Transcript Distributed Systems - Institut für Informatik

Institut für Informatik
Freie Universität Berlin
- Computer Science at FU Berlin -
Studying Computer Science @ FUB
Diplom Informatik (900 students)
• 5 years
• 4 semesters undergraduate
• 4 semesters graduate studies
• diploma thesis
Bachelor / Master ( ~ 100)
• 3 years Bachelor
• 2 years Master
Studying Computer Science @ FUB
PhD programs
• Graduate Schools together
with BerlinTechnical University
and Humboldt Univ. Berlin
• PhD s typically members
of research projects
("research assistants")
• 5 – 10 per year
Computer Science @ FUB
• Located in the
campus for natural science at FUB
- Physics, Chemistry, Biology • Part of the Mathematics and
Computer Science
faculty
• Related to the Computer
and Information Technology
Research Center
(ZIB)
Computer Science @ FUB
900 CS students
130 bio-Computing students
11 professors
24 assistants
50 teaching assistants
(students)
~ 300 Computers
(PC / Windows / Linux ,
Sun Solaris,
Local Area net, WaveLan)
Computer Science @ FUB
• Working Groups of CS @ FUB
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Bioinformatics
CS in Education and Society
Databases and Information Systems
Artificial Intelligence
CS applications in medical Science
Netbased Information Systems
Programming Languages
Software Engineering
Distributed Systems
Technical CS (Telematics)
Theoretical Computer Science
Algorithms in Bioinformatics
Bioinformatics: development and application of
methods and tools of Computer Science on
biological issues
???
e.g. Interpretation of Mass-spectrometrical
measuring data for protein regulation
Algorithms in Bioinformatics
At the interface of
Biology/Chemistry/Medicine/
Computer Science and
Mathematics
• Concrete Questions:
• Pattern Matching in Blood
count
• Similarities of Humans and
Mice (and Dogs and …)
• Develop Algorithms, which
are able to scan Terabyte f
Data fast.
Databases and Informationsystems
DB and IS deals with Gathering, Storing and
Selecting Data (Informations)
160 GB disk / 300 $
100 million books
(400 pages each, 2 KB / page)
Much cheaper than paper!
A database
Databases and Informationsystems
Applications:
• Public Transport (find train connections),
• Airlines (book Tickets),
• Online-Shops (buy Books and CDs),
• Search engines (e.g. Google),
• peer-to-peer applications (mp3 auf Gnutella, KaZaA)
An Example: Saving Videos and searcing for Scenes
Find all Musicvideos with Eminem
Find all Scenes with Sunset
Approximative Matching of XML
Data
Q1
Q3
Data tree
Q2
Document1
Query closure
Introduction
Query and Data Modeling Semantics and Eval Schema based Eval
Conclusion
Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence deals with problems, which are
- hard to solve for a computers,
- easily solved by humans
(because humans are intelligent – in most case :)
Examples:
Face Recognition
Speech Recognition
Agility
Robotics: AI with mechanic body
Interdisciplinary:
- Mechanics
- electronics
- algorithms
- communication.
Application:
- robot soccer
Questions:
• How does a robot recognize
Objects on the field?
• Which is the ideal route he
should take?
• Which actions should the
robot perform?
Programing Languages
• There are various kinds of programs:
– Programs prescripe the way how to perform calculations.
– A variety of programs can be formed by concatenation of
computer instructions .
– Programs are parts of huge EDV-Systems.
• Programs are written using programming languages.
There are various kinds of programming languages,
each focused on another range of problems.
• Programming is mathematically exacting.
• Programming is an engineers job.
Programming Languages (Part 2)
• How can programs get created more efficiently and
secure ?
• How can one avoid coding errors, or how can they be
found automatically ?
• How may properties of programs get verified ?
• Which tools takes it to simplify the process of
programming ?
Distributed Systems
 How to build a big software system
out of existing components – with
low effort ? (" reuse components")
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Languages, methods and tools
for simplifying the development
of distributed compter systems?
 Visualisation and animation of programs
System Software:
Operating Systems and Middleware
Distributed Application
Middleware (CORBA, .NET, ...)
Linux
Windows
MacOS
.....
Abstraction of distributed application parts, i.e. procedure remote calls

Tools and infrastructure for distributed systems

concurrent computing in the net

component based spreaded systems

Netsecurity access control
Theoretical Computer Science
Focus: geometric and combinatorial Algorithms
Geometrical Methods in the Astronautics
• Identification of the position and orientation of the satellite Tubsat
(Techn. Univ. Berlin) using an onboard camera, that records
constellations, which is then transfered to the home base.
• The position and orientation of the satellite are found by mapping
the pictures into an electronic celestial map and calculating the
satellites distance.
Theoretical Computer Science
Record of the satellite
Extracted pattern
Theoretical Computer Science
Located
constellation
CS in Education and Society
How is Computer Science related to Education and
Society?
• Good teachers needed for Computer
Science as school subject
• Necessary: Didactics and
new Methods of Teaching
• Support of Living and Learning, e.g. by
using of internet
• Effects on Society, e.g. new professions
and computer support at work.
New Teaching Methods
• Pupils from Japan and Deutschland are
learning together via E-Mail, internet and
video meetings
New Teaching Methods
• Pupils design artificial kaleidoscopes and learn
geometry
New Teaching Methods
• E-Learning
e.g. teams of pupils or students are working in projects
and get support and advice over the internet
Technical Computer Science and
Mobile Communications
Computers
• get continuously smaller,
• are hidden in items or
environment,
• communicate with each
other,
• outnumber humans,
• haven`t to be PCs!
motion
sound
radio
infrared
vibration
Sensor for environmental data capturing
Technical Computer Science and
Mobile Communications
Challenges:
• Adaption to many different
scenarios
• Possibility of controlling many
computers
• Mobile internet
• Automatical interconnection