Transcript PowerPoint-Präsentation

Living next door to Alice...
An introduction to A.L.I.C.E. and AIML
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
Who am I?
Name: Christian Droßmann
Age: 23
Current Occupation: Student of English and Philosophy at
the University of Essen
Chairman of the Committee for Ethics
of Artificial Intelligence at the A.L.I.C.E.
AI Foundation in San Francisco
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
The A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
Dr. Richard S. Wallace, chairman and co-founder
Noel Bush, co-founder, formerly vice-president of
engineering at Artificial Life Inc.
Nika Dubrovsky, co-founder
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
The A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
Brenda Freedman, Franklin Institute Science Museum
Philadelphia
Gene Riccoboni, Grimes & Battersby
Jon Baer, lead developer
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
Who is Alice?
• An open-source Chatterbot developed by Dr. Richard S. Wallace
• A.L.I.C.E. = „Artificial Linguistic Internet Computer Entity“
• Uses CBR (Case Based Reasoning)
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
Who is Alice?
• Knowledgebase uses AIML, an XML-compliant „Artificial
Intelligence Markup Language“ developed especially for the easy
creation of chatterbots
• Written entirely in JAVA
• Output can contain anything you want (from a simple sentence in
plaintext to complete HTML-pages)
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
Who is Alice?
• Modular design allows use of virtually any means of input and
output
• The standard distribution includes interfaces for:
• IRC
• ICQ
• AOL Instant Messenger
• Macromedia FLASH
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
Who is Alice?
• Various third-party implementations include:
• WAP
• Your garden-variety telephone
• E-mail
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
Who is Alice?
• Comes with a built-in HTTP-server (com-wrappers for external
HTTP-servers coming soon!)
• Full user-authentication capabilities (including cookies)
• Can be connected to an SQL database for storage of user
information
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
Who is Alice?
• Easy customization via XML-templates and JAVA property files
- no source code changes needed!
• Built-in JavaScript interpreter (can be disabled for security
reasons)
• Capable of running external programs and executing system
commands (can be disabled for security reasons)
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
Who is Alice?
• Uses internal multithreading
• Maximum of simultaneous user connections only dependent on
your hardware
• Can be programmed to speak any language and can handle
multiple languages simultaneously (and thus could be used as an
interpreter or an interactive dictionary)
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
Who is Alice?
Alice won the Loebner Prize Contest in 2000 and 2001
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
What is it good for?
• Entertainment
• Customer support (e.g. an interactive FAQ)
• Database frontend
• OS extension for hands-free operation (e.g. in wearables)
• Conversation trainer for use in second language acquisition
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
How does it work?
Graphmaster
Classifier
Responder
User
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
The Responder
• Interface between user and core routines
• Handles means of in- and output
• Transfers user input to the Classifier and delivers the bot‘s
response to the user
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
The Classifier
• Normalizes and filters the input
• Applies substitutions
• Splits the user input into sentences
• Transfers the normalized strings to the Graphmaster
• Processes the output from the Graphmaster and handles various
AIML instructions
• Delivers the bot‘s response to the responder
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
The Graphmaster
• Organizes storage of brain content
• Content is stored as a graph (hence the name)
• Handles the pattern matching process
• Pattern matching involves an advanced search-tree algorithm
• Returns raw response template to the classifier
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
Inside The Graphmaster
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
Inside the Graphmaster
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
The Structure of AIML
<category>
<pattern>NO</pattern>
<that>HAVE YOU DATED ANY ROBOTS
BEFORE</that>
<template>
I think you might be happier with a human.
</template>
</category>
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
The Structure of AIML
<category>
<pattern>WHAT IS THE DEFINITION OF *</pattern>
<template>
<srai>WHAT DOES <star/> MEAN</srai>
</template>
</category>
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
The Structure of AIML
<category>
<pattern>WHAT IS THE CAPITAL OF *</pattern>
<template>
<think><set name="search">capital</set></think>
<srai>DEFINE <star/></srai>
</template>
</category>
<category>
<pattern>DEFINE *</pattern>
<template>
<condition>
<li name="search" value="what">I do not know what <star/> is.</li>
<li name="search" value="capital">I do not know that capital.</li>
<li name="search" value="where"><srai>WHEREISIS <star/></srai></li>
</condition>
<srai>FIND <star/></srai>
</template>
</category>
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
The Structure of AIML
<category>
<pattern>WHEN WAS * INVENTED</pattern>
<template>
<random>
<li>A few years before it came into general use.</li>
<li>Earlier that most people think.</li>
<li>It took quite a while to catch on.</li>
<li><set name="it"><star/></set> was developed over a long
period of time.</li>
</random>
</template>
</category>
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
Why does it work?
• The meaning of and the sense in a conversation lies in the eye of
the beholder
• People tend to interpret to an extent way beyond the nature of the
thing
• Is the human mind really more than just a highly efficient and
complex pattern-matching machine?
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
Possible Dangers
• Emotionally weak persons may develop emotional relationships
(friendship or worse)
• In the future, it will become more and more difficult to tell a bot
from a human being
•
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]
More information and
Alice-in-action
Foundation home page: http://www.alicebot.org
Sample Alicebot using FLASH interface: http://www.alicebot.net
WearBot: http://www.wearlab.de
CVS Repository (for developers, anonymous access permitted):
http://cvs.alicebot.org
Christian Droßmann, Chairman of AIEthics at the A.L.I.C.E. AI Foundation
WWW: www.alicebot.org
Email: [email protected]