Transcript Between the Wars 1918 to 1939

Agree/Disagree
“Hitler could have been stopped before he
invaded Poland on September 1st of 1939.”
If you agree with this statement, go to the
agree side of the room and prepare to
defend your position.
If you disagree go to the “disagree” side and
prepare your argument.
Quickwrite
• Based on our discussion, our reading and
your understanding of Adolf Hitler, do you
think he could have been stopped before
the Germans invaded Poland? Use
specific examples from your reading to
defend your opinion.
Between the Wars
1918 to 1939
Standard 10.8.1- Compare the German,
Italian, and Japanese drives for empire in the
1930s, including the 1937 Rape of Nanking,
other atrocities in China, and the Stalin-Hitler
Pact of 1939.
Germany in despair
• Treaty of Versailles
assigned total
responsibility to Germany.
• Forced to make territorial
concessions, limit the size
of its military, and pay for
reparations.
Hitler assumes POWER
• Extreme Nationalist
• NAZI party leader
• Appointed chancellor of
Germany
• When the German President
dies in 1934, Hitler
combines the two positions
and proclaims the birth of
the “Third Reich”; successor
to the Holy Roman Empire
and the German Empire.
• Wanted to rebuild Germany
into world power.
MUSSOLINI LEADS ITALY
• Italy was similar to
Germany, it faced
political and economic
problems for years after
WWI.
• Benito Mussolini
organized war veterans
into the Fascist Party.
• Wishes to create a “New
Roman Empire.”
Support in Spain
• Hitler and Mussolini
supported Spanish
Nationalist Francisco
Franco (Fascist) against
liberals in Spain.
• This lead to a military
alliance in October of
1936 known as the
Rome-Berlin Axis.
• Guernica becomes a
“dress rehearsal” of
WWII.
JAPAN IS NEXT
• Japan was another of the
military dictatorships that
arose after WWI.
• Industrialization created a
need for empire (resources,
land, markets)
Japanese Atrocities
• In 1931 the Japanese
army attacked
Manchuria, a region
in northeastern China.
• In 1937 Japan attacks
Nanking, China in a
brutal assault on
civilians.
ROME-BERLIN-TOKYO AXIS
• In an attempt to gain support, Japan joins
with Hitler and Mussolini and they sign the
Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis in 1936.
AGGRESSIVE MOVES LEAD
TO WORLD WAR II
Hitler makes his moves
• In 1936, Hitler violates the Treaty of
Versailles and moves into the Rhineland
with little resistance (Aggression).
• In 1938, Hitler moves into Austria and
declares it part of Germany “anschluss”
(Aggression)
• Britain and France both condemned his
moves, but took no action (Appeasement).
APPEASEMENT
• British Prime Minister
Neville Chamberlain
approach towards Hitler
was one of
appeasement.
• Does not want war.
Czechoslovakia
• Hitler then turned to
Czechoslovakia.
• Claims Sudetenland for
Germany.
MUNICH CONFERENCE
1938
• Chamberlain, in
attempt to resolve the
crisis called for the
Munich Conference.
• Hitler met with leaders
from Britain, France,
and Italy. Germany was
given the Sudetenland
and Hitler guaranteed
the independence for
the rest of
Czechoslovakia (BIG
FAT LIE).
• “Peace with
Honor…Peace for our Goering, Mussolini, Hess, Hitler, Ciano, Himmler
time” (neither)
Hitler/Stalin Pact
• 1) “I won’t attack you if you don’t attack
me.” Hitler and Stalin agree. Germany
won’t have to fear attack from the east.
• 2) When Germany attacks Poland it will
take back the former German portion and
Russia can have the rest!
• 3) DEAL!!!!!
War Begins in 1939
• Six months after the Munich Conference Hitler,
convinced that Britain and France were too weak to stop
him, ordered his troops to take over Czechoslovakia.
• Hitler then started making demands in Poland. Britain
and France promise to aid Poland if Germany attacks.
On September 1, 1939, Germany invades Poland and
World War II begins.
Formative Assessment
• The Drive for Empire in Germany, Italy
and Japan.