Transcript Factors Leading to WWII

2
1
4
5
3
6
 Ch.16.1 Guided Reading
WWII
in
Europe
Democracies
created by
T.O.V. failed,
replaced by
Dictatorships
WWI causes
economic
turmoil &
nationalism in
Europe
WWII
in
Europe
Treaty of
Versailles:
angered
Germany &
Russia
Russia
Leader
Type of
Government
/
Economy
Actions
Taken/Goals
Italy
Germany
Russia
Leader
Type of
Government
/
Economy
Actions
Taken/Goals
Italy
Germany
Russia
Italy
Germany
Leader
Joseph Stalin
“Man of Steel”
Benito Mussolini
“Il Duce”
Adolf Hitler
“Der Fuhrer”
Type of
Government
/
Economy
Communism
-all property owned
by the state
-focus on growth of
agriculture &
industry
-Totalitarian
Totalitarian
Nazism: extreme
Fascism: state above the fascism, fascism
individual, power in a
Totalitarian
single leader
Actions
“Five Year Plans”
Taken/Goals -Killed 8-13 million
-USSR became 2nd
largest industrial
power
-”Black Shirts”
marched on Rome, King
appointed Mussolini
head of government
-crushed all political
opposition
-wanted to unite all
German speakers into one
empire
-racial “purification”
-Aryans, master race
-National
expansion…lebensraum
Poking fun at Hitler
TREATY OF VERSAILLES (ENDED WWI)
Imposes Reparations
REPARATIONS CAUSE HYPERINFLATION IN GERMANY
Economic Meltdown
Germany angry @Allies and their
own government
Hitler’s Nationalism Appeals to Desperate Germans
German
Empire/Lebensraum
Aryan Race
Third Reich
established
 “living space”
 1931: Nationalist, military
leaders attack Manchuria
(in China)
 Sought natural resources
 Put militarist in control of
government
 League of Nations:
condemns actions, Japan
quits the L.O.N.
 Video 1
 Video 2
 Fails to act against Japan
 Sends message to other
dictators in Europe:
 Hitler quits the League
in 1933
 1935 Hitler begins
military build ups,
violating the TOV
 1936, Hitler sends troops
to the Rhineland
 LON Video
 Mussolini: goes on to
successfully invade
Ethiopia
 LON does little to stop
him
 The LON’s failure to act
in Japan has serious
consequences in Europe.
 LON Video
 Video
 Austria
 Most Austrians favored
unification
 Appeasement!
 The Sudetenland
 Western Czechoslovakia
 Natural resources
 “Last Territorial Demand”
 The Munich Agreement
 Appeasement again!
 Chamberlain: British
Prime Minister on
appeasement:
 “Peace for our time.”
 Churchill: Political rival
in Britain:
 “Britain and France had
to choose between war
and dishonor. They
chose dishonor. They
will have war.”
 Stalin: declared the USSR
would remain neutral
 Hitler: began to use
propaganda to justify an
invasion of Poland
 Nonagression Pact:
 Commitment never to
attack each other
 Hitler now can avoid a 2front war in Europe
 Seals the fate of Poland
 The “Secret Agreement”
 Poland is split in 1/2
 Lil Hitler Video
 September 1, 1939
 Blitzkrieg Components:
 Air Force clears obstacles
using bombing raids
 Tanks follow, intimidate and
destroy remaining targets
 *Present enemy with an
overwhelming force
 Poland conquered in 3 weeks
 Allies have no time to
mobilize
 September 3, 1939: France &
Great Britain declare war on
Germany
 Summer 1940:
 Germans mass on French
coast, prepare for invasion
 Germany prepares by
waging air war first
 LUFTWAFFE
 Goal: Destroy RAF
(Royal Air Force)
 Newsreel Video
 British fight back with
RAF, Hitler’s attempts fail
 Hitler calls of invasion
indefinitely
 Seinfeld Video
 Start @ 2:50
 April 7, 1933: “non Aryans” ordered to
leave government jobs
 Part of Hitler’s campaign for racial
purity
 Scapegoating: anti-Semitism (hatred of
Jews) used to blame Jews for Germany’s
problems
 1935: Nuremburg Laws strip Jews of their
citizenship, jobs and property
 Jews required to wear a bright yellow
Star of David
 “Night of Broken Glass”
 Nazi Storm Troopers attack Jewish
businesses, homes and synagogues across
Germany
 100s killed
 100s injured
 30,000 Jews were arrested
 Jews were then blamed for the
destruction by the Nazis
 Video
 Kristallnacht = marked an increase in the intensity of
Jewish persecution in Germany
 Jews attempting to emigrate faced problems:
 Western countries accepted a few of the “choice”
refugees and no more
 Feared economic consequences
 Anti-Semitism, fear of “foreign agents”
Video
 To preserve the “Master Race”
 Genocide
 Gypsies
 Freemasons
 Jehovah’s Witnesses
 Homosexuals
 Mentally ill
 Disabled
 Ill
 Nazi “Death Squads” rounded up Jewish men,
women, and children and shot them
 Ghettos were created in Polish cities
 Chart p.545
 Concentration Camps (scenes from
(Schindler’s List)
 The Holocaust: A Visual History P.1
 A Walk to the Gas Chamber
 Child Survivor\
 Video 63: The Last Days
 15.4 Guided Reading
 58: Decisions: FDR
 Questions 3 and 4 on page 568 (17.1)
Due today!!! Put in folder on the way out.
