Transcript 7.1 PPT
Chapter 7 Cellular Structure and Function Section 1 Pages 182-186 What do you know about Cells? Cells are tiny! • No one even new about cells until the microscope was invented!! Section 7.1: Cell Discovery and Theory • 1665 – Robert Hooke (U.K.) – Made a simple microscope and used it to observe cork. – He saw small box-like structures and called them cellulae (Latin for small rooms). – It is from Hooke’s work that we have the term cell. Famous Old Guy 1. Robert Hook- coined the term “cell” after looking at cork • A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms. Not that kind of cell!! History of the Cell Theory • 1683 – Anton van Leeuwenhoek (Dutch) – Designed his own microscope after reviewing Hooke’s work. – Observed single-celled organisms in pond water, milk, and other substances. Famous Old Guy 1. Robert Hook- observed and documented the first cell 2. Anton van Leeuwenhoek-invented first microscope discovered “animal like” unicellular organisms. Quick Check • First person to see a cell? • Person who invented Microscope? The History Continues… • • • 1838 – Scientist discovers plants are made of cells. 1839 – Scientist discovers that animal tissue also consists of individual cells. 1855 – Scientist proposes that all cells are produced from the division of existing cells. The Cell Theory – includes three principles: 1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells. 2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and organization of all living organisms. 3. Cells arise only from previously existing cells, with parent cells passing copies of their genetic material on to their daughter cells. OMG THAT’S TOO MUCH TO WRITE! Shorter please! Cell Theory 1. Organism= 1 or more cells 2. Cells are the basic unit of life 3. Cells come from other cells the-wacky-history-of-cell-theory Microscope Technology • Developments in microscope technology have given scientists the ability to study cells in great detail. Microscope Summery 1. Compound Light Microscope-Uses light 2. Electron Microscope- uses electrons and magnets • So now using the microscope we can see all kinds of different cells! • Cells are different from one another just like people are. Cells differ based on the function they serve. Cells differ in many ways however They all have 1.Plasma Membrane 2.Genetic Material 3.Ability to break down molecules. • All cells have a plasma membrane – a special boundary that helps control what enters and leaves the cell. • All cells have Genetic Material information that directs the cell in its function. • Ex: DNA or RNA • All cells have the Ability to break down molecules. • This goes back to obtaining energy. • You eat so do cells! Two Main Types of Cells 1. Prokaryotic Cells pro = before kary = nucleus PRO=NO!! 2.Eukaryotic Cells eu = true kary = nucleus) Prokaryotic Cells • NO membrane bound organelles. • Most unicellular organisms (bacteria) are prokaryotes. Eukaryotic Cells – Bigger than prokaryotic cells – Contains organelles – Has Nucleus Organelles • Organelles are specialized structures that carry out specific functions. Yes your going to need to know all the organelles but that’s for another day!! Prokaryotic Vs. Eukaryotic • Prokaryotic cells are much simpler in structure compared to eukaryotes. • Scientists believe eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells and that prokaryotes were probably the first form of life on Earth. Review • • • • What's the Two Main types of Cells? Name one similarity. Name one difference. State the 3 parts of the cell theory. 7.1 Activity • Make a Venn diagram of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells. • Answer the questions on the Back. • If its not done its Homework.