Transcript Cairo, Egypt- November 1943

DO NOW:
The roots of the Cold War can be
found in the period of Allied
cooperation during World War II.
What 4 specific pieces of evidence
support this statement?
Diplomacy & Conferences
Casablanca, Morocco- January 1943
FDR and Churchill agree to invade Sicily and demand unconditional
surrender from the Axis powers.
Cairo, Egypt- November 1943
FDR, Churchill urge Chiang Kai-shek to fight until the Japanese
surrendered unconditionally and promise China that Taiwan and
Manchuria will be returned and Korea would be free and independent.
Tehran, Iran- November 1943
FDR, Churchill and Stalin agree that the British and Americans will open
a second front in the spring of ’44 to liberate France and after the defeat
of Germany, the Soviets will eventually join the war against Japan.
“The Big Three” at Yalta
Yalta, Soviet Union- February 1945
FDR, Churchill and Stalin
Yalta agreement mirrored a new balance of power.
• Stalin promised to declare war on Japan after the surrender of
Germany (on August 8, he does).
• Promises to Chiang Kai-shek are broken when Allies concede
Manchuria and territories lost in Russo-Japanese war to Soviet
Union.
• Agreement to partition Germany into occupation zones.
• Agree to form the United Nations- a permanent international
organization for collective security.
• Stalin promises to allow free elections in Poland and liberated
countries of Eastern Europe.
What happened to FDR in
April 1945?
Postdam, Germany- July-August 1945
Truman, Atlee and Stalin could barely agree to demilitarize Germany
and punish Nazi war criminals as Soviet-American relations continued
to deteriorate.
Truman issued an order that the atomic bomb be dropped if Japan had
not surrendered by August 3. Then he warned Japan to surrender
unconditionally or face “prompt and utter destruction.” The Japanese
rejected the offer.
The roots of the Cold War can be
found in the period of Allied
cooperation during World War II.
Cold War
1945-1990s
US vs. USSR
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Delay in opening second front during war
Red army overruns Eastern Europe
Stalin breaks promise at Yalta
Arms race
Division of Germany
The End of World War II and the Aftermath
VE and VJ day
United Nations
UN Convention on Genocide
UN Declaration of Human Rights
Nuremberg Trials
“1945: A Year in History,” Roy Hoopes
“It was perhaps, the most significant year of the century.”
“…this was a year during which civilization passed from one
era into another.”
“The war changed America and the world forever… the world
has never been the same since 1945.”