Transcript The war progresses

The EARLY STAGES
1939-1941
Objectives:
140. Identify the significant role of Winston Churchill
in defending Great Britain during the war.
141. Define blitzkrieg.
142. Describe how Germany quickly gained control of
France in 1940.
143. Identify nations possessed by Germany by 1940.
Objective 140: Identify the significant
role of Winston Churchill in defending
Great Britain during the war.
One of the few to oppose
appeasement of Germany in
1938.
Believed Britain was all that
stood between Germany and
control of all of Europe.
Winston Churchill
Objective 140: Identify the significant role
of Winston Churchill in defending Great
Britain during the war.
Churchill said…
Churchill was elected prime
minister of Great Britain in
1940.
Churchill encouraged all of
Great Britain to dig in and
dedicate themselves to the
cause of standing up to
Hitler.
Some other Churchill quotes:
“All the great things are simple, and many can be expressed in
a single word: freedom, justice, honor, duty, mercy, hope.”
“An appeaser is one who feeds a crocodile, hoping it will eat
him last.”
“We shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be, we
shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing
grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we
shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender.”
“I may be drunk, Miss, but in the morning I will be sober and
you will still be ugly.”
Objective 141: Define blitzkrieg.
Blitzkrieg means “lightning
war”
Fast moving attack strategy
of Germany in early
stages of World War II
The blitzkrieg relied on
tanks rapidly moving in,
airstrikes, and constant
forward motion to push
back the enemy.
Objective 142: Describe how
Germany quickly gained
control of France in 1940.
In the early morning darkness of May 10, the Germans
unleashed their Blitzkrieg against the Netherlands and
Belgium. The attack sent the defending troops reeling. The
roads overflowed with refugees fleeing the front. French and
British troops rushing to the rescue were caught in the
headlong retreat and pushed back. German dive-bombers the Stukas - filled the sky, strafing the retreating mix of
civilians and soldiers with machine gun and bomb. The
Allies fought valiantly but in vain - the German war
machine advanced unperturbed. In England, the invasion
forced Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain to resign, to be
replaced by Winston Churchill.
Objective 142: Describe how
Germany quickly gained
control of France in 1940.
Germany plowed across
the Maginot Line in
May of 1940,
engaging in a
blitzkrieg that would
split France in two.
The German army
pushed north, forcing
the evacuation of
French, British, and
Belgian soldiers on
the English Channel.
Objective 142: Describe how
Germany quickly gained
control of France in 1940.
German soldiers occupied
Paris on June 14, 1940.
This is where the armistice was
signed ending World War I.
When France asked Germany
for an armistice, the
Compiegne Forest was
selected as the site for
negotiations. Why this site?
The armistice was signed in a
railroad car…the same car
where the armistice was
signed ending WWI. It was
removed from a museum,
and placed in the exact spot
from Armistice Day.
Hitler (hand on side) and German Military officers staring at WWI French
Marshall, Maréchal Foch's memorial statue before entering the railway
carriage where will be signed the 1940 armistice, at Compiègne, France.
Objective 143: Identify nations
possessed by Germany by 1940.
Objective 143: Identify nations
possessed by Germany by 1940.
Hitler
controlled:
France
Netherlands
Belgium
Luxembourg
Poland
Austria
Norway
Denmark
Czechoslovakia
…and Italy was
also on the Axis
side.
Objective 144: Identify nations
possessed by Germany by 1942.
Hitler controlled:
France
Netherlands
Belgium
Luxembourg
Yugoslavia
Romania
Hungary
Estonia
Poland
Latvia
Austria
Lithuania
Norway
Greece
Denmark
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
Italy
Objective 145: Recognize the
expansion of japan into asia and
the pacific by 1941.
Japan controlled…
Korea
French Indochina
Manchuria
Taiwan
Sakhalin
Kuril Islands
Parts of China
Objective 146: Describe U.S.-Japanese
relations prior to the attack on
pearl harbor.
Japan expanded in southeast Asia, including attacks on China.
The United States responded with embargos on oil and steel.
Japan froze Americans assets in Asia.
In November 1941, the two nations negotiated in Washington.
Japan demanded embargos be lifted and aid to China ceased.
United States demanded Japan leave China and stop expanding.
Objective 147: Identify the
significance of the attack on pearl
harbor.
• Brought the United States into World War II
• Turned even isolationists into war supporters
• War declared December 8
• Men enlisted in large numbers
• Women went to work in large numbers
• The U.S. went from isolationist to a war
machine throughout the nation.
Avenge pearl harbor
U.S. Entry into World War II
Objective 148: Identify the
strengths and weaknesses of the
Allied Powers.
Weaknesses for
U.S./Allied Forces
• All lands possessed by the
Axis Powers were secured
tightly
• The Axis Powers were better
prepared for war
Strengths for
U.S./Allied Forces
• The Axis Powers were
spread out over a large area
• The Axis Powers were
fighting a two-front war
• The U.S. has almost
unlimited resources