Transcript AMERICAN HOMEFRONT

AMERICAN HOMEFRONT
WORLD WAR II
ARE YOU DOING YOUR PART?
Core 100 Terms
War on the Home Front (women, rationing, G.I. Bill)
Japanese Internment
Koremastu v. US
SELLING THE WAR
• WHY ARE WE FIGHTING?
– ROOSEVELT PROVIDES FOUR
FREEDOMS
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FREEDOM OF SPEECH AND EXPRESSION
FREEDOM OF WORSHIP
FREEDOM FROM WANT
FREEDOM FROM FEAR
– FOR ALL PEOPLES
WWII Locally
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Snows Cut – 1942
Fort Fisher –
German POW Camp –
Ship Building in Wilmington
FOUR FREEDOMS
PREPAREDNESS OF COUNTRY
• SELECTIVE SERVICE ENACTED
• ILL PREPARED FOR TRAINING OR WA
- Isolation left our Military Weak – 1 combat
ready Battalion – Jap 100 Germany 200
– GI-GOVERNMENT ISSUED
– TRUCKS LABELED TANKS.
• 5 Million men Volunteered
• Draft – provided 10 million more men
• ARMED SERVICES STILL
SEGREGATED
GOVERNMENT CONTROL
• AGENCIES CREATED TO CONTROL
ALL ASPECTS OF ECONOMY AND WAR
EFFORT.
• OFFICE OF CIVILIAN DEFENSE
• OFFICE OF WAR INFORMATION
• WAR PRODUCTION BOARD
• NATIONAL WAR LABOR BOARD
• OFFICE OF PRICE ADMINISTRATION
WAR PRODUCTION BOARD
• CONTROLLED NATION’S
ECONOMY
• CONVERTED PEACETIME
INDUSTRIES TO WAR
INDUSTRIES
– AUTO MAKERS BECOME
TANK MAKERS, LIBERTY
SHIPS – Wilm NC?
• INCREASED PRODUCTION
• U.S. ECONOMY MAKES
DRASTIC CHANGE FOR THE
BETTER-OUT OF
DEPRESSION.
WHAT DOES THIS IMAGE SUGGEST?
WHAT CAN I DO AT HOME?
• PLANT VICTORY GARDENS
WHAT CAN I DO AT HOME?
• BUY WAR BONDS TO HELP FINANCE
THE WAR
WHAT CAN I DO AT HOME?
• JOIN THE USO
– UNITED SERVICES ORGANIZATION
• ENTERTAIN AND PROVIDE FOR SOLDIERS
AND THEIR FAMILIES
WHAT CAN I DO AT HOME?
• CONSERVE AND FOLLOW RATIONING
LAWS
• RATIONING-WAY OF DISTRIBUTING
GOODS FAIRLY
What is this Picture showing?
WHAT CAN I DO AT HOME?
• SCRAP DRIVES FOR METAL, RUBBER,
STEEL, ETC.
WOMEN AT WAR
• PLAYED MANY ROLES
• ROSIE THE RIVETER-SYMBOL OF
WOMEN AT WORK IN FACTORIES
• WACS- WOMEN’S ARMY CORPS
AFRICAN AMERICAN ROLES
• STILL IN SEGREGATED UNITS
When stationed in the South when off base had to follow Jim Crow Laws
• GREAT MIGRATION CONTINUES
• “DOUBLE V” CAMPAIGN-VICTORY OVER
RACISM ABROAD AND AT HOME
• TUSKEGEE AIRMEN
African Americans At Home
• Civil rights leader James
Farmer founded an
interracial mvmt called?
Congress of Racial Equality
CORE would confront urban
segregation in the North.
• Racial tensions increased in
1943 violence swept the
nation – the worst in
Detroit 9 whites dead 25
blacks.
Mexican Americans
• Served their country well
Experienced discrimination.
In 1943 LA exploded in an
anti Mexican American riot
• “The Zoot Suit riots”
Sailors beat Zoot suiters
senseless. Zoot suits were
long suit style worn with
pleaded pants & broad
brimmed hats. Mexican youth rebelled against
tradition. The cities response
was to ban the Zoot Suit.
SUSPENSION OF CIVIL
LIBERTIES
• INTERNMENT OF JAPANESEAMERICANS
• 1945- KOREMATSU V. UNITED
STATES
– COULD DETAIN GROUP DUE TO
“MILITARY URGENCY” National
Security
• JAPANESE-AMERICANS
FOUGHT WELL IN OUR ARMY
AGAINST GERMANY
WHAT CASE DOES THIS
REMIND US OF FROM
WORLD WAR I?
Japanese Internment Cont
• The Japanese American
Citizenship League ( JACL)
pushed the Gov to
compensate those families
sent to the camps. Congress
reimbursed families in
• 1954 - $ 1000
• 1965
• 1989 each family received
20,000 dollars.
PROPAGANDA
• PROPAGANDA
OFFICES AND
OFFICE OF WAR
INFORMATION
USED:
– POSTERS
– NEWSREELS
– PAMPHLETS
• TO INFLUENCE
HOME AND
ABROAD