Transcript The Jews 1940

First they came for the Socialists, and I did
not speak out because I was not a Socialist.
Then they came for the Trade Unionists, and I
did not speak out because I was not a Trade Unionist.
Then they came for the Jews, and I did not
speak out because I was not a Jew.
Then they came for me - and there was no one
left to speak for me.
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in
Washington, D.C. reads:
Holocaust (1933-1945)
• Term derived from the Greek word holókauston,
meaning a "completely (holos) burnt (kaustos)"
sacrificial offering to a god.
• 6 million Jews were killed, 2 out of every 3 in
Europe.
• Some 5 million others deemed “undesirable” by the
Nazis were also killed. These included Slavs,
Gypsies, Soviet prisoners of war, gay men,
Jehovah's Witnesses, the disabled, and political
opponents.
#1) 11 Million
Percentage of Jews killed in each country
#2 Poland
The Holocaust (some scenes may offend!) - YouTube
Anti -Semitism
This is the term given to
political, social and
economic agitation against
Jews. In simple terms it
means ‘Hatred of Jews’.
Aryan Race
This was the name of what Hitler
believed was the perfect race. These
were people with full German blood,
blonde hair and blue eyes.
For hundreds of years Christian Europe had regarded the Jews as the
Christ -killers. At one time or another Jews had been driven out of
almost every European country. The way they were treated in
England in the thirteenth century is a typical example.
In 1275 they were made to wear a yellow badge.
In 1287 269 Jews were hanged in the Tower of London.
This deep prejudice against Jews was still strong in the twentieth
century, especially in Germany, Poland and Eastern Europe, where
the Jewish population was very large.
After the First World War hundreds of Jews were blamed for the
defeat in the War. Prejudice against the Jews grew during the
economic depression which followed. Many Germans were poor
and unemployed and wanted someone to blame. They turned on the
Jews, many of whom were rich and successful in business.
3. No
Prelude to the Final Solution
• When Hitler seized power in 1933 he used his new
powers under the ‘Enabling Law’ to begin his
attack on the Jews.
• In 1935, the Nuremberg Race Laws systematically
took away Jews Rights, and made them unequal by
law.
• Stereotypes -- Stossel In The Classroom YouTube
• In 1938, the Nazi attack on the Jews changed and
became more violent with Himmler launching
Kristallnacht on 11th November 1938.
• By 1939, half of Germany’s 500,000 Jews had
emigrated to escape Nazi persecution.
Prelude to the Final Solution
• In 1939, Germany
invaded Poland which
had a much larger
population of Jews,
with 3 million.
• In 1941, Germany
invaded Russia which
had a population of
5 million Jews.
Change of Tactics: Einsatzgruppen
• Himmler sent four specially trained SS units
called “Einsatzgruppen battalions” into German
occupied territory and shot at least 1 million Jews.
• Victims were taken to deserted areas where they
were made to dig their own graves and shot.
• When the SS ran out of bullets they sometimes
killed their victims using flame throwers.
4. Firing Squads
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8uldpQpoZQM
Opening Scene Inglorious Basterds
Jewish women, some holding infants, are forced to wait in a line
before their execution by Germans and Ukrainian collaborators.
A German policeman shoots individual Jewish women who remain alive
in the ravine after the mass execution.
Mass Grave left by the Einsatzgruppen
Later, Hitler would have these mass graves dug up and the
bodies burned to get rid of any evidence of the Holocaust.
Schindlers List Burning Bodies Scene - YouTube
Change of Tactics: Einsatzgruppen
In the late summer of 1941, Heinrich
Himmler, noting the #5 psychological burden
that mass shootings produced on his men,
requested that a more convenient mode of
killing be developed.
Van Plan: Mobile Gas
Chambers
Before poison gas was used ,
Jews were gassed in mobile gas
vans. Carbon monoxide gas
from the engine’s exhaust was
fed into the sealed rear
compartment. Victims were
dead by the time they reached
the burial site.
The ‘Final Solution’
• In January 1942, Himmler
decided to change tactics once
again and called a special
conference at Wannsee.
• At this conference it was
decided that the existing
methods were too inefficient
and that a new ‘Final
Solution’ was necessary.
•
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x3up5SZBZdY
HBO Conspiracy Clip about Wannsee Conference
SS Tactics: Dehumanization and
Following Orders
• The SS guards who murdered the Jews were brainwashed
with Anti-Semitic propaganda.
• The Jews were transported in cattle cars in terrible
conditions.
• Naked, dirty and half starved people look like animals,
which helped to reinforce the Nazi propaganda.
• SS Guards (military in general) were trained to follow
authority. People will follow authority, because they feel it
is not their decision, and are not responsible for the
consequences.
• abc news Primetime Milgram - YouTube
#6 Women,
Wannsee Conference
children, the old #7 The young and fit would
Shooting was too
& the sick were to go through a process called
be sent for
‘destruction through work.’ inefficient as the bullets
were needed for the war
‘special
effort
treatment.’
On arrival the Jews
would go through a
process called
‘selection.’
The remaining
Jews were to be
shipped to
‘resettlement
areas’ in the
East.
