Japanese on Wake Island and
are taken to Bataan Philippines
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May 3rd 1942- Battle of Coral Sea was fought in the waters around the
Solomon Islands
•
June 4th 1942- Battle of Midway was the turning point of the war in the
Pacific
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August 7th 1942- First U.S. troops amphibious landing in the Solomon
Islands at Guadalcanal and Tulagi
•
September 27th 1942- British troops begin offensive in Burma
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November 20, 1943- U.S. Troops invade Makin and Tarawa in the Gilbert
Islands
MAJOR BATTLES IN THE PACIFIC
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June 15, 1944- U.S. Marines invade Saipan in the Mariana Islands
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February 19, 1945- U.S. Marines invade Iwo Jima
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August 6, 1945- First Atomic Bomb dropped on Hiroshima from a B-29
flown by Col. Paul Tibbets
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August 9, 1945- Second Atomic Bomb is dropped on Nagasaki from a B-29
flown by Maj. Charles Sweeney -- Emperor Hirohito and Japanese Prime
Minister Suzuki then decide to seek an immediate peace with the Allies
•
September 2, 1945- Formal Japanese surrender ceremony on board the
MISSOURI in Tokyo Bay as 1,000 carrier-based planes fly overhead;
President Truman declares VJ Day
REVIEW QUESTION #1
1) Who was the President of the United States of America when Pearl Harbor was attacked
by the Japanese?
A. George Washington
B. Franklin Roosevelt
C. Theodore Roosevelt
INCORRECT
•
George Washington was not the president during World War II, he was our first
president from 1789-1797
INCORRECT
•
Theodore Roosevelt was not the president during World War II, he was president
from 1901 to 1909.
•
He was known for his phrase “Speak softly and carry a big stick.”
CORRECT
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Franklin Roosevelt was the president during World War II, he took office in 1943
until his death in 1945.
REVIEW QUESTION #2
What were the two different theaters in World War II?
A. North and South
B. Germany and Japan
C. European and Pacific
INCORRECT
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A. is incorrect North and South would be relevant to the Civil War but not to
World War II
INCORRECT
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B. is incorrect. Germany and Japan were two of the Axis powers in World War II
but were not the theaters conflict.
CORRECT
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C. is correct. World War II had two theaters of conflict which were in Europe and
the Pacific.
END OF POWERPOINT
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