Transcript World Depression & World War II

Chapter 34
WORLD DEPRESSION &
WORLD WAR II
WWII Vocabulary
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Fascism
Benito Mussolini
Civil Rights
Totalitarianism
Credit Financing
Currency Devaluation
Black Tuesday
Tariffs
Axis
Appeasement
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
Munich Conference
Maginot Line
Winston Churchill
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Final Solution
Holocaust
D-Day
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Yalta
Harry S. Truman
World War II Map
1. France
2. Great Britain
3. Germany
4. Poland
5. Czechoslovakia
6. Italy
7. Soviet Union
8. French Indochina
9. Atlantic Ocean
10. India
11. Iraq
12. Syria
13. Manchuria
14. Japan
15. China
16. Philippines
17. Australia
18. Arabia
19. Egypt
20. Pacific Ocean
The World Economy
Broke Down
Section I
Page 636
1920s:
Agricultural
Prices Fell
1920s: Industrial
Expansion on
Credit
United States
Financial Crisis
Impacts of
World
Depression
World Depression
Problem: The prosperity of a
nation relied on other
nations to buy their goods.
No Nation
•Possessed all materials
needed
•Produced all the goods
its people wanted
Pg. 639 – Which country was affected most by unemployment?
Section 2: Page 640
AGGRESSION DESTROYED AN
UNEASY PEACE
Japan
Italy
takes over
China
takes over
Ethiopia
League of Nations
condemned action, but did
not use military force
against Japan.
Challenged the
League of Nations
Germany
takes over
Rhineland (France)
Direct violation of the
Treaty of Versailles
Imperialism Grows!
Japan, Italy and Germany attack.
•Aggression challenges League of Nations
•Democratic countries continue neutrality
•Allowing aggressive behavior
•Allowing dictators to rise
Take Rhineland
back
Violated Treaty
of Versailles
Take Austria
Take
Sudetenland
Take
Czechoslovakia
Take Poland
Policy of
Appeasement
Felt Germans
should self rule:
No more land.
Empty promise:
Britain & France
say no more!
Makes pact w/
Russia. Takes
Poland – WWII
begins
Germany’s up to NO GOOD!
Hitler’s Goal: Control ALL of Europe
Britain & France’s Goal: Avoid another war.
•Follow Appeasement policy = Satisfy Hitler
•Munich Conference = Hitler would not take more land
Look at map Pg. 642
Axis Powers
• Germany
• Italy
• Japan
Neutral
• Soviet Union
(Nazi-Soviet Pact)
• United States
• Supplied materials to
Allies
• FDR will try to
change isolation
policy
• 2 Ocean navy
•  Air force
• Pass Selective
Service Act
Allied Powers
• France
• Great Britain
Section 3: Pg. 645
TOTAL WAR ENGULFED THE WORLD
Germans and Soviets conquer EASTERN EUROPE
Attack Poland
•Blitzkrieg = “lightning war”
•Armored divisions &
Luftwaffe (air force)
•Took 3 weeks!
Nazi-Soviet Pact
•Stalin moved into
•East Poland
•Latvia
•Lithuania
•Estonia
•Finnish occupations
what will become satellite
nations in 1941.
Germany
conquers
Western
Europe
Invaded for the
following reasons:
•Resources
•Belgium = Allowed
Hitler to bypass
Maginot Line
•Forces France to
surrender
1940
• Invade Denmark & Norway
• Overrun Netherlands & Belgium
• Winston Churchill becomes PM of
Britain
June 1940
• France surrenders
• Hitler feels Britain will compromise
for peace.
• Britain defends itself
April/May
Axis Powers
• Germany
• Italy
• Japan
Neutral
• Soviet Union
(Nazi-Soviet Pact)
• United States
Land Conquered by Axis
• Belgium
• Poland
• Netherlands
• Latvia
• France
• Lithuania
• Manchuria
• Estonia
• Egypt
• Finish land around
Stalingrad
Allied Powers
• France
(Surrendered)
• Great Britain
• Belgium
Hitler Conquers Balkans
(Hungary, Romania &
Bulgaria)
1941
Hitler invades Greece &
Yugoslavia
1941
Hitler invades Soviet
Union
Germany v.
Soviet Union??
