Transcript world war ii allied invasions

Warm Up
1.
2.
3.
4.
What is living space for the Germans called?
What 2 countries does Germany ally with?
Explain Blitzkrieg:
What is the concrete fortress between
France and Germany?
5. The Germans defeat what country June 21st?
6. What is Vichy France?
Warm Up WWII 3 & 4
1. Who is the leader of Great Britain?
2. London is bombed for how many nights straight?
3. For Germany what does not work in the Russian
cold?
4. What happened Dec 7,1941?
5. When do we declare war on Japan?
6. Who declares war on the US?
7. Explain the Bataan Death March:
WORLD WAR II
ALLIED INVASIONS
Unique Weapons of WWII
• Amphibious Tanks
• Rockets
• Flying Saucers!!
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kowjlqwy
5XA
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=noKm3fGcYU&feature=related
War in Africa
• Fighting begins in Africa in 1940 when Italian
forces based in Libya attacked British-controlled
Egypt
– Italy wants an African empire
– The British need to protect the Suez Canal, since it was
the shipping route to the oil fields of the Middle East
– The British eliminate the Italian threat and even
invade Libya – the Italians were now on the defensive
• Feb. 1941 – 30,000 British soldiers capture 130,000
Italian prisoners, gain 500 miles
• Only lost 500 men and Ethiopia is freed
• Hitler steps in and sends the Desert Fox
– The new German and Italian force was called the
Afrika Korps and was led by General Erwin Rommel
• He pushes the British out of Libya and back into
Egypt
• Rommel and the British go back and forth
– The Afrika Korps lacks supplies – Rommel is
outnumbered and has less fire power
– Battle of El Alamein (Oct. 1942)
• British General Montgomery takes advantage of
Rommel’s supply problems
• Rommel retreats 2,000 miles
• Operation Torch – the Allied Invasion of Africa
– Stalin wants the Allies to invade Europe to open up a
second front
• The U.S. and especially the British decide to invade
Africa instead
– Nov. 1942 – three amphibious landings in the French
colonies of Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco
• Led by American general Dwight Eisenhower
• Landed with 107,000 Allied troops and the Vichycontrolled colonies soon joined
• As a result, Germany occupies all of France
– Rommel is in trouble, has Allied forces to the east
and west
• Rommel goes to Berlin to plead for more troops
and weapons
– May 1943 the Afrika Korps surrenders and the war in
Africa is over
• 250,000 Axis soldiers taken prisoner and the Allies
control all of North Africa
Invasion of Italy
• Known as Operation Husky (June 1943)
– The Allies invade the island of Sicily first
– The Italians remove Mussolini from power
• Italy leaves the war in September
• Sicily is captured a few weeks later
– The Allies next invade mainland Italy
• Germany sends Rommel to defend northern Italy
• German resistance slows the Allies
• They reach Rome by May 1944
• Don’t gain total control of Italy until five days
before Germany surrenders
Battle of the Atlantic and Berlin
• Battle of the Atlantic
– Germany relied once again on U-boats since they
couldn’t match the battleships of Great Britain
• The German U-boat fleet consisted of 400 subs
• They fought in wolf packs for protection
• Sank 2,452 merchant ships and 174 warships at a
cost of thousands of lives and millions of dollars
– Eventually the Allies won control of the Atlantic
• Better-equipped convoys that hunted and
destroyed the U-boats
• Allies had broken the German code, knew the
location of the U-boats
• Battle of Berlin
– November 1943 to spring 1944
• Allies bomb Berlin and other cities
• Also bomb railways and infrastructure in France
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=szTGXeLk2
Jg&feature=mfu_in_order&list=UL
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nJVcRqqfd
bs&feature=related
Tehran Conference
• Nov. 1943 – meeting of the Allied Powers
– Main issue was the plan to launch the cross-channel
invasion
– Decide to create the United Nations to replace the
failed League of Nations
• Would be dominated by Britain, U.S., the Soviet
Union, and France
Invasion of France
• American generals Eisenhower and Marshall are
put in charge
– Assemble and train troops, also develop specialized
equipment to transport troops and tanks across the
channel
– Fake out Hitler – complex plan to mislead Hitler
about where the invasion would take place
• Hitler doesn’t know where the attack will happen,
sends Rommel to defend the coast of several
nations
• Rommel builds the Atlantic Wall
• D-Day June 6, 1944
– Operation Overlord – Allied forces invade France
– 150,000 troops land on the beaches of Normandy
and force their way through German defenses
– High amount of casualties, but D-Day was a huge
victory
• With the beaches secured, more Allied troops sent in
– 1 million soldiers in France by the end of June
– The Allies quickly reconquered most of France and
Paris is freed in August
Battle of the Bulge
• Dec. 1944 – the Germans launch a massive
counterattack in Belgium
– The Germans advance, creating a bulge in the Allied
battle lines
– By Jan. 1945 the Allies regain the land and crush the
German offensive
• Within two months the Allied forces had crossed the
Rhine River into Germany and were racing towards
Berlin
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gZgKo46X
8CI
Allied Invasions
Allies
Invade
Code
Name
Who does Hitler
send to defend
Warm Up WWII 5 & 6
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Island hopping:
Turning point in the war in the pacific:
What country wants an African Empire?
Who is the German general in Africa?
American general in Africa:
Allied invasion of Africa is called?
Operation Husky invades what country?
How does the US defeat German U boats?
Warm Up
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Who is the leader of Great Britain?
London is bombed for how many nights straight?
What stops the German advance?
What happened Dec 7,1941?
When do we declare war on Japan?
When do we declare war on Germany and Italy?
Operation Husky invades what country?