Do not forget!
Patton Speech
http://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=t3J9hmCLmvg&feature=rel
ated
http://www.youtube.com/wa
tch?v=Kh9S1Hk975U
 December 22, 1941:
Churchill visits
Washington, D.C.
 3 weeks spent with FDR
finalizing war plans
 Strike Italy and
Germany first, then
focus on Japan
 Both Churchill & FDR
agreed Hitler was a
greater threat than
Japan
Hitler orders submarines to raid ships on East Coast
of United States
Post-Pearl Harbor
Prevent Food/Materials
from reaching allies
 Results of Convoys &
Shipbuilding
programs in the
United States:
 German U-Boats
First 7 Months of 1942
Germans sank 681 Allied ships
sunk faster than
they can be built
 US Ships are built
faster than they are
being sunk
 *War in the Atlantic
Allies Organize the Convoy System
Warship Escorts
1943: US launches
shipbuilding program
favors the Allies
 Britain keeps its
lifeline!
 The Tuskegee Airmen
 Buffalo Soldiers
 Nisei Soldiers
 In England: Allies gather




force of 3 million men
Objective: Liberate
Western Europe from
Germany
OPERATION
OVERLORD
Commander: Dwight D.
Eisenhower
Phantom Army: Secrecy
 Pretended to plan
invasion at Port of Calais
 Actually planned
invasion of Normandy
 D-Day: Code name for
Allied invasion at
Normandy
 June 6, 1944: largest landsea invasion in history
 Fighting lasted 7 days
 Results:
 Allies control 80 mile strip
of France
 Within 1 month, 1 million
troops are landed
 1944: France, Luxembourg
and Belgium are liberated
 FDR elected to 4th Term
 “Why change horse in mid-
stream.”
http://www.youtube
.com/watch?v=D_K
DDptfPhk
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8a8fqGpHgsk
Battle of
the Bulge
 Video (viewer discretion) Liberation of camps
 Soviets get to Berlin first
 Hitler commits suicide in underground bunker
 Eisenhower accepts unconditional surrender
 V.E. Day: May 8, 1945
 F.D.R. Dies FDR Died — April 12, 1945 (age 63) in Warm
Springs, Georgia, USA
 Hitler commits suicide Adolf Hitler Died — April 30, 1945
(age 56) in Berlin, Germany
Harry Truman sworn in as President
Assignment: 17.2 Chart. Timeline of events.
Mussolini’s End
http://www.y
outube.com/
watch?v=fchJ
gbA1myk
 Japanese took over much of South/east Asia in
the 6 months after Pearl Harbor
 General Douglas MacArthur abandons the
Phillipines
 “I Shall Return”
 Bataan Death March
 Gen. MacArthur returns
 Battle of the Midway (Island)
 Turning point in the Pacific War
 The beginning of our “Island Hopping” strategy to
reach Japan
 10 min documentary
 Japanese Kamikaze strategy
 Iwo Jima
 Critical Island for a bomber base
 Possibly the most heavily defended spot on
earth
 Manhattan Project (shh: top secret)
 J. Robert Oppenheimer
 1st test: Alamogordo, New Mexico
 Hiroshima: President Truman warned Japan that
if faced “prompt and utter destruction” unless it
surrendered
 Destruction video
 Enola Gay
 Hiroshima & Nagasaki
 Over 200,000 people killed
 Japan surrenders
 HW: point/counterpoint p.585 Q’s 1/2
 Yalta Conference: The Big 3?
 Germany “temporarily” divided into 4 zones
 Stalin promised to allow free elections in Soviet
occupied countries
 USSR declared war against Japan
 All agreed to a conference to create the United
Nations
 Nuremberg Trials
 24 surviving Nazi leaders put on trial for crimes
against humanity
 ½ sentenced to death
 Occupation of Japan (MacArthur)
Video
Rap
Video
Video
 The End