• Japan Attacks
–
–
–
–
–
Dec. 7, 1941 Pearl Harbor
Philippines (U.S. possession)
Malaya (British colony)
East Indies (Dutch colony)
French Indochina
• Attacked in order to create a Great Empire
– Supply Japan with resources:
•
•
•
•
•
America

Neutral!
Oil
Rubber
Tin
Rice
Market for Japanese goods
Only write BLUE statements.
Axis Powers
• Germany
• Italy
• Japan
• Soviet Union
(Nazi-Soviet Pact)
• United States
Land Conquered by Axis
• Belgium
• Poland
• Netherlands
• Latvia
• France
• Lithuania
• Manchuria
• Estonia
• Egypt
• Finish land around
Stalingrad
Allied Powers
• France
(Surrendered)
• Great Britain
• Belgium
Internment
=
Imprisonment!
• Look at the map on Pg. 650
• In pairs:
– List areas held by Axis Powers
– Develop a method to defeat the Axis Powers
Japan &
Germany
•Both conquered people
 slaves
Nazi Attitudes
•“New Order”
•Many groups were
“inferior”
•“Master Race”
Final Solution
•Program to kill all
European Jews
•Death camps
•Holocaust
Section 4: Pg. 648
THE ALLIES ARE VICTORIOUS
June 1942: Battle of Midway
Turn in Axis Control
• Destroyed Japanese ships = US navy matched strength
July 1942: Battle for Stalingrad
• Germany went after resources in Caucasus Mountains and
pounded the city in the process.
• Hitler would not let Germans retreat and they would
surrender.
Oct. 1943: Battles in North Africa
• Germany/ Italy pushed towards Suez Canal.
• Britain held their ground.
• On to Italy
Invasion of Italy
Interactive Map
Allied Offensive
June 6, 1944: D-Day
D-Day Beaches
Video
Push to Victory
• Led by General Eisenhower
• Opened 2nd Front
• Took time to assemble all equipment and train troops
• Largest Sea  Land invasion
July 1944: Allied armor divisions broke
through German lines and went towards
Paris.
August 25, 1944: Paris liberated
• Troops went toward Berlin
Yalta Conference
Feb. 1945:
Discussed peace terms
– Who was there?
• Great Britain
• United States
• Russia
• Control Eastern
Europe
• How to keep peace
World Press
Providing the best news from anywhere, at anytime.
- Since 1802
Allies Won Against Germany!
Victory in Europe Day
Germany Surrenders!
May 8, 1945: Soviet troops entered
Berlin. Germany forces in Italy gave
up in late April. A few days ago,
Hitler committed suicide. Mussolini
has already been captured and shot
by Italians.
See story on AI
Death of
Franklin D.
Roosevelt
commitments over
Poland. Vice President
April 12, 1945: The
president's attending
cardiologist, Dr.
Howard Bruenn,
diagnosed a
massive cerebral
hemorrhage
(stroke). At 3:35 p.m.
that day, Roosevelt
had just finished
attending the Yalta
conference. He then
met with Egyptian
leader and even
wrote an upsetting
letter against Stalin
for not abiding by
the Yalta
in as the President
Harry S. Truman
has already been sworn
of the United
States.
Roosevelt, Churchill
and Stalin at the Yalta
Conference.
Victory in Japan!
•  General Douglas
MacArthur “island
hopping”
• Plans laid out to attack
Japan
•  Truman against attack
– Wanted to avoid
invasion
– Atomic bomb
Atomic Bomb Video
World Press
Providing the best news from anywhere, at anytime.
- Since 1802
World War II OVER!
Victory in Japan Day
Japan Surrenders
August 10, 1945: The Japanese
surrendered after the Soviets
invaded the Japanese-held areas of
Korea and Manchuria the day
before. Japan did not surrender
because of this Soviet action, but we
feel this will have implications for
years to come.
An ATOMIC
Bomb was
used to end
the war.
August 6, 1945:
20,000 tons of
dynamite destroyed
most of the
Japanese city of
Hiroshima. More
than 160,000 people
are either dead or
wounded.
Hiroshima and
Nagasaki
Destroyed!!
August 9, 1945:
Another bomb was
dropped on Nagasaki,
Japan.
Human Costs
*30 Million civilian lives lost
*50 Million lost overall
*More deaths than any war in
history so far
Economic Costs
*Armament and military costs
totaling $1 trillion
*More property destroyed than
in any war in history so far