Transcript ADVANCED WORLD HISTORY FINAL EXAM REVIEW

HENRY WORLD HISTORY
FINAL EXAM REVIEW
2012-2013
Chapters 7 and 9 Industrial Revolution
• The movement of people from the country to cities is called
urbanization.
• New inventions in the textile industry made it necessary to
change from the “putting out system” to producing cloth in
factories
• The movement that increased farm production was called
enclosure.
• Utilitarianism is the idea that the goal of society should be
“the greatest happiness for the greatest number” of its
citizens.
• According to socialism, society as a group rather than
individuals should own and operate farms and businesses.
• Rural- countryside, opposite of urban
• British engineer who invented a process to
produce steel Bessemer
• improved the light bulb
Edison
• American automobile manufacturer, mass
produced cars using the assembly line Ford
• Scottish engineer who improved the steam engine
Watt
• inventor of the telephone Bell
• Lister English surgeon who insisted surgeons wash
their hands and sterilize their instruments. His
ideas led to improved sanitation
Key points
• Germany & US
• Improved sanitation. People bathed and
changed clothes more frequently.
• Tenements near factories in the cities
• Middle class
• Joseph Lister
• King who helped unite Italy through
Sardinia Victor Emmanuel II
• Italian nationalist who helped to unify Italy,
leader of the Red Shirts
Garibaldi
• Prussian leader (chancellor) who
engineered German unity Bismarck
• German ruler (kaiser) whose foreign policy
was aimed at acquiring an overseas empire
William II
• The emperor of Austria and King of
Hungary
Francis Joseph
Key points
• Unification of Germany
• Prussia (Germany) defeated France. France
had to give up land that was rich in iron and
coal.
Chapters 12 and 13
• Imperialism—domination by one country over
another politically, economically and culturally
• Colony- a region politically controlled by a distant
country
• Missionary- a person who spreads a religious
message.
• Justifications? Social Darwinism, had a duty to
spread the western blessings--Medicine, Law & the
Christian religion
• The destruction of an entire religious or ethnic
group
genocide
CHAPTER 14
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opposition to all war
pacifism
Payment for losses in a war reparations
The glorification of the military
militarism
To prepare military forces for war mobilize
Ideas that are spread in order to promote a
cause or to damage an opposing cause
propaganda
• a policy of supporting neither side in a war
Neutrality
*A final set of demands ultimatum
• Stories of atrocities are often used in
propaganda.
• In waging a total war, a nation channels all of
its resources into the war effort
• After the war, Ottoman lands were divided
into mandates
• Militarism was one of the forces that led to
the outbreak of war in Europe.
• For much of the war the United States
followed a policy of neutrality.
Chapter 14 key points
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Automatic machine gun
US involvement in the war
Machine guns made it nearly impossible
Took the jobs of the men and kept their
nations economies going
• Brest-Litovsk
• In ruins
• Modern weapons were more deadly
Chapter 15
• A large farm owned and operated by
peasants as a group collective
• council of workers and soldiers soviet
• A wealthy peasant
kulak
• A form of government in which a oneparty dictatorship tries to regulate every
aspect of the lives of its citizens
Totalitarian state
• A style of art glorifying Soviet life
Socialist realism
Key Points
• Bolsheviks overthrew the provisional govt. Led to a
3 year Civil War. Reds Vs. Whites. Reds
(Communists) won and took power.
• Stalin--building a loyal following among Communist
party members.
• Improve heavy industry, make Soviet Union a
modern industrial power
• Food and fuel shortages, loss of lives in WWI
• Reds Vs. Whites
• The Communist party held absolute control over the
government.
• Lenin died
• Increase support for communism
• Locarno Treaties- establish Germany’s borders.
• League of Nations- settle conflicts without
violence
• Kellogg-Briand Pact- end (outlaw) war forever
• Fascism—Blind loyalty to the leader
• 3 reasons
1. It promised order in a time of uncertainty.
2. Promised strong and stable government
3. Revival of national pride
Great Depression world wide effect..
1. High unemployment
2. Lack of food consumption
3. Homelessness
• Fascist dictator in Italy Mussolini
• Nationalist general who created a Fascist
dictatorship in Spain Franco
• Prime minister who rallied Britain to fight
against Nazi aggression
Churchill
• Supreme Allied commander in Europe
Eisenhower
• President who issued a policy stating that
Americans would resist Soviet expansion
in the world
Truman
• name of concentration camp in Southern
Poland Auschwitz
• site of battle between Germany and the Soviet
Union
Stalingrad
• Naval base in Hawaii that was attacked by
Japan in 1941
Pearl Harbor
• area that the Allies invaded on D-Day
Normandy, France
• Japanese city destroyed by an atomic bomb
dropped by the United States in 1945
Hiroshima
Add to the back of study guide
• the refusal to obey unjust laws
Civil disobedience
• a belief in no God atheism
• war fought between two groups of people
in the same nation
civil war
• refusal to buy goods boycott
• anti-Jewish anti-Semitism
• Gandhi’s nickname Mahatma
Essay
• There will be an ESSAY worth 20 points. You
will choose ONE of the following Three topics.
• Identify AND Explain the six (6) causes of WWI
• Examine the life of Mohandas Gandhi and
explain how he impacted the world
• Choose ONE of the main topics from the WWII
chapter (Ex: Pearl Harbor) and focus on the
W’s. When? , Who?, Where?, Why? What
happened?
Essay criteria
• 2 paragraphs in length
• At least (minimum) of 5 sentences per
paragraph. No less than 10 SENTENCES.
• Topic must be incorporated in your answer
and be sure to ANSWER the question that is
being asked.