Transcript The First Atomic Bombs Manhattan Project and the Atomic Bomb

The First Atomic Bombs
Manhattan Project and the
Atomic Bomb
Andrew Tozzi
Overview
• In 1942, FDR gave the highest national priority
to the development of the Atom Bomb.
• The First Atomic Bombs to ever be used were
dropped on the Japan cities of Nagasaki, and
Hiroshima.
• Around 100,000 people were killed in Hiroshima,
6 lived.
• The Manhattan Project cost billions of dollars
and employed tens of thousands of people.
The Bomb and its effects
• The Bomb was dropped at 8:15 and exploded 43
seconds later above the city.
• The temperature from the bomb ranged from 7,200 to
1000 degrees Fahrenheit.
• Thousands were instantly killed, they were vaporized
from the heat.
• Other people were disfigured, with limbs melted from
their bodies
• The heat melted the eyeballs of some people who stared
at the blast.
• The blast was equivalent to 12,500 tons of tnt.
• Only 6,000 buildings out of 76,000 buildings weren’t
damaged, 48,000 were completely gone, or leveled.
Who, Where, What, Why, When, How
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Who?
FDR gave the orders to start to develop the atom bomb.
The Atomic Bomb was developed by scientists studying the atoms in uranium, a certain type of
metal.
Many Jewish scientists fled Germany to the United States, and helped develop the bomb.
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bomb- Hiroshima, Japan.
bomb- Nagasaki, Japan.
Alamogordo airbase in New Mexico was where the first atomic bomb test took place.
This explosion’s shock waves were so great that they broke a window 125 miles away, and so
bright that a blind women insisted that she was the flash.
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What?
The Manhattan project was the codename for the creation of the atom bomb, its was FDR’s idea
to develop the bomb.
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Why?
FDR thought that Germany was also creating an atomic bomb, so he felt that we needed to make
one first.
President Harry S. Truman thought the atomic bomb would force Japan to surrender.
2nd
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Where?
1st
August 14, 1945- Japan surrenders
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When?
The first bomb was dropped on Japans city of Hiroshima August 6th, 1945.
The second bomb was dropped on Nagasaki 3 days later on August 9th, 1945.
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How?
During the 1930’s German scientists learned that when a single atom of Uranium split, it released
a very large amount of energy into the atmosphere.
Enola Gay
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The Enola Gay was a B-29 aircraft that was apart of the 509th composite Group.
Since the Atomic Bomb weighs so much the aircraft had to be modified. They gave it
new propellers, stronger engines, and faster bomb bay doors. Even after being
modified the plane still needed a full runway to get the necessary speed, even then, it
did not lift off until it was near the waters edge.
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The aircraft was escorted by two other bombers that carried cameras, and many
different measuring devices. Three planes went before the Enola Gay to make sure
that the weather conditions over the possible target.
How did they choose their targets?
• There were four cities chosen as possible targets,
Hiroshima, Kokura, Nagasaki, and Niigata. Kyoto was
the first choice until it was removed from the list by
Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson. They chose these
cities because at that point in the war, they have been
relatively untouched. The Target Committee wanted the
bomb to be as great as it had been built up to be.
• At 8:15 local time Hiroshima was having clear weather,
the Enola Gay’s door opened and dropped “Little Boy”.
Quizes
• What was the name of the aircraft carrying
the Atomic bomb?
• The bombs were dropped on Nagasaki
and Los Angeles T F
• The first bomb was dropped on August 6
1944 T F
Works cited
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America at War. New York: Facts on File, inc, 2003.
The First Atomic Bomb Blast, 1945. Ibis Communications, Inc., 14 Aug. 2003. Web.
25 Mar. 2010. <www.eyewitnesstohistory.com>.
The Atomic Bomb and the End of World War II. William Burr, 5 Aug. 2005. Web. 30
Mar. 2010. <http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB162/index.htm>.
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The Day the Earth Shook. St. Martin's Press, 7 Aug. 1995. Web. 30 Mar. 2010.
<http://www.boisestate.edu/history/ncasner/hy210/hirosima.htm>.
United States History. Boston: Werner Lapsanky, 2008.
Weapons or World War II. Edina: Abdo Company, inc, 2003.
Pictures
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http://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/japan-surrenders-world-war-2-ends-8.jpg
http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB162/nagasaki-1a.jpg