Transcript Ch 25.3 pptx

CHAPTER 25 SECTION 3
THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC
WAR IN THE PACIFIC
• IN FIRST SIX MONTHS AFTER PEARL HARBOR, JAPAN
TAKES OVER INDIES, GUAM, WAKE ISLAND, SOLOMON
ISLANDS, ALEUTIAN CHAIN (PART OF ALSAKA), THAILAND,
BURMA, ETC
• DEC 1941 JAPAN GOES FOR PHILIPPINES, GEN.
DOUGLAS MACARTHUR IN CHARGE FOR US (ALLIED
FORCES), BATTLE FOR CONTROL OF ISLAND
• MARCH 11, 1942 US FORCED TO GIVE UP CONTROL OF
PHILIPPINES
• BATAAN DEATH MARCH
• MACARTHUR PROMISES TO RETURN
AMERICA TURNS TO JAPAN
• BEGINS WITH THE DOOLITTLE RAIDS LED BY LT
COLONEL JAMES DOOLITTLE
• RAIDS ON TOKYO AND OTHER JAPANESE CITIES
WITH 16 BOMBERS
• BEGINS TO LIFE AMERICAN SPIRITS
• “TOKYO BOMBED! DOOLITTLE DO-OD IT”
• BATTLE OF THE CORAL SEA
• THE AUSTRALIAN AND AMERICAN ENDEAVOR TO
STOP JAPANESE INVASION TO AUSTRALIA
• 5 DAY BATTLE
• COMPLETED BY AIRCRAFT AND AIR CRAFT CARRIERS
THE BATTLE OF MIDWAY
• AFTER JAPANESE FAILURE TOWARDS AUSTRALIA THEY TURN TO MIDWAY ISLAND
• ADMIRAL CHESTER NIMITZ WAS THE NAVAL COMMANDER DEFENDING THE
ISLAND
• SCOUT PLANES FOUND THE JAPANESE FLEET AFTER AMERICANS HAD BROKEN
THEIR CODE
• TORPEDO PLANES AND DIVE BOMBERS SURPRISED THE JAPANESE WITH AN
ATTACK
• JAPANESE LOST 4 AIRCRAFT CARRIERS, CRUISER AND 250 AIRPLANES
• CONSIDERED THE TURNING POINT OF THE PACIFIC WAR
• BEGAN AMERICAN ISLAND HOPPING
ISLAND HOPPING
• ALLIES PLAN FOR WINNING IN PACIFIC IS ISLAND
HOPPING, GO FROM ISLAND TO ISLAND RECAPTURING
FROM JAPAN AND END UP AT JAPAN
• AUG 1942, (FIRST BATTLE) AT GUADALCANAL IN
SOLOMON ISLANDS. MARKS JAPAN’S FIRST DEFEAT ON
LAND
• OCT 1944, GEN. MACARTHUR RETURN TO THE
PHILIPPINES TO RECLAIM FOR US, BATTLE OF LEYTE GULF,
US WINS
AMERICA TURNS OFFENSIVE
• AMERICA LANDS ON GUADALCANAL
• BECAME THE FIRST JAPANESE DEFEAT ON LAND
• JAPANESE CALLED IT THE “ISLAND OF DEATH”
• GENERAL MACARTHUR RETURNS TO THE
PHILIPPINES AND TAKES IT BACK OVER AS
WELL
• JAPANESE TURN TO KAMIKAZES (SANK 16,
DAMAGING 80)
• BATTLE OF THE PHILIPPINES AND THE LEYTE
GOLF WAS LOST FOR JAPAN
IWO JIMA
• FROM THE PHILIPPINES AMERICA MOVED
TO IWO JIMA
• AMERICA NEEDED TO TAKE IWO JIMA AND
USE IT AS A BASE TO FLY OUT BOMBERS
• JAPAN HEAVILY DEFENDED THE ISLAND
WITH 20,700 TROOPS
• 6,000 AMERICANS DIED TAKING THE
ISLAND, THE GREATEST NUMBER IN THE
PACIFIC
• ONLY 200 JAPANESE SURVIVED
THE BATTLE FOR OKINAWA
• OKINAWA IS THE JAPANESE LAST DEFENSE
• JAPANESE ORDERED 1,900 KAMIKAZE
ATTACKS (SUNK 30, DAMAGED 300 MORE,
KILLED 5,000)
• INVASION STARTED IN APRIL, ENDING IN JUNE
• 7,600 AMERICANS DIED
• 110,000 JAPANESE DIED
• PREDICTION OF THE LOSS OF LIFE IF AMERICA
INVADED JAPAN???????
