Transcript Cell Structure and Function

Opener—T.G.I. Friday!! 10/2
Today, we begin the CELLS unit…
K–W–L:
What do you already KNOW
about cells? (dig around in your brain
for those memories!)
What do you WANT to know
about cells? (really, what interests
YOU?!)
We’ll fill in the “L” (learned) later!
Chapter 4:
Cell Structure and Function
AWWWWwww,
CELL!
4.1: History of Cell Biology
So, what’s a cell?
Cell:
17th century scientists were KEY!!!
Who?
Hooke
When?
What?
Who?
When?
What?
Hooke
1665
Light microscope
Cork drawings  “cells”
Leeuwenhoek
Who?
When?
What?
Hooke
1665
Light microscope
Cork drawings  “cells”
Lueewenhoek
1673
1st: living cells
MADE microscopes
Spirogyra!! 
Schleiden
Who?
When?
What?
Hooke
1665
Light microscope
Cork drawings  “cells”
Lueewenhoek
1673
1st: living cells
MADE microscopes
Spirogyra!! 
Schleiden
1838
ALL PLANTS made of cells
Schwann
Who?
When?
What?
Hooke
1665
Light microscope
Cork drawings  “cells”
Lueewenhoek
1673
1st: living cells
MADE microscopes
Spirogyra!! 
Schleiden
1838
ALL PLANTS made of cells
Schwann
1839
ALL ANIMALS made of cells
Virchow
Who?
When? What?
Hooke
1665
Light microscope
Cork drawings  “cells”
Lueewenhoek
1673
1st: living cells
MADE microscopes
Spirogyra!! 
Schleiden
1838
ALL PLANTS made of cells
Schwann
1839
ALL ANIMALS made of cells
Virchow
1900
All cells come from
pre-existing cells
“Cell Theory”
HOW much work
goes into making a theory???
Cell Theory
Developments in Cell Biology
All due to invention of the....
Remember those
characteristics of LIFE?
1.
2.
3.
4.
organized parts
obtain energy from surroundings
perform chem. Reactions (metabolism)
change over time (evolution); common
history—all are related
5. respond to environment
6. reproduce
7. homeostasis
p. 71 #1-6, 8
REVIEW
• What is a Cell?
– The smallest thing that can perform life
processes
• Who was the first person to look
at LIVING cells?
–Anton van Lueewenhoek
• Who was first to look at Dead
Cells?
–Robert Hooke
REVIEW
• What is the cell theory?
– All plants are made of cells, animals, all cells
come from cells
• What part did Schleiden plan in developing
the Cell Theory?
– all plants are made of cells
• Schwann?
– all animals are made of cells
• Virchow?
– all cells come from cells
Calculating Magnification!!!
• A biologist’s looking at a cell in the
microscope & it’s magnified 40 times.
• The cell in the photo is 2 mm in
diameter
• What’s the TRUE diameter of the cell in
micrometers (um)?
=2mm/40 = 0.05mm
0.05mm x (1000um/1mm) = 50 um
4.2: Intro
to Cells
What the CELL?!
Cell Diversity
Form follows Function!
Cell Shape
Why the differences?
Cell Size
Giraffe nerves...2 meters long
Human egg cell... “.”
But MOST are TINIER!!!
LIMITED BY:
surface area : volume
SA : Vol
Volume increases WAY faster
than SA
Important for diffusion – need to
be small enough so diff is
efficient
3 Basic Parts of a Cell
1- Plasma Membrane (cell membrane)
1. barrier
2. all materials enter/exit here
2- Cytoplasm
1. Fluid inside cell & organelles
2. Small particles & molecules
3- Control Center
1. holds DNA...NUCLEUS!
3 Basic Parts of a Cell
Yogurt! Mmmm!
• Observing Bacteria Cultures in Yogurt!
• Objective: Observe yogurt under a
microscope and sketch your observations.
• SAFETY: Microscope handling,
glassware safety, chemical safety