03MKT_Planning
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Transcript 03MKT_Planning
Marketing:
Building
Blueprints
for Business
&
Marketers Advertisers
Many different types of marketers
Packaged goods
&
Marketers Advertisers
Many different types of marketers
Packaged goods
Durable Goods
&
Marketers Advertisers
Many different types of marketers
Packaged goods
Durable Goods
Services
&
Marketers Advertisers
Many different types of marketers
Packaged goods
Durable Goods
Services
Retailers
&
Marketers Advertisers
Many different types of marketers
Packaged goods
Durable Goods
Services
Retailers
High Tech
&
Marketers Advertisers
Many different types of marketers
Packaged goods
Durable Goods
Services
Retailers
High Tech
And more
But they all have similar methodologies
and organizations.
&
Marketers Advertisers
Today we’ll cover…
The Marketing Function - 4 Ps
The Marketing Department
Organizational Structure
Types of Jobs
The Marketing Process
Challenges for the Future
“Marketing is Everything”
Marketing has become the dominant and
often most critical business function
Manufacturing techniques and resources
are now less critical, often easy to obtain
Brand equity and intellectual capital are
now more critical, harder to duplicate
Business is evolving from manufacture of
goods to manufacture of “thinking”
“The Four Ps”
Critical Marketing Decisions
Product
Price
Place (physical distribution)
Promotion
All types of promotional activities
Advertising, Sales Promotion, PR, etc.
1. Product
Product may be “tangible”
Packaged goods
Durable goods
Product may be a service
Product may be a combination
Products are “bundles of benefits”
2. Price
Key part of “value equation”
At the price, product must have some
measure of “functional superiority.”
Price must also contain margin
For funding of necessary activities...
and profit
Price can send additional signals
Can be a strategy in itself, or, more likely,
part of a strategy
3. Place
Similar products can make different
“place” decisions
Example: Coffee
Folgers
3. Place
Similar products can make different
“place” decisions
Example: Coffee
Folgers
Gevalia
3. Place
Similar products can make different
“place” decisions
Example: Coffee
Folgers
Gevalia
Starbucks
A Critical Decision
4. Promotion
A range of marketing communications
(MarCom) techniques can be used:
Advertising
Sales Promotion
Public Relations
Publicity
Internet/New Media
Direct Sales
Direct Marketing
Event Marketing
Trade Shows
Promotional
Products
The Marketing Mix
The right combinations of . . .
Demand
Example: Price/Supply
Marketing Variables
Four P Variables
Promotional Variables
Marketing Strategy . . .
Unique Combinations
Unique Marketing Strategies
Example:
Early auto industry
Ford - Product/Price
GM - Product/Value
GM - Multiple Brands
Unique Combinations
Unique Marketing Strategies
Example:
Early auto industry
Ford - Product/Price
GM - Product/Value
GM - Multiple Brands
Example: Bose
Promotion + Place
Direct instead of stores
Marketing Departments
2 Types of Organization
Vertical Organization
Traditional military “command” structure
Clear lines of responsibility
Seems to work best when there are
numerous similar products
Horizontal Organization
More fluid “ad hoc” structure
Organize around needs and functions
Top Job Functions:
For both types of organizations
CEO, COO, CMO
Chief Executive Officer
Chief Operating Officer
Chief Marketing Officer
Top Marketing person
“Heavy hitter” 35+
CFO, CIO
Chief Financial Officer
Chief Information Officer
Vertical Organization
Example: Oscar Mayer (KGF)
Consumer Products
V.P.
