Transcript Warm-up - Humble ISD

Europe
Goes to
War
_________
Japan
Builds an
Empire
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Warm-up
2
Warm-up
3
Warm-up
What terms are missing?
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Section 1 Review
• Munich Conference (1938)
• Hitler promised that the
Sudetenland was all that he
wanted
–6 months later: occupied western
Czech.
–1 month later: Italy invaded
Albania
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Invasion of Poland
• After invasion of Czech. France &
G.B. abandoned policy of
appeasement and prepared for war
• Warned Hitler if he went any
further it would lead to war
• France & G.B. pledged support to
appeasement
• Hitler didn’t believe them
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Invasion of Poland
• 1914 – Germany wasn’t ready to fight
a war on two fronts
• Soviet Union & Germany had always
been enemies but, they recognized
that they could benefit from
combining their forces
• Signed a 10-Year Non-aggression
Pact
– Stalin didn’t believe that Hitler would
pursue conquering Soviet Union
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NonAggression
Pact
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Invasion of Poland
• Secret document divided
Eastern Europe up into Soviet
Union territories and German
territories
• September 1: Hitler invaded
Poland
• September 3: France & G.B.
declared war on Germany
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Invasion of Poland
• France/G.B./Poland: more soldiers
& infantry division
• Germany: had superior firepower
(panzer divisions, machine guns,
etc.)
– Blitzkrieg: Lightning war –
concentrated air and land attack that
took enemy by surprise
– Imposed German law and imprisoned
and murdered Jews
– Fr. & G.B. watched unable to help
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Poland
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War in the West
• American press dubbed it the “phony
war”
• Maginot Line
– Along France’s border w/Germany
– Provided housing for troops, rec. areas,
etc.
– Thick walls and heavy artillery stood
ready to fight an invasion
• Problems: border faced Germany –
Germany could go through Belgium; Heavy
guns pointed east and couldn’t be moved12
German Attacks
• April 9,1940: attacked Denmark &
Norway
• May 10,1940: attacked Netherlands,
Belgium, and Luxembourg
– G.B. & Fr. rushed to Belgium – too
late
– Have to retreat to Dunkirk braving
German Luftwaffe (air force)
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Fall of France
• June 10,1940: Fr. gov’t. abandoned
Paris
• June 10,1940: Italy declared war on Fr.
& G.B.
• June 14,1940: Germany invaded Paris
• June 22,1940: Fr. officially surrendered
– Free France: Gov’t. in exile in London; led
by Charles de Gaulle
– Vichy France: German controlled French
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gov’t.
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Battle of Britain
• To neutralize the British navy,
Hitler used his Luftwaffe to
destroy Britain’s air defense
• August – September,1940:
1,000 planes rained bombs on
Britain
–Attacked everything air bases,
cities, etc.
–RAF – Royal Air Force
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Japan Build an Empire
• Japan forced out of isolationism b/c
of westernization
• WWI Japan joined allies – conquered
German possessions and gained
markets
• Created 2-party system
• Helped found the League of Nations
• Signed Kellogg-Briand Pact –
condemned war and pledged to
handle disagreements peacefully
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Democracy in Crisis
• 1920’s recession – depended
on foreign markets
• High tariffs on Japanese
products resulted in industrial
decline, massive layoffs,
strikes, and widespread
political unrest
• Blamed multi-party system and
rich business owners
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Rise of Nationalism
• Military unrest b/c gov’t.
accepted limits on the size of
the military
• Radical Nationalists demanded
a return to traditional ways
–End to powerful businesses and
Western-style institutions
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Manchurian Incident
• Japan lacked raw materials
• Manchuria had huge raw material
source (coal & ore)
• September,1931: Japanese
occupied Manchuria
• Manchurian Incident: Manchurian
gov’t. failed to respond
–Puppet State: independent state
under control by a powerful
neighbor
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Manchurian
Incident
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Manchurian Incident
• U.S. and G.B. protested but,
took no action to stop Japan
• Violated Kellogg-Briand Pact
and United Nations
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War Against China
• Occupied Beijing and Tianjin;
threatened Northern China
• Chinese Nationalist army, led
by Jiang Jieshi, resisted
invasion
• Japan’s advantage: superior
weapons and warplanes
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Rape of Nanjing
• Japanese soldiers brutalized
or killed at least 100,000
people
• President Roosevelt spoke out
against international
aggression
• Soviet Union aided
China w/arms,
warplanes and military
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