Transcript WWII Europe and U.S. homefront outline

What explains an increase in personal income in 1941?
What were the causes and effects of WWII?
What is this graphic measuring?
What explains the graphic from 1929 to 1933?
What explains the graphic from 1933 to 1937?
Why is the year 2000 included?
ITALY
Soviet Union
Germany
Spain
Japan
Benito
Mussolini
(1922)
Joseph
Stalin
(1924)
Adolf
Hitler
(1933)
Francisco
Franco
(1939)
Hideki
Tojo
(1941)
I. WWII Background: 1920s and 1930s
-Failure of Treaty of Versailles to make a lasting peace
-Worldwide Great Depression
-Rise of totalitarian dictators making “promises” to their people
-Strong isolationist sentiment around world— no more war
-Failure of League of Nations to stop dictators
Case in Point:
Adolf Hitler
WWI
Outraged at German
defeat- pledges revenge
Blames Jews
“stab in the back” theory
Case in Point:
Adolf Hitler
WWI
“Promises”
Outraged at German
defeat- pledges revenge
Blames Jews
“stab in the back” theory
“Freedom and Bread”
Nazi Party:
National Pride
Pro-Military
Anti-Semitic
Working Class
Case in Point:
Adolf Hitler
WWI
“Promises”
Failure of
League
of Nations
Outraged at German
defeat- pledges revenge
Blames Jews
“stab in the back” theory
“Freedom and Bread”
Nazi Party:
National Pride
Pro-Military
Anti-Semitic
Working Class
World looks the other way
as Hitler re-builds German
military and annexes Austria
takes Czechoslovakia…
Czechoslovakia
Austria– “Anschluss”
II. WWII: TRIGGER
WWII began with Hitler’s invasion of Poland (1939), followed
shortly after by the Soviet Union’s invasion of Poland from the
east and the Baltic countries – divided Poland.
Blitzkrieg (“lightning war”)
Hitler continues reign of terror…
During 1st two years of war,
U.S. remains officially neutral
as Germany overran France
and most of Europe.
June 23, 1940—Hitler tours Paris
July-October 1940
Battle of BritainGerman Luftwaffe (airforce)
attack British targets. British
people suffer, but RAF pilots
fights back and a frustrated
Hitler calls off attack.
“Never in the field of human conflict
was so much owed by so many
to so few.” Winston Churchill
In 1941, Hitler turned on his former partner
and invaded the Soviet Union.
What is America’s role during
the 1st two years of WWII?
U.S. is “officially neutral”
for first 2 years but….
Lend-Lease Act- U.S. gives Britain
war supplies and old naval warships in
return for military bases in Bermuda
and Caribbean.
“lending a garden hose to a next-door neighbor
whose house is on fire.” Franklin Roosevelt
Lend-Lease
… “the great arsenal of democracy.” FDR
III. WWII: U.S. Entry
1930s Japan sought military and economic domination
over Asia-- invaded Manchuria and China
III. WWII: U.S. Entry
U.S. refused to recognize Japanese conquests. Imposed
an embargo on exports of oil and steel---tensions rise.
III. WWII: U.S. Entry
While negotiating with U.S. and without warning, Japan carried
out an air attack on the American naval base at
Pearl Harbor, Hawaii— Dec. 7, 1941.
1 ½ hours:
180 Japanese warplanes
2,403 Americans dead
1,178 Americans wounded
21 ships - - 8 battleships
300 aircraft
III. WWII: U.S. Entry
Japan destroyed much of the American Pacific fleet and killed
several thousand Americans. Congress declares war on Japan.
“…a date that will live in infamy.” FDR
U.S.S. Arizona MemorialIn memory of nearly 1,000
servicemen trapped inside
on Dec. 7, 1941.
Dorie Miller- USS West Virginia
Navy Cross for bravery
WWII: PRACTICE QUIZ
1. What were 2 background causes of WWII?
2. What did Adolf Hitler promise the German people in the 1930s?
3. What event “triggered” the beginning of WWII in Europe?
4. What year did WWII begin in Europe?
5. What was the Battle of Britain?
6. What country did Hitler invade in 1941, breaking his short-term
pact with this country?
7. What was the U.S. role during the first two years of WWII?
8. “lending a garden hose to a neighbor whose house is on fire”
is FDR’s words referring to what U.S. policy? Define.
9. What does Japan do in the 1930s and how
does the U.S. react?
10. What event brought the U.S. into WWII?
11. What is the date that FDR said “would live in infamy?”
IV. WWII: U.S. Homefront
Anti-Japanese
prejudice on West Coast
False belief that
Japanese Americans
were aiding the enemy
110,000
Japanese Americans
were relocated to
internment camps
Why were most “internment camps” located in the WEST?
Korematsu v. U.S. (1944)Supreme Court upheld decision, “military necessity.”
