Transcript WWII 2
1 2 3 4 5 6 •EFFECTS OF U-BOAT WARFARE •CONVOYS OF MERCHANT SHIPS •STATISTICS OF LOSSES AND SHIP CONSTRUCTION 7 8 Chart of Allied merchant ships sunk by German submarines (uboats) from 1939-1945 4000 3500 3000 2500 SHIPS SINK 2000 U-BOATS SUNK 1500 1000 500 TA L TO 19 45 19 44 19 43 19 42 19 41 19 40 19 39 0 9 10 Defense spending increased as the U.S. realizes it must prepare for eventual war against the aggressors. 6 5 4 3 billions of dollars 2 1 0 1940 1941 11 THE ROBIN MOOR WAS CLEARLY MARKED AS A MERCHANT VESSEL FROM THE USA 12 Convoys increased the merchant ships chances of surviving the ocean voyage 13 AREA OF GREATEST DANGER FOR ALLIED MERCHANT SHIPS 14 CONVOY ROUTES AND ANTI-SUBMARINE AIR PATROLS 15 •OPERATION BARBAROSSA •SOVIET WINTER 1941-1942 COUNTERATTACK •GERMAN SUMMER 1942 OFFENSIVE •BATTLE OF STALINGRAD •BATTLE OF KURSK 16 Newsreel on Germany’s attack on the USSR: there are a few problems with the audio and video. 17 The world is shocked when Germany and the USSR sign a Non-Aggression Pact, promising not to attack each other 18 HITLER WANTED TO AVOID A TWO FRONT WAR 19 20 THE GERMAN ARMY, WERMACHT, INVADED THE SOVIET UNION WITH 3,400,000 SOLDIERS AND OVER 3000 TANKS. THE SOVIET UNION HAD AN ARMY OF OVER 4,700,000 WITH MILLIONS MORE IN RESERVE. THE USSR HAD 20,000 TANKS BUT MANY WERE OBSELETE AND NO MATCH FOR THE GERMAN PANZERS (TANKS). 5,000,000 4,500,000 4,000,000 3,500,000 3,000,000 2,500,000 2,000,000 1,500,000 1,000,000 500,000 0 INFANTRY GERMANY USSR 21 Although the USSR had more of everything, most of their equipment was out of date and could not stand up to modern German weapons; however, the new KV1 and T34 Russian tanks in Modern USSR were superior to German tanks. 20000 18000 16000 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 TANKS PLANES ARTILLERY GERMANY USSR MODERN USSR 22 T34 RUSSIAN MEDIUM TANK SUPERIOR TO ANY GERMAN TANK AT THE TIME, 1941 23 OPERATION BARBAROSSA 24 A GERMAN ANTI-TANK GUN CREW EASILY DESTROYS OUTMODED RUSSIAN TANKS. GERMAN COMBAT ENGINEERS REPAIR A BRIDGE DESTROYED BY THE RETREATING RUSSIANS 25 26 GERMANS ADVANCE ACROSS USSR 27 BATTLE OF MOSCOW Moscow 28 THE GERMANS WERE PUSHED BACK BUT THEY REGROUPED AND WERE READY TO ATTACK THE NEXT SPRING AFTER BEATING BACK SOVIET COUNTERATTACKS. RUSSIAN POSTER ENCOURAGING TROOPS TO DEFEND MOSCOW 29 RUSSIAN MIXED TANK AND SKI INFANTRY TEAM ADVANCE ON GERMAN POSITIONS. 30 SOLDIERS KILLED, WOUNDED, CAPTURED OR MISSING FROM JUNE 1941 TO JAN 31, 1942. USSR NUMBERS INCLUDE 3.35 MILLION SOLDIERS CAPTURED 5000000 4000000 3000000 GERMAN USSR 2000000 1000000 0 LOSSES 31 German 1942 offensives in the Soviet Union STALINGRAD CAUCASUS 32 33 PHOTOS FROM THE BATTLE OF STALINGRAD 34 RUSSIAN ASSAULT TEAM ARMED WITH FLAME THROWERS AND SUBMACHINE GUNS PREPARES TO ATTACK 35 36 STALINGRAD: A CITY IN RUINS 37 THE RUSSIANS SPRING A TRAP ! 1 While the Germans were engaged in vicious fighting inside Stalingrad the Russians prepared a counterattack named Operation Uranus, succeeded in surrounding the German 6th army. Arrow one shows the ultimate goal of the Russian attack: to cut off the German armies fighting in the Caucasus mountains. 38 1400 14000 1200 12000 1000 GERMAN RUSSIAN 10000 800 GERMAN RUSSIAN 600 8000 6000 400 4000 200 2000 0 0 ARTILLERY GUNS TANKS PLANES STATISTICS AT THE START OF OPERATION URANUS 1012000 1010000 1008000 1006000 1004000 1002000 1000000 998000 996000 994000 GERMAN RUSSIAN MEN 39 HITLER’S TROOPS ARE STOPPED 40 THE GERMANS RETREATED HUNDREDS OF MILES BEFORE THEY HALTED, COUNTERATTACKED AND STOPPED THE SOVIET WINTER 42-43 OFFENSIVE 41 GERMANS RETREATED FROM STALINGRAD STALINGRAD GERMAN ARMIES 42 The end at Stalingrad: German prisoners, only 5,000 of the 250,000 captured returned after the war 43 IN THE SPRING AND SUMMER OF 1943, HITLER DECIDED ON ANOTHER OFFENSIVE ON THE EASTERN FRONT. THIS WOULD LEAD TO THE GREATEST TANK BATTLE IN HISTORY, THE BATTLE OF KURSK. MAP SHOWS THE SITUATION AFTER THE END OF THE SOVIET 1942 WINTER OFFENSIVE 44 MAP OF THE KURSK BULGE. THE GERMAN GOAL WAS TO SURROUND AND DESTROY ALL THE RUSSIAN ARMIES AND RESERVES DEFENDING THE AREA INSIDE THE BULGE. 45 ARMOR STRENGTH AT THE START OF THE KURSK CAMPAIGN OPERATION CITADEL 16,000 14,000 GERMAN USSR 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 TANKS 46 HEAVY TIGER TANK FERDINAND, HEAVY ASSAULT GUN PANTHER TANK, OFTEN CALLED THE BEST TANK OF WW II THE GERMANS USED NEW ARMORED VEHICLES FOR THEIR KURSK OFFENSIVE 47 GERMAN TIGER TANKS BURNING AT KURSK 48 THE GERMANS SUFFERED HEAVY LOSSES AT THE HANDS OF THE SOVIETS AND THEY COULD NOT RECOVER 100000 18000 16000 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 17500 1500 TANKS ARTILLERY 100000 90000 80000 70000 60000 GERMAN 50000 40000 30000 20000 10000 0 GERMAN MEN NUMBER OF LOST TANKS, ARTILLERY, AND MEN 49 Film from USSR sources showing Soviet troops fighting 50 •JAPANESE SNEAK ATTACK ON PEARL HARBOR •JAPAN’S CONQUESTS IN ASIA •BATTLE OF THE CORAL SEA •BATTLE OF MIDWAY, TURNING POINT IN THE PACIFIC THEATER 51