Transcript WORLD WAR II 1939-1945

WORLD WAR II
1939-1945
CAUSES & EFFECTS
CAUSES IN ASIA
Militaristic Japan was overcrowded
and needed raw materials
 Japan invaded Manchuria (NE China,
industrial) in 1931; Fighting through
1938

CAUSES IN EUROPE

Great Depression- Hitler blames
Jews for economic troubles
CAUSES IN EUROPE

1933 Nazis control government and
begin persecuting Jews; “Final
Solution”- policy of mass
extermination of Jews enacted by
1939
CAUSES IN EUROPE
Rise of Fascism in Germany and Italy
 Fascism- emphasizes loyalty to the state,
obedience to a leader, promise to revive
economy, punish those who brought hard
times, restore nation’s pride; extreme
nationalism, uniforms common
 Fascism is not a clearly defined theory or
program
 Mussolini in Italy; Hitler in Germany;
Franco in Spain

CAUSES IN EUROPE
Civil War in Spain- Hitler & Mussolini
help Fascist leader Franco win
 Hitler and Mussolini’s desire to
expand empires/conquer land
 Mussolini invaded Ethiopia

CAUSES IN EUROPE

Germany, Italy, Japan became allies-

Hitler invaded the Rhineland (on
French border), then Czechoslovakia;
annexes Austria (Anschluss)
Axis Powers
CAUSES IN EUROPE
Munich conference failed to appease
Hitler
 Hitler invaded Poland (1939)
 Cartoon- David Low, Evening Standard
(10th October, 1938)

WORLD WAR II (1939-1945)
Allies (France, Great Britain, Soviet
Union, U.S.)
v.
Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, Japan)
WORLD WAR II (1939-1945)
1939 Hitler (Germany) and Stalin
(Soviet Union) sign a non-aggression
pact- agreement to not fight each
other (secretly agree to divide
Poland)
 1939 Germany invades Poland
(blitzkrieg); Britain and France
declare war on Germany

WORLD WAR II (1939-1945)
1940 France surrenders- Nazis
occupy France
 Battle of Britain begins- Germany
bombs Britain, fails to defeat Britain
 1941 Germany invades Soviet UnionSoviet Union joins Allies

WORLD WAR II (1939-1945)
1941 Japanese attack Pearl Harbor,
Hawaii- U.S. enters war
 1942 Allies invaded North Africa
 1943 Germans surrendered at
Stalingrad (Soviet Union)

WORLD WAR II (1939-1945)

June 1944 D-Day - Allies invade
France and defeat Germans
 Dec. 1944 Battle of the Bulge- Allies
invade and occupy Germany
 Hitler died:
http://www.time.com/time/magazin
e/article/0,9171,902253,00.html
 May 1945 Germany surrenders- war
ends in Europe
WORLD WAR II (1939-1945)
Aug. 1945 U.S. drops atomic bombs
on Japan- Hiroshima and Nagasaki
 Sept. 1945 Japan surrenders- war
ends in Asia

EFFECTS

Holocaust- Six million Jews die in
death camps and Nazi massacres
EFFECTS
Japanese Americans are imprisoned
in internment camps 1941-1946
(30,00+)
 Atomic bombs in Japan kill 110,500
 60 million dead total from war; 50
million uprooted from their homes
 Billions of dollars in property damage

EFFECTS
Communist Parties grow in France
and Italy
 Nuremberg Trials- charge 22 Nazi
leaders with war crimes; 12
sentenced to death
 U.S. occupies and demilitarizes
Japan; Japan adopts new
constitution

EFFECTS
U.S. and the Soviet Union compete to
influence and rebuild Europe
 Cold War- period of conflict between
U.S. and the Soviet Union 1949-1991
