Transcript New Unit Unit C: From Life to Lifestyle

Biology Unit
Unit C: From Life to Lifestyle
Science 14 and 10-4 with Mrs M
Biology Unit C: Life to Lifestyle
Chapter 8:
Structure and
Function of Plant and
Animal Cells
Chapter 10:
Food for Life
Chapter 9:
Life Functions
to Living
Things
Chapter 11:
Maintaining
Homeostasis
(with Mr. Watts)
8.1 A Closer Look at Cells
We will be looking at the question:
How do cells, which are microscopic and
invisible to the naked eye, work together in
organs and organ systems to carry out life
functions?
Microscope
• A microscope is an optical instrument used for
viewing small objects
Red blood cells
Compound Microscope
• Uses light
Preparing a slide
• Materials:
– glass slide
– medicine dropper
– slip cover
– tweezers
Compound Microscope
• Uses light
Binocular = 2 eyepieces
Monocular = 1 eyepiece
Objective Lenses: As you increase the
magnification the specimen appears larger
4x
10x
40x
100x
Magnification
Electron Microscope
• Uses beam of electrons
Electron Microscope
• Uses beam of electrons
2 types of Electron Microscope
1. TEM: transmission electron microscope
– Focuses a beam of electrons at a very thin
slice of the object under study
– Object is covered in chemicals and is placed
in the vacuum-sealed part of the
microscope
– Specimen must be dead to observe it
TEM: high resolution
(1nm)
Bacteria
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fToTFjwUc5M
Electron Microscope
2. SEM: scanning electron microscope
– Beam of electrons is passed over the specimen
being observed
– Creates a 3D image on the computer screen
– Can examine living things
SEM
The World's Most Powerful
Microscope - KQED QUEST
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sCYX_XQ
gnSA
• The hidden world around us documentary
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_h8cr6cg
jAg
8.2 Cell Theory
Living or Non-living?
• Examples of living things:
– Viruses, bacteria, insects, plants, animals
• Non-living things:
– Ice grows, is it living?
– Rocks can be moved, are they living?
• It is living if it:
– Grows
– Reproduces
– Moves or has transportation
• Organelles: little “organs” or parts inside cells
• Cell: Smallest unit of life
• Tissues: cells combined to work together
• Organ: combined tissues to perform specialized
task
• Systems: like respiratory, cardiac, digestive
systems
• Organism: living multi-cellular being
Cell Theory
1. All living things are made up of cells
2. Cells are responsible for structure and
function
3. All cells are reproduced from other living
cells
8.3 Plant and Animal Cell Structures
Animal Cell
Animal Cell
8.4 Cell City
Cell as a hockey rink analogy
Boards = Cell membrane keep crazy fans or bad bacteria out
Ribosomes=
Little red face off dots
Tiny protein-making
factory
Mitochondria =
Power Play Forwards
Referee = Nucleus
Cytoplasm = Ice
Puck = Nutrients
and messengers
passed around
Lysosome:
Net where pucks
disappear
review
• Key terms: microscope (compound and
electron), cell, organelle, living, nonliving,
tissue, organ, system, nucleus, mitochondrion,
cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall,
chloroplast
• 3ab, 6, 8, 10, 11