Transcript 16.4 The Allies Are Victorious

16.4 The
Allies Are
Victorious
Audrey Gilmore
Chris Fox
Kevin Dowe
Allies Plan for Victory
• Winston Churchill and
President Roosevelt
meet at the White
House and develop a
joint war policy
• Stalin wants to form
two fronts, weakening
and separating the
German forces.
The Tide Turns on Two Fronts
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North African Campaign
-1942: General Erwin Remmel- led German
forces and took key port city of Toburk.
-General Bernard Montgomery- led British
forces and took axis soldiers by surprise;
launching the Battle of El Alamein, pushing
Rommel’s army westward.
-General Dwight D. Eisenhower- led the
allied force of 107,000 troops in Operation
Torch.
-May 1943: Desert Fox’s Afrika Korps was
smashed.
Turning Point at Stalingrad
-1942-1943: Battle of Stalingrad- German
forces lose in attempt to capture city of
Stalingrad in the Soviet Union.
-The city of Stalingrad was 99% destroyed
after the battle, but it put the German forces
on the defensive side.
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The Invasion of Italy
-While the Battle of Stalingrad was occurring,
the British and the American forces invade
Italy.
-On July 10th, 1943, Allies attack Sicily and
capture by August
-July 25: King Victor Emmanuel III fires and
arrests Mussolini, taking him temporally out
of power.
-September 3: Italy surrenders
- Germany takes over Northern Italy, puts
Mussolini back into power, until Germany fell
in May 1945. Mussolini was found disguised
as a German soldier and was shot.
Life on Allied Home Fronts
• Mobilizing for Total War
-To defeat the Axis powers, total
war was required to be set in
place.
-In the United States, factories
would stop production of its
product and would start
producing weapons, tanks, boots,
etc.
-To further inspire people, the
Allied forces conducted effective
propaganda campaigns.
• Japanese Americans Imprisoned
-The government’s propaganda
also had a negative effect.
-After the bombing of Pearl
Harbor, Japanese Americans were
displayed as “the enemy” and a
program of internment and
property loss was set up.
-March 1942: Military forces
began rounding up “aliens” and
shipping them to relocation
camps. Some of the supposed
“aliens” were American citizens
of Japanese descent.
Allied Victory in Europe
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The D-Day Invasion
-D-Day- June 6, 1944; day in which the Allied
forces began their invasion of the European
mainland.
-The allied force, led by Dwight Eisenhower,
attacked the coast of Normandy.
-August 25, 1944: the Allied force made its
way into Paris. By September, they liberated
France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and much of
the Netherlands.
Battle of the Bulge
-Allied forces moved into the western front
of Germany, while the Soviet army moved
into the eastern front, forcing Hitler to fight
on two fronts.
-Battle of the Bulge- last major battle in
Germany, the Allies pushed the Germans
back and defeated them.
•
Germany’s Unconditional Surrender
-After the win in the Battle of the Bulge,
three million Allied soldiers and six million
Soviet troops surrounded the city of Berlin.
-Soviet artilleries shelled Berlin, while Hitler
married his companion, Eva Braun. His final
address blamed the war on the Jews and he
blamed his generals for losing it. Hitler shot
himself after him and his wife drank poison.
-May 7, 1945: General Eisenhower accepted
the unconditional surrender of the Third
Reich from the German military. The
surrender was officially signed in Berlin,
ending the war in Europe.
Victory in the Pacific
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The Japanese Retreat
-Kamikaze-Japanese suicide pilots that would sink Allied ships by crashing into
them with bomb filled planes.
-American Marines took Iwo Jima and Okinawa, Japanese lost 110,000 troops,
while the Americans lost only 12,500
The Atomic Bomb Brings Japanese Surrender
-President Truman decides to make the first atomic bomb to use against Japan to
bring about the quickest end to the war in the Pacific.
-After setting off the first ever atomic bomb in the desert of New Mexico,
President Truman sent a warning to the Japanese saying that if they did not
surrender they could expect “rain of ruin from the air”. The Japanese never
replied.
-On August 6, 1945, the United States dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima,
killing almost 73,000 people. Three days later, second bomb was dropped on
Nagasaki, killing about 37,500 people.
-September 2, 1945: The Japanese surrender to General Douglas MacArthur on
the US battleship Missouri in Tokyo Bay. This surrender brought about the end of
World War II
Quiz
1. What did General Bernard Montgomery
contribute to the war?
a. he led the American side in the Battle of
the Bulge
b. he led the British forces in North Africa,
pushed Rommel’s army westward.
c. supported Hitler's theories and led many
of his armies during the war.
2. What was the outcome of the dropping of the
Atomic Bomb?
a. Japanese surrendered to General
Douglas MacArthur, brought about the end
of WWII
b. Japanese planned to create an atomic
bomb for revenge, but failed
c. the war continued for two more years
until the Japanese surrender.
3. What battle led to the end of war in Europe?
a. Battle of Stalingrad
b. D-day
c. Battle of the Bulge
4. What is NOT one of the effects of propaganda
in the United States?
a. Raised awareness and support of the war.
b. Made Japanese Americans look like “the
enemy”
c. Lowered the amount of supplies the
American troops needed.
5. Who did the German forces surrender to?
a. General Bernard Montgomery
b. General Dwight D. Eisenhower
c. General Erwin Rommel
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A-bomb
Allies
Axis powers
Battle of Stalingrad
Battle of the Bulge
Berlin
Bernard Montgomery
D-Day
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Erwin Remmel
Hiroshima
Kamikaze
Mussolini
Propaganda
Soviets