Public apology was eventually
issued by the U.S. gov’t.
Financial payment of $20,000
promised to each JapaneseAmerican survivor.
“We can never fully right the wrongs of the past.
But we can take a clear stand for justice and recognize that
serious injustices were done to Japanese Americans during WWII.”
George Bush (1990)
IV. WWII: U.S. Homefront
How did the U.S.
organize and
distribute its resources
to achieve victory
during WWII?
Economic
Resources
Human
Resources
Military
Resources
Economic Resources:
U.S. gov’t and industry
forged close relationship
•
Economic Resources:
U.S. gov’t and industry
forged close relationship
•
•Rationing was used to
maintain supply of
essential products
What does this poster encourage you to save?
Economic Resources:
U.S. gov’t and industry
forged close relationship
•
•Rationing was used to
maintain supply of
essential products
•War Bonds and income tax
to finance war
What symbols encourage Americans to buy War Bonds?
Economic Resources:
U.S. gov’t and industry
forged close relationship
•
•Rationing was used to
maintain supply of
essential products
•War Bonds and income tax
to finance war
• Business retooled from
peace time to wartime
(cars to tanks)
What factory method does is this image demonstrate?
IV. WWII: U.S. Homefront
How did the U.S.
organize and
distribute its resources
to achieve victory
during WWII?
Economic
Resources
Human
Resources
Military
Resources
Human Resources:
•6
million women replaced
men in factories
(Rosie the Riveter)
Human Resources:
•6
million women replaced
men in factories
(Rosie the Riveter)
•2
million minority workers
move to cities for jobs
Human Resources:
•6
million women replaced
men in factories
(Rosie the Riveter)
•2
million minority workers
move to cities for jobs
• Women
and minorities
fight to end
discriminatory practices
Human Resources:
•6
million women replaced
men in factories
(Rosie the Riveter)
•2
million minority workers
move to cities for jobs
• Women
and minorities
fight to end
discriminatory practices
• Citizens volunteer support
What is this boy doing to support the war effort?
IV. WWII: U.S. Homefront
How did the U.S.
organize and
distribute its resources
to achieve victory
during WWII?
Economic
Resources
Human
Resources
Military
Resources
Military Resources:
• Draft
/ selective service
to gain personnel (10 million)
Military Resources:
• Draft
/ selective service
to gain personnel (10 million)
• Censorship in reporting war
Military Resources:
• Draft
/ selective service
to gain personnel (10 million)
• Censorship in reporting war
• Public morale and
ad campaigns kept
America focused on war
Military Resources:
• Draft
/ selective service
to gain personnel (10 million)
• Censorship in reporting war
• Public morale and
ad campaigns kept
America focused on war
•Movies, plays, shows,
boosted morale and
patriotic support for war
and portrayed enemy in
stereotypical ways
Daffy Duck: The Commando
In what way does the cartoon depict the Nazis?
WWII: CHART
ALLIES:
“Big Three”U.S. (FDR)
Great Britain (Winston Churchill)
Soviet Union (Joseph Stalin)
WWII: CHART
ALLIES:
“Big Three”U.S. (FDR)
Great Britain (Winston Churchill)
Soviet Union (Joseph Stalin)
*** “Hitler First” (Europe First)
Pacific- “Island Hopping,” seize islands to
get closer to Japan. Use islands as
military bases
Cut off Japanese supplies through
submarine warfare against Japanese
shipping.
WWII: CHART
ALLIES:
“Big Three”U.S. (FDR)
Great Britain (Winston Churchill)
Soviet Union (Joseph Stalin)
*** “Hitler First” (Europe First)
Pacific- “Island Hopping,” seize islands to
get closer to Japan. Use islands as
military bases
Cut off Japanese supplies through
submarine warfare against Japanese
shipping.
AXIS:
Tripartite Pact (1940)Germany (Adolf Hitler)
Italy (Benito Mussolini)
Japan (Emperor Hirohito, but
really Hideki Tojo in charge)
WWII: CHART
ALLIES:
“Big Three”U.S. (FDR)
Great Britain (Winston Churchill)
Soviet Union (Joseph Stalin)
*** “Hitler First” (Europe First)
Pacific- “Island Hopping,” seize islands to
get closer to Japan. Use islands as
military bases
Cut off Japanese supplies through
submarine warfare against Japanese
shipping.
AXIS:
Tripartite Pact (1940)Germany (Adolf Hitler)
Italy (Benito Mussolini)
Japan (Emperor Hirohito, but
really Hideki Tojo in charge)
Germany- Defeat Soviet Union
quickly and gain its oil fields.
Force Britain out through bombing and
submarine warfare before U.S. entered
(Battle of Britain)
Japan- Cripple America’s military
(Pearl Harbor) Invade Philippines
Indonesia, Australia, Hawaii. Force
America to accept Japanese
predominance in Pacific and S.E. Asia.