Chapter 8, Lesson 2 The Home Front
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Transcript Chapter 8, Lesson 2 The Home Front
Chapter 8, Lesson 2
The Home Front
Mister Julian’s 5th Grade Class
Essential Question
How did World
War II affect the
United States
economy?
Places
Los Alamos, New Mexico
People
Benjamin O. Davis Jr.
Albert Einstein
Vocabulary
Rationing
Tuskegee Airmen
Atomic Bomb
Manhattan Project
The Depression Ends
The country answered the presidents call
when he asked factories to produce war
goods to defeat the Axis.
All of the production had an important
effect. Factories had to expand to produce
all the military equipment needed.
As a result the Great Depression came to
an end.
New Jobs for Women
When World War II began, 350,000
women served in the military as
nurses, airplane pilots, radio
operators, and mechanics.
Millions more took over the jobs the
men left behind in factories, farms,
and other areas.
There was even an all Girls Baseball
League during the war.
“Do Your Part”
Americans were encouraged to “Do
Your Part” during the war.
Children organized “Scrap drives”
collecting cans and old pots.
With millions of soldiers to feed there
were food shortages.
People were called to ration their
food, gas, and tires.
“Do Your Part”
Everyone got a certain amount of
stamps for meat, dairy, canned veggies,
coffee, and even gas.
If you wanted to buy that item you had
to give the store a stamp. When you ran
out of stamps you could not buy that
product.
New Opportunities
With many more job openings in
factories in the north this gave African
Americans new opportunities.
Discrimination kept many from these
jobs before the war.
The military also segregated black and
white soldiers.
New Opportunities
Some African Americans wanted to serve
their country like Benjamin O. Davis Jr.
Davis and 12 others started the first
fighter pilot training for blacks in
Tuskegee Alabama. They became known
as the Tuskegee Airmen.
They served proudly over North Africa
and Europe.
Japanese Americans
After Pearl Harbor, Japanese Americans
were distrusted by many.
In February 1942, Presidential Order #
9066 allowed the military to relocate
anyone seen as a threat to internment
camps.
By the summer, more than 110,000 were
living in these camps.
Technology and War
The war had both sides developing new
technologies to help their side.
Albert Einstein, a German Jew, came
to the U.S. after Hitler took power.
He believed that an Atomic Bomb could
be made and he felt that Germany was
likely working on one as well.
Technology and War
In 1942, the U.S. started the
Manhattan Project, the code name for
the atomic bomb.
The secret lab was located in Los
Alamos, New Mexico.
By 1945, the atomic bomb was
complete.
Technology and War
Scientists and mathematicians worked
to develop secret codes to
communicate.
They also worked on breaking the
other sides codes.
The U.S. used the Navajo language,
which was never broken.
TimeLine
1942 - More than 100, 00 Japanese
Americans were removed from their
homes on the West Coast.
1942 - The United States government
began the Manhattan Project, a secret
effort to build an atomic bomb.
1944 - Millions of American women
worked in the countries weapons
factories.
Written Response
How did World War II affect the
American economy?