Transcript Europe in Flames

Europe in Flames
World War II by the Numbers
World War II by the Numbers
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6
74
3
58
288
464
24,997
• 416,000
• 10,700,000
Years of war, 1939 to 1945
Million killed, civilian and military
Continents- Europe, Asia and Africa
Number of countries who lost soldiers
Billion dollars spent by the U.S.
Number of U.S. Sherman tanks in 1940
Number of U.S. Sherman tanks produced in 1942
(outnumbered Germany)
Americans KIA
Soviets KIA
World War II
CausesRise of dictatorships in
Europe
Failure of the League of
Nations
German expansion in
Europe
Japanese expansion in
Asia
EffectsThe United States
becomes the most
powerful nation on earth
Europe is divided into
east and west, democratic
and communist
The United Nations is
created
Goodbye colonialism
Status of nations during the Second World War.
dark green — Allies before the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor;
light green — Allied countries that entered the war after Pearl
Harbor;
orange — Axis powers;
grey — countries that were neutral during the war.
Open Note Quiz for 1-25-08
1. Write down two of the three axis powers:
Open Note Quiz for 1-25-08
2. Which country suffered the most casualties
during World War II?
Open Note Quiz for 1-25-08
3. Which of the following was NOT a reason for British
and French appeasement of Germany:
A. Europeans were tired of war and wanted to
prevent another one.
B. Britain needed more time to rebuild her armed
forces.
C. Britain was more concerned with her military
assets in the Pacific and the rise of Japan.
D. Western Europe figured Hitler would stop
expanding after annexing The Sudetenland.
Open Note Quiz for 1-25-08
4. What was the U.S. position towards the
outbreak of war in Europe in 1939?
A. Alliance with Great Britain and France
B. Neutrality
C. Alliance with Germany
D. Sit and wait it out and see who comes out on
top
Open Note Quiz for 1-25-08
5. What were two major causes of World War II?
France falls
Only Britain remains
A British soldier searches the London sky for any sign of
German bombers.
By Summer of 1940, only Great Britain stands between
Hitler and total conquest of Europe.
The Fall of France
• June 5, 1940- Hitler launches “Operation: Case
Yellow” and the Western Front is opened.
• June 10- In just TEN days, Paris falls to the Nazis.
France surrenders and a pro-German government is
established.
– The same day, President Roosevelt announces a shift from
neutrality to “non-belligerency.” Translation= more support
for the Allies.
The Battle of Britain
• July 10- The first aerial attacks on England by
German forces begins. The Nazis bomb
London and other strategic points with over
thousands of fighters and bombers. Britain
resists and destroys over 1,700 German
planes.
– Failure to control English airspace is a key factor in
the Nazi decision not to launch an invasion across
the English Channel.
Meanwhile back at home in the States• July 20, 1940- Congress authorizes
$4 billion for the construction of a
two-ocean navy.
• Sept. 3- FDR gives 50 American
destroyers to England in exchange
to construct bases in British
territory. This becomes known as
LEND-LEASE.
• Dec. 29- In a year-end “fireside
chat”, Roosevelt promises that
America will be the “arsenal of
democracy”…still no declaration
of war however.
Hitler’s Biggest Mistake
• June 22, 1941- In one of history’s great
military blunders, Hitler orders the wehrmact
into the Soviet Union.
– Code-named “Operation: Barbarossa”, Hitler
orders the invasion of Russian territory and the
Eastern front is born. The Nazi-Soviet
Nonaggression Pact is dead and once again
Germany is faced with a two-front war.
• These are the darkest days of the war.
America on the Move
1941-1945
An American child cashes
in his ration card for a can of
tomatoes.
Review
• 1938- Japan attacks Manchuria in mainland China for natural
resources.
• 1939- Germany breaks Munich agreement and invades Poland.
• 1940- Hitler’s army invades France. Paris falls in 10 days.
• 1941- Germany invades the Soviet Union, breaking the NaziSoviet Nonaggression Pact. Poland was to have been divided.
Lesson: Don’t make deals with Germany.
• 1941- Japan attacks Pearl Harbor.
• End of 1941- FDR orders an incredible mobilization of America’s
industries to prepare the United States for a two-front war.
• Roosevelt delivers his famous “Four Freedoms” speech
declaring that every human being should have the freedom of
speech, religion, freedom from want and freedom from fear.
Review
• “Lend-Lease”- The U.S. was already supplying Great Britain
with destroyers in exchange for using British bases
• By mid-1942, things did not bode well for the allies.
• Hitler lacked only Great Britain to complete his conquest of
Europe.
• The Russians had been driven back to their capital, Moscow.
• America had entered the war but was not yet prepared to fight
both Germany and Japan at the same time.
• The U.S. government had begun to “relocate” 100,000
Japanese-Americans to internment camps across the American
west.
Which is the concentration and which is
the internment camp?
So how do we get from this…
to this…
Mobilization
• Mobilization was a national effort that took
the work of the entire country.
• Government and businesses worked together
to get the tanks built and the planes flying.
FDR visits a munitions plant
Index of American Manufacturing
Output (1939 = 100)
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
Aircraft
245
630
1706
2842
2805
Munitions
140
423
2167
3803
2033
Shipbuilding
159
375
1091
1815
1710
Aluminum
126
189
318
561
474
Rubber
109
144
152
202
206
Steel
131
171
190
202
197
Don’t forget to save your scraps…
Or else…
Even Walt Disney helped out…
Even Walt Disney helped out…