HOW WILL THE WAR END
• THE MANHATTAN PROJECT
• LED BY J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER
• ONLY 600,000 AMERICANS WERE INVOLVED, KEPT SECRET
• FIRST TEST OF THE BOMB WAS IN JULY 1945 IN NM
• PRESIDENT TRUMAN DECIDED TO DROP TWO BOMBS, JAPANESE WERE
WARNED
• FIRST BOMB DROPPED ON HIROSHIMA AUGUST 6 “LITTLE BOY”
• SECOND BOMB DROPPED ON NAGASAKI AUGUST 6 “FAT MAN” AFTER
REFUSAL TO SURRENDER
• SEPTEMBER 2ND ON THE U.S.S. MISSOURI EMPEROR HIROHITO
SURRENDERS
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Nlvm4UTVM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wA8z94MX
o9M - 9min in
AFTER THE WAR
• REBUILDING BEGINS AT THE YALTA CONFERENCE
• YALTA IS IN THE SOVIET UNION, STALIN, TRUMAN, AND CHURCHILL MET TO
TALK ABOUT GERMANY
• STALIN WANTS A HARSH PUNISHMENT
• CHURCHILL DISAGREED
• TRUMAN ACTED AS A MEDIATOR
• HE WANTS TO KEEP STALIN HAPPY
• NEEDS HIM IN THE PACIFIC THEATRE
• WANTS STALIN TO JOIN A PEACE CONFERENCE (UNITED NATIONS)
• BEFORE THE DROPPING OF THE ATOMIC BOMB
TERMS OF THE CONFERENCE
• GERMANY WAS DIVIDED INTO FOUR AREAS
(ONE FOR FRENCH, GB, AMERICA, AND
SOVIETS)
• LATER TO REUNITE GERMANY
• STALIN WOULD JOIN PACIFIC THEATRE WAR
AND UNITED NATIONS
• STALIN ALSO PROVIDED FOR ELECTIONS IN
POLAND AND OTHER SOVIET OCCUPIED
COUNTRIES
NUREMBURG TRIALS
• HITLER'S DEATH CAMPS GOT GERMANY INTO TROUBLE
• 24 SURVIVING NAZI LEADERS FACED TRIAL FOR CRIMES
AGAINST HUMANITY
• INCLUDED HITLER'S MOST TRUSTED OFFICIALS,
GOVERNMENT MINISTERS, MILITARY LEADERS, AND
INDUSTRY LEADERS
• 12 OF THE 24 WERE SENTENCED TO DEATH THE REST T
PRISON
• 200 MORE NAZIS WENT TO TRIAL AS WELL
• TRIALS PROVED THAT INDIVIDUALS ARE AS GUILTY
AS THOSE WHO GIVE THE ORDERS
ACTION IN JAPAN
• GEN. DOUGLAS MACARTHUR COMMANDED
FORCES TO PUNISH THE JAPANESE
• 7 YEAR OCCUPATION
• INTRODUCED FREE MARKET POLICIES
• GOVERNMENT CHANGES AS WELL
• 1,100 WERE ARRESTED AND PUT TO TRIAL, 7
SENTENCED TO DEATH
• OTHERS TRIED FOR CRIMES AGAINST POW’S
IN THE ISLANDS