Transcript The Rise of Dictators - Effingham County Schools

World War II
The Rise of Dictators
• Benito Mussolini
• Fascist leader of Italy
• Italy invaded other
countries under
Mussolini
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The Rise of Dictators
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Adolf Hitler
Fascist leader of Germany
Leader of the Nazi Party
He promised to strengthen
Germany’s military and
economy
• Stopped making payments
for WWI
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The Rise of Dictators
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Hideki Tojo
Leader of Japan
Japan invaded China
United States blocked
steel from going to
Japan, and froze assets
• The embargo is why
Japan attacked Pearl
Harbor
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Opposing Forces
• Germany, Italy, and Japan were the Axis
Powers
• Great Britain, France, Russia, and
eventually the United States were the Allied
Powers
War Begins
• Germany invaded Poland in 1939
• Hitler invaded France and then launched the
Battle of Britain in an air campaign
Russia
• Russia and leader Joseph Stalin were first
on the side of Germany
• Hitler broke alliance and invaded Russia
• Russia then joined the Allied Powers
United States
• Most citizens favored isolationism
• Congress passed the Neutrality Acts to keep
U.S. out of war
• Lend-Lease Act of 1941- let Roosevelt lend
allies military supplies
• German U-boats sank American supply
ships
• Roosevelt gave shoot on sight order
Pearl Harbor
• Naval base in Hawaii
• U.S. Pacific fleet
stationed at Pearl
Harbor
• Base attacked by
Japan on December 7,
1941
• 2,300 killed and 19
ships destroyed
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War
• United States declared war on Japan on
December 8, 1941
• Germany and Italy declared war on the
United States on December 11th
European Campaign
• War was fought on three continents:
Europe, Africa, and Asia
• U.S. invaded North Africa in November
1942
• U.S. bombed German positions before land
attack
D-Day
• U.S., Great Britain, and other Allied forces
attacked Germany on Omaha Beach in
Normandy, France
• Over 600 ships, 175,000 soldiers, and
11,000 airplanes were involved
• Over 2, 500, U.S. soldiers died on D-Day
D-Day
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D-Day
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Battle of the Bulge
• Allied forces moved toward Germany
• U.S. and Britain pushed to Germany from
the East and Russia pushed from the West
• Germany made one big push back against
the U.S. and Britain at the Battle of the
Bulge
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
• Only U.S. president to be elected 4 times as
President
• Vacationed in Warm Springs, Georgia at the
“Little White House
• He died in Warm Springs on April 12, 1945
• Harry S. Truman became president
War ends in Europe
• Adolf Hitler commits suicide on April 30,
1945
• May 8, 1945, Germany surrenders and this
day is called V-E day, for Victory in Europe
• Allies free millions in concentration camps
where 11 million people, including 6
million Jews were killed. This is known as
the Holocaust.
War in the Pacific
• The U.S. strategy for defeating Japan was
called “island hopping.” The U.S. would
take one island at a time.
• U.S. bombed major cities in Japan
• President Truman authorizes use of the
atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki,
Japan.
War in the Pacific
• . The reason was so the U.S. would not lose
thousands, maybe millions with a land
attack of Japan
• Japan surrenders on August 14, 1945. This
is known as V-J Day for victory in Japan
WWII facts
• Over 20 million soldiers died and millions
more civilians died
• 400, 000 Americans soldiers were killed
Georgia’s contributions to WWII
• Over 300,000 Georgians served in the
military during WWII and 7,000 Georgians
would die
• Men and women served, but only men saw
combat
• Women take over factory jobs, become
nurses, build ships and planes, and join the
military
Georgia’s contributions to WWII
• Bell Aircraft in Marietta builds B-29
bombers
• Liberty ships were built in Savannah and
Brunswick ports
• Georgia farmers grew more cotton, food
crops, and peanuts for oil. They provided
dairy products and meat for the soldiers.
Georgia’s Military Bases
• Camp Stewart-trained troops with anti-aircraft
guns
• Camp Gordon- used for infantry, tank training,
and POW camp
• Camp Benning- Home of the First Infantry
Division, Airborne training and officer Candidate
school for the Army
• Warner Robins Air Force Base- trained soldiers
airplane maintenance and other support jobs
Georgia’s contributions to WWII
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Over 14 POW camps
College campuses used as training facilities
People planted Victory Gardens
People rationed gas, meat, rubber tires,sugar
and other goods. People sold their scrap
metal for the war effort
Georgia’s contributions to WWII
• Children made candles to send to Britain,
because many did not have electricity
• The war help Coca-Cola become a global
business by serving the U.S. military and
building factories in Europe and in the
Pacific.
Hiroshima
London
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American Japanese Prisoner
Camp
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