Transcript File - Pathway Tutoring

Fascism in
Italy & Germany
1919
1939
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Terms—Fascism & Nazism
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Benito Mussolini (d. 1945)
March on Rome (October 1922)
“Il Duce” (The Leader)
National Socialist German Workers’ Party=Nazi Party
Adolf Hitler
Beer Hall Putsch (1923)
Mein Kampf (1923)
Chancellor (January 1933)
Enabling Act (March 1933)
Fuhrer
Gestapo / SS
Dachau (1933)
Nuremberg Laws (1935)
Kristallnacht (1938)
Totalitarian Dictatorship
fascism
fasces 
on an Italian coin from 1923
Benito
Mussolini
1883-1945
Mussolini's Black Shirts
March on Rome—October 1922
March on Rome—October 1922
Victor
Emmanuel
III
1869-1947
Il Duce—The Leader
totalitarianism
a system where the government
controls every aspect
of people’s lives.
Benito
Mussolini
&
Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler
1889-1945
Germany after Treaty of Versailles, 1919
Weimar Republic
Stab in the Back
Hitler During WWI
National Socialist Workers Party
=
Nazi Party
Leaders of the 1923
Munich “Beer Hall Putsch”
Hitler in Prison
Adolf Hitler
1889-1945
Mein Kampf
Lebensraum
Adolf Hitler
and
Nazi Party
early 1920s
“Work and
Bread”
Nazi
campaign poster
during
Great Depression
1929-1933
Paul von
Hindenburg
1847-1934
Hitler becomes chancellor
Reichstag Fire – February 1933
Reaction to the Reichstag Fire
Order of the Reich President for the Protection of People and State
• On the basis of Article 48 paragraph 2 of the Constitution of the
German Reich, the following is ordered in defense against
Communist state-endangering acts of violence:
§ 1. Articles 114, 115, 117, 118, 123, 124 and 153 of the Constitution
of the German Reich are suspended until further notice. It is
therefore permissible to restrict the rights of personal freedom
[habeas corpus], freedom of opinion, including the freedom of
the press, the freedom to organize and assemble, the privacy of
postal, telegraphic and telephonic communications, and
warrants for house searches, orders for confiscations as well as
restrictions on property, are also permissible beyond the legal
limits otherwise prescribed. . . .
Enabling Act (1933)
Nazi Officials, ca., 1933
Nazi Public Works Project, early 1930s
Women Workers Participate in “Strength Through Joy” Outing
Hitler
idealized
Hitler Idealized
Hitler Loves Children
Nazi Party Rally, 1936 (Image from “Triumph of the Will”)
Nazi Rally--Nuremberg
Nazi Rally--Nuremberg
Nazi Rally--Nuremberg
Book Burning, 1933
Dachau
AntiJewish
Boycott
1933
“Law for the Restoration
of the Civil Service” (1934)
Jews banned from
government service
Nuremberg Laws (1935)
• Deprived Jews of all citizen rights –
legalized racism
Nuremberg Laws (1935)
• defined “Jew”
– anyone with one Jewish grandparent
• stripped Jews of German citizenship
• could not marry non-Jews
• limited Jews to Jewish names
Kristallnacht
(Night of the Broken Glass)
November 1938
“Only for Aryans”
Nazi Poster,
saving for a
Volkswagen
totalitarianism
a system where the government
controls every aspect
of people’s lives.
Origins of
World War II—The
Road to War
1919
1945
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Terms—The Road to War
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Greater Germany
Lebensraum
Appeasement
Maginot Line
Ethiopia (1935 – 1936)
Rhineland (1936)
Rome-Berlin Axis (1936)
Spanish Civil War (1936 – 1939)
Franco
Anschluss (1938)
Sudeten
Czechoslovakia
Neville Chamberlain
Munich Agreement (1938)
Winston Churchill
Prague (March 1939)
Adolf Hitler
1889-1945
Mein Kampf
Lebensraum—
”Living space for
the master race”
appeasement
Germany
c. 1933
German troops reoccupy Rhineland, 1936
Opening Ceremonies of 1936
Olympic Games in Berlin
Opening Ceremonies of the
1936 Olympic Games in Berlin
Timeline of the 1930s
• 1933: Hitler becomes Chancellor
Germany leaves League of Nations
• 1934: Non-Aggression Treaty w/ Poland
• 1935: Germany resumes conscription
Naval Treaty w/ Britain
• 1936: Germany reoccupies Rhineland
Benito
Mussolini
&
Adolf Hitler
Germany
Sudetenland
Austria
Anschluss (Spring 1938)
British
Prime Minister
Neville
Chamberlain
meets with
Adolf Hitler
in Munich
September 1938
Chamberlain declares “Peace in Our Time,” 1938
Timeline of the 1930s
• Spring 1938
– German Anschluss with Austria
• Fall 1938
– Germany occupies Sudetenland
• Spring 1939
– Germany occupies Czechoslovakia
Britain & France warn Hitler: “No more.”
Timeline of the 1930s
• Spring 1938
– German Anschluss with Austria
• Fall 1938
– Germany occupies Sudetenland
• Spring 1939
– Germany occupies Czechoslovakia
• August 1939:
– Germany signs Non-Aggression Treaty w/USSR
Germany invades Poland, 1 Sep 1939
Image from TIME
magazine
25 September 1939
World War II
• September 1939
– 1 Sept: Germany invades Poland
– 3 Sept: Britain & France declare war
• Chamberlain’s announcement