Transcript American Revolution

• Begin working on your
worksheet for a few
minutes.
Learning Target
• Students will understand events on
the Eastern that lead to the defeat of
Nazi Germany.
Major Questions to Consider Over
Next Few Weeks:
• (1) How did the U.S. impact the outcome of
WWII, leading to Allied victory?
• (2) Was the decision to drop the atomic bomb by the
United States justified?
• (3) How did the role of the U.S. in world affairs change
because of its involvement in WWII?
All Quiet on the “Eastern Front”
* Most epic and
intense fighting front in
the history of mankind
Operation
Barbarossa
- 22 June – 5 December
1941
- Largest military
operation, land
invasion, and number
of casualties in the
history of warfare.
- Consequence: Opens
up the Eastern Front
Operation
Barbarossa
First Battle of
Kiev (1941)
- Aug. 7 to Sept. 26, 1941
- Nearly the entire
“Southwestern Front”
Soviet Army encircled,
665,000 troops
- Largest number of
prisoners in history of
warfare
- Destruction of Soviet Tank
Armies
Siege of
Leningrad
- Sept. 8, 1941 to Jan. 27, 1944
- Now called “St. Petersburg,”
the cultural center of Russia
- 872-day siege
- Death of 1,500,000 soldiers
and civilians
- 1,400,000 civilians evacuated,
mainly women and children
Diary of Tanya Savicheva
During Siege of Leningrad
- Shown at the
Nuremberg War
Crimes Trials
- She describes
the starvation
faced by her
family …
Two German soldiers outside Moscow, 1941
… I imagine them saying, “Hey Claus, did you pack any winter gear?”
“No Dieter. They told us we’d beat the Soviets in four months.”
Operation
Typhoon & Battle
of Moscow (1941)
- Oct., 1941 to Jan., 1942
- Nazis stall 19 miles outside
Moscow
- Hitler is furious, fires head of
Wehrmacht, and takes over
control
- "This created a cold (chill) in
our relations, a cold (chill)
that could never be
eliminated afterwards.”
Let’s Defend
Moscow
“Case Blue” or
Operation
Brauschweig”
- June, 28 to Nov. 24, 1942
- German offensive to take
the Ukraine and knock
the Soviet Union out of
the war
- Take the oilfields of Baku
(modern-day Azerbaijan)
Battle of Stalingrad
- Sept. 1942 to Feb. 1943
• German advance halted
and Soviets go on the
offensive
• Bloodiest battle in the
history of warfare
Battle of
Stalingrad
- Sept. 1942 to Feb. 1943
• Most strategically decisive battle in
WWII
• 2 million soldiers killed, wounded, or
captured!!
• 144,000 Axis prisoners; 6th Army
destroyed; Wehrmacht never recovers
U.S. Aid and Geography
Casablanca Conference
- Jan. 14 to 24, 1943
• [1] Ground invasion of Western
Europe is delayed a year
• [2] Aerial bombing of Germany
to begin
• [3] Policy of “Unconditional
Surrender” established
• [4] No separate agreements
Strategic Bombing of Germany
* Between Jan., 1943 to May,
1945, it is decided to intensify
strategic bombing of Germany
for two reasons:
- [1] Destroy German
morale
- [2] Destroy German
production capacity
Operation
Saturn
- Dec, 1942 to Feb. 1943
- Soviets exploit their
advantage in southern
U.S.S.R., launching an
offensive
Battle of Kursk
- July & Aug., 1943
- German Offensive, code
named “Operation Citadel”
- Last major German offensive on
Eastern Front
- Largest tank battle in
history
- Only time in WWII
the German
blitzkrieg is
ineffective
Tehran Conference
* Following
Agreements:
- Nov. 28 to Dec. 1, 1943
[1] Invasion of W. Europe
[2] Soviet Union offensive
once W. Europe front
opened up
[3] Germany divided
[4] Soviet Union would
help U.S. against Japan,
once Germany was
defeated
[5] All parties agree to an
international peacekeeping organization
Remember when Stalin
agreed to launch an
offensive when the Allies –
United Kingdom and the
United States – invaded
Western Europe?
Operation
- “Maskirovka”
Bagration
- June 2 to Aug. 19, 1944
-
Lvov-Sandomierz
Soviet Offensive
Offensive - July 13 to Aug. 29, 1944
- Almost complete
- These offensives
destruction of Nazi
lead to the Soviet
“Army Group Center.”
repossession of
- Largest German
Belarus and Ukraine
defeat in WWII
- Almost complete
liberation of
western Soviet
Union
- Soviet Offensive
- Almost complete
destruction of
Nazi “Army Group
South.”
- Soviets advance
through Ukraine
into Romania
Vistula–Oder
Offensive
- Jan. 12 to Feb. 22, 1945
- Soviet Offensive covers 300 miles
from Vistula River in U.S.S.R. to 43
miles from Berlin
Battle of Berlin
- April 20 to May 2, 1945
- Soviet Union takes Berlin, Hitler commits
suicide, and Germany surrenders the city
- V-E Day – May 8, 1945