Transcript neumann - Mathematics & Computer Science

John von Neumann:
Multifaceted Genius
Bixin Chen, COMP 1631, Winter
2011
“ There are two kinds of people in the world:
Johnny von Neumann and the rest of us.”--Eugene Wigner, a Nobel Prize–winning
physicist
Outline
• Background
• Contributions
---Mathematics
---Nuclear Physics
---Economics
---Computer Science
---Influences
• Conclusion
Background
• Nationalities:
Hungarian American
• 1903.12.181957.02.08
• Academic area:
Mathematics,
computer science,
physics, politics,
economics
Mathematics
Set theory
---deals with the fundamental concept of sets
and functions ---used everywhere in
Mathematics
the Ratio of the Mean Square
Successive Difference to the Variance
Cellular Automation
Is a decentralized
computing model
providing an
excellent platform for
performing complex
computation with the
help of only local
information.
Nuclear Physics
• Quantum Mechanics
----- the nature of atomic particles and
the laws that govern their actions
• developing the "implosion lens" of high
explosives
--- compress the plutonium.
Economics
• Game Theory
---Minimax Theorem: Existence of a
saddle-point solution to 2 person, zero
sum games
“Theory of Games and
Economic Behavior”
classic work upon which modern-day game
theory is based.
revolutionize economics
used to analyze a host of real-world phenomena
from arms races to optimal policy choices of
presidential candidates
Computer Architecture
• Proposed “Electronic Discrete Variable
Automatic Computer” (EDVAC) in
1950, including:
---Binary System
---stored program
---conditional control transfer
ADVANTAGES OF BINARY-BASED
CIRCUITRY
The design of a computer that handled
two digits instead of 10 was infinitely
more simplified.
Cost was reduced
reliability improved
Why is EDVAC important?
Both the data and the program be stored
in memory at the same time
Programs could be changed with the
same speed and ease as data
Influences
John Von Neumann Theory prize
--- awarded annually to a scholar(s) who has made
fundamental, sustained contributions to theory
in operations research and the management
sciences.
IEEE John von Neumann Medal
---outstanding achievements in computer-related
science and technology.
The proposal laid out the concepts behind
the modern electronic digital computer!
Conclusion
John von Neumann had great on:
-Mathematics:
-Physics
-Computer Science
-Economics
Still, he has influences on science
development, like IEEE John von Neumann
Medal.
References
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Levis, Philip. "Johnathan Von Neumann and EDVAC" Berkeley
(2004): n. pag. Web. 2 Feb. 2011
"1945 Electronic Digital Computers__John von Neumann."
Thinkquest. Web. 3 Feb. 2011.
"Advantages of Binary-Based Circuitry." Tpub. Web. 3 Feb.
2011.
"John von Neumann Theory Prize." Informs. Web. 3 Feb. 2011.
"IEEE John von Neumann Medal." IEEE. Web. 3 Feb. 2011.
"Von Neumann, Ville and the Minimax Theorem."
WorldScientific. Web. 3 Feb. 2011.
"Theory of Games and Economic Behavior." Pdf Ebooks free
download. Web. 3 Feb. 2011.
Ganguly, N. Sikdar, B., Deutshc, A., Canright G. "A Survey on
Cellular Automata " Unibo: n. pag. Web. 2 Feb. 2011
References
Bochner, S. "John von Neumann" National Academy of Science
(1958): n. pag. Web. 2 Feb. 2011.
" John von Neumann: The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics."
Economics Library. Web. 3 Feb. 2011.
Turocy, Theodore L., Stengal, Bernhard, V.. "Game Theory"
Encyclopedia of Imformation (2002): n. pag. Web. 2 Feb. 2011.
Stephan, F. "Set Theory" Semester I (2009): n. pag. Web. 2 Feb.
2011.
Kunkle, Daniel R. "John von Neumann: Genius of Man and
Machine." Student of Computer Science - Artificial Life and
Intelligence. Web. 3 Feb. 2011.