Marketing
Category Manag er
Lunch Pak
Brand
Manager
Ham
Brand
Manager
Turkey
Ass istant
Brand
Manager
Ass istant
Brand
Manager
Category Manag er
Hot Dogs
Brand
Manager
Ass orted
Brand
Manager
Main Line
Ass istant
Brand
Manager
Brand
Ass istant
Brand
Manager
Smokies
Category Manag er
Breakfast/New Products
Brand
Manager
New
Products
Brand
Manager
Bacon &
Sausage
Brand
Manager
New
Products
Ass istant
Brand
Manager
Ass istant
Brand
Manager
Brand
Ass istant
Jobs in Vertical Organization
Category Manager
Veteran (in 30s)
Major overall responsibility
Nurture/grow brands and brand managers
Brand Manager
Up from Assistant (mid-20s)
Responsible for one brand only
“It’s your baby”
Succeed or die
Horizontal Organization
Example: McDonnell-Douglas (2 groups)
CEO
COO, Sr. VP
VP, F-15
VP, F/A-18
Marketing
Manager
Production
Manager
Finance
Manager
Advertising
Plant
Cost
Accounting
Trade Shows
Suppliers
Navy Customer
Customer
Foreign Customers
Customers
R&D
Manager
Marketing
Manager
Production
Manager
Finance
Manager
Advertising
Plant
Manager
Cost
Accounting
Trade Shows
Air Force
Customer
Jobs in Horizontal Organization
VP of Program
Must know the business
Maturity/power/clout - 35+
Marketing Manager
Marketing experience, not necessarily advertising
Responsible for all advertising, PR, sales
promotion, trade shows, etc.
Advertising Manager
May be “thrown into” role
May have little ad experience
Competition from other programs
Marketing Job Functions
Director of Marketing
Often, trained w. “feeder system”
P&G, KGF, etc.
Has become COO career path
Must manage increasing variety of MarCom
programs and suppliers
Advertising Director
Importance depends on size of budget
May also have significant responsibilities
monitoring media spending
Marketing Job Functions
Category Manager
Group Product Manager
Brand Manager
Brand Assistant
Other Staff Functions:
Sales Promotion
Media
Market Research
Field Marketing…
Bridgette Heller - from
Brand Manager Gevalia
to Category Manager for
Coffee at KGF
Field Marketing
Excellent entry level job opportunity
There are many marketers that operate
Field Marketing Organizations
Beverage Industry (Beer, Soft Drink)
Fast Food Industry
Franchise Organizations
In many cases, ad agencies that service these
marketers also provide Field Marketing
“Think Global. Act Local.”
Who Oversees Marketing
Programs?
It varies.
Examples from AdAge’s Marketing 50
Crocs
Tia Mattson
Public Relations Manager
Age 32
Bravia
Chris Fawcett
Director of Marketing for
Home Products
Yaris
Kim McCullough
Toyota Motor Sales USA
Corporate Manager Marketing Communications
Dunkin' Donuts
Will Kussell
Chief Operating Officer
Age 47
GTI
Kerri Martin
Director - Brand
Innovation
Age 36
Fanta
Stuart Kronauge
Director, Fanta
& Flavored
Carbonated
Soft Drinks
Age 36
Patrón
Ed Brown
Chief
Executive
Officer
El Reto Final Nissan
Jan Thompson
VP – Marketing
The Marketing Process
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
Planning
1. Setting overall marketing strategy
2. Developing annual marketing plan
3. Calculating annual marketing budget
Implementation
4. Assigning marketing tasks
After budgets approved, operations move from
the theoretical to the practical
NOTE: Actual costs may vary from budget plans may need to be changed “on the fly”
5. Supervising internal functions
NOTE: PR may be internal, external or both
6. Overseeing external services
Advertising, sales promotion, etc.
NOTE: Variety of MarCom program options is
growing
Evaluation:
7. Measuring and tracking efforts
Sales Results
Media Expenditures
Awareness and Usage
Ongoing Market Research programs
(tracking studies)
8. Reporting performance to management
NOTE: May be daily, weekly, or quarterly.
Trend is for more frequent reporting
9. Integrating results into planning
The cycle continues - working for
improvement wherever possible
Marketing Challenges:
Increasing importance of marketing
As mentioned, “Marketing is Everything” the
function is more important for everyone
Hyper-Competition
Too much capacity for size of market
Happening on a global scale
Examples: Automobiles, computers
Fragmentation
Consumers, Media, etc.
Harder to do “mass” marketing