Transcript cells. - Effingham County Schools

The
characteristics
of living
organisms
All living things
1. All Living thing are made up of one or more
Cells
____________
2. All living things have genetic material called
__________
DNA
Develop
3. All living things _______
Grow and ______
4. All living thing use and obtain _______
Energy and
Excrete wastes
________
5. All living things _________
reproduce either sexually or
asexually
respond to the environment.
6. All living things _______
adaptations that
7. All living things must have _________
allow them to survive in their environment
8. All living things must maintain a stable internal
environment called _____________
homeostasis
1. All living things are made of cells.
• The cell is the smallest unit of life.
a. Some organisms are made up of a single cell
(unicellular). Most are too small to see.
b. Most living organisms are made up of many
cells (multicellular). These are the organisms
that you can see.
Both multicellular organisms and unicellular
organisms share all the characteristics of life.
The Cell Theory
Three parts of the Cell Theory:
1. All living things are made
up of one or more cells
2. Cells carry out the basic
functions of life.
3. Cells come from other
living cells
Two Types of Cells
• Prokaryotic (Bacteria)
– No nucleus
– No membrane-covered
organelles
– unicellular
What Kingdoms are
made from these cells?
http://www.fluwiki.info/pmwiki.php?n=Science.Glossary
Two Types of Cells
• Eukaryotic (all other
cells)
– Nucleus
– Membrane-covered
organelles
– Most are multicellular
What Kingdoms are
made from these cells?
http://www.williamsclass.com/SeventhScienceWork/CellTheoryParts.htm
Cell Membrane
• Keeps the cytoplasm inside, controls what
goes in and out of a cell.
http://court94.glogster.com/
Cell Membrane- Transport
Diffusion- Molecules
move from high
concentration to a low
concentration
Osmosis- The diffusion of
water molecules from high
concentration to low
concentation
Active TransportRequires Energy
Cell Wall
• Provides strength and support to the cell
membrane
• Only in bacteria, fungi, plants and algae
http://library.thinkquest.org/06aug/01942/plcells/cell%20wall.htm
Nucleus
• Contains the cell’s DNA
• Control center of the cell
http://library.thinkquest.org/06aug/01942/plcells/nuclues.htm
Ribosomes
• The site where amino acids are hooked
together to make proteins
http://library.thinkquest.org/06aug/01942/plcells/ribosome.htm
Endoplasmic Recticulum
• Factory of cell: Makes ribosomes and other
cell organelles
• Internal delivery system of the cell
http://www.nsf.gov/news/overviews/biology/i
nteract07.jsp
Mitochondria
• Breaks down food molecules to make
energy (Site of cellular respiration)
In a plant cell
http://library.thinkquest.org/06aug/01942/plcells/mitoch
ondria.htm
In an animal cell
http://avonapbio.pbworks.com/w/page/9429473/Mi
tochondria:-The-Powerhouse-of-a-Cell
Chloroplast
• Makes food using the energy of sunlight
(photosynthesis)
• ONLY found in plants
http://cellbiology.med.unsw.edu.au/units/science/lecture0807.htm
Golgi Complex (Golgi Body)
• Processes and transports materials out of the cell
• Packages up proteins for release from the cell
• Looks like ER, but it is closer to the cell
membrane
http://creationrevolution.com/2010/11/gol
gi-apparatus-steel-industry-of-the-simple-
/
cell-%E2%80%93-part-6
Central Vacuole
• Stores water and other materials
• Some plants wilt when their vacuoles lose
water
http://accelbiosbhs.glogster.com/Ce
ntral-Vacuole-Anisha/
Lysosomes
• Digests food particles, wastes, cell parts and
foreign invaders
http://library.thinkquest.org/06aug/01942/plcells/lysosomes.htm
Vesicles
• Stores and transports material and waste in
cell
http://www.williamsclass.com/SeventhScienceWork/CellTh
eoryParts.htm
Animal Cell
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
Plant Cell
Plant Cell