How was the Final
Solution going to
be organized?
Jews were to be
rounded up and put
into transit camps
called Ghettos
The Jews living in
Conditions in the Ghettos were designed
these Ghettos were to
to be so bad that many die while the rest
be used as a cheap
would be willing to leave these areas in
source of labor.
the hope of better conditions
Destruction Through Work
This photo was taken by the Nazis to show just how you
could quite literally work the fat off the Jews by feeding
them 200 calories a day
Destruction Through Work
Same group of Jews 6 weeks later
#8 How did the Nazi’s decide
who was Jewish?
• At the Wannsee conference it was
decided that if one of person’s
parents was Jewish, then they were
Jewish.
• However, if only one of their
grandparents had been Jewish then
they could be classified as being
German.
• In 1940, all Jews had to have their
passports stamped with the letter ‘J’
and had to wear the yellow Star of
David on their jacket or coat.
# 9 Tactics: What happened to new
At Auschwitz the trains
arrivals?
pulled into a mock up
All new arrivals went
through a process
known as ‘selection.’
Mothers, children, the
old & sick were sent
straight to the
‘showers’ which were
really the gas
chambers.
The able bodied were
sent to work camp
were they were killed
through a process
known as ‘destruction
through work.’
of a normal train
station.
The Jews were
Deception &
Selection
At Auschwitz the new
arrivals were calmed
down by a Jewish
orchestra playing classical
music.
Oprah and Elie Weisel at Auscwitz Part 1 YouTube
helped off the
cattle trucks by
Jews who were
specially selected to
help the Nazis
At some death camps
the Nazis would play
records of
classical music to
help calm down the
new arrivals.
# 9 Deception:
German phrase meaning "work shall set you free” written on the
entrance of many of the concentration camps. New arrivals were
given postcards to send to friends.
Schindler's List (5/9) Movie CLIP - A Small Pile of Hinges (1993) HD – YouTube
Schindler's List Balcony Scene - YouTube
Auschwitz Orchestra
Map of Auschwitz
New Arrivals
‘Showers’
‘Destruction
Through
Work’
Auschwitz from the air
Notice how the death
camp is set out like a
factory complex
The Nazis used
industrial methods to
murder the Jews and
process their dead
bodies
#10 Cruel and Unusual Experiments
•
•
•
•
•
Dr. Josef Mengele was
known as the “Angel of
Death”
Conducted experiments on
children, twins, and dwarfs.
Experiments included
transplants, changing eye
color, and sterilization.
Most experiments were done
with out anesthesia.
Would escape with help of
the ODESSA Network to
South America. Hunted by
Mossad but never captured.
They Spoke Out: The Dina Babbitt Story – YouTube
National Geograghic-Mengele (part 1) a small part of a
long legacy - YouTube
[NHD'09] Josef Mengele: Angel of Death – YouTube
Cruel and Unusual Experiments
• High-Altitude
Experiments
• Experiments
with Poison
• Incendiary
Bomb
Experiments
• Disease
Experiments
• Freezing
Experiments
• Mustard Gas
Experiments
The Gas Chambers
• The Nazis would force
large groups of prisoners
into small cement rooms
and drop canisters of #11
Zyklon B, or prussic
acid, in its crystal form
through small holes in the
roof.
• These gas chambers were
sometimes disguised as
showers or bathing
houses.
The SS would try and pack up to 2000 people into this gas chamber
The Boy In The Striped Pyjamas Final Scene - YouTube
The outside of the Gas Chamber
Notice the ovens are located near the Gas Chambers
#12 Processing the bodies
• Specially selected Jews
known as the
sonderkommando were
used to to remove the gold
fillings and hair of people
who had been gassed.
• The Sonderkommando
Jews were also forced
to feed the dead bodies
into the crematorium.
The Ovens at Dachau
Dead bodies waiting to be processed
Shoes waiting to be processed by the
sonderkommando
Taken inside a huge glass case in the Auschwitz Museum. This represents one
day's collection at the peak of the gassings, about twenty five thousand pairs.
Bales of hair
shaven from
women at
Auschwitz, used to
make felt-yarn.
After liberation, an
Allied soldier
displays a stash of
gold wedding rings
taken from victims at
Buchenwald.
Toward the end of 1944 and the beginning of 1945, Soviet
and U.S. forces liberated Concentration and Death Camps
throughout Europe.
Images like this is what they found!
Abandoned Nazi Concentration Camp – YouTube
Band of Brothers
Final Notes on the Final Solution
• The Nazis aimed to kill
11 million Jews at the
Wannsee Conference in
1941
• Today there are only
2000 Jews living in
Poland.
• The Nazis managed to
kill at least 6 million
Jews.
• Men like Schindler helped
Jews escape the Final
Solution.
• Not all Jews went quietly
into the gas cambers.
• In 1943, the Warsaw
Ghetto, like many others
revolted against the Nazis
when the Jews realized
what was really happening.
•
Camp 14 and 3 Generations of
Punishment Modern day
concentration camps in North
Korea
North Korean prisoner
escaped after 23 brutal
years - 60 Minutes CBS News
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