Transcript Cells: The Basic Units of Life

“Ellie’s Dream”
By: Michael Whelan
Cells: The Basic Units of Life
Chapter 4, Section 1
The Characteristics of Cells
Robert Hooke
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Robert Hooke was the
first person to describe
cells:
In 1665 he built a
microscope.
Studied a piece of cork.
Discovered tiny boxes
and named them “cells.”
Also studied slices of
living plants.
Hooke’s Microscope and Cork
Cell Size: How big?
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
1.
2.
3.
Made his own
microscopes.
Looked at pond
scum.
Discovered singlecelled organisms
called protists.
Anton van Leewenhoek
4. Looked at animal blood and saw red cells.
5. First to see bacteria and yeast.
Activity: Cell Scientists
1.
Add some color to the foldables.
1. Cut and glue Robert and Anton onto the top
half of page 94.
2. Underneath the tab, explain how each
scientist contributed to the study of cells.
2.
On the bottom half of page 94:
1. Use your chromebook to research 2 other
scientists.
2. Explain who they are and how each
contributed to the study of cells.
1.
Include a graphic for each also.
The Cell Theory
►
1.
2.
3.
200 years later . . .
Matthias Schleiden:
In 1835, concluded
that all plant parts
were made of cells.
Theodor Schwann: In
1839, that all animal
tissues were made of
cells.
Rudolf Virchow: In
1858, stated that all
cells could only form
from other cells.
The Cell Theory
All organisms are made up of one
or more cells.
2. The cell is the basic unit of all
living things.
3. All cells come from existing cells.
1.
Cell Size: How big?
Cell Size: Some big, some small
1.
The yolk of an
egg is a big
cell.
2.
Most are too
small to be seen
without a
microscope.
Cell Size: Some big, some small
3. Cells take in food
and get rid of
wastes through
their outer surface.
4. As a cell gets
larger, it needs
more food and
produces more
waste.
Activity: Cell Theory and Beyond
1.
Part 1: Cell Theory Foldable
1. Add some color to the front.
2. Cut out and glue near the top of page 96.
3. Write the appropriate part of the cell theory
under each tab.
2.
Part 2: Two “Other” Theories (bottom of 96)
1. Use your chromebook to research 2 other
theories.
2. Give an overview of each.
3. Explain why they are theories.
4. Include a graphic for each.
Prokaryotes
Two types:
Bacteria and
Archaea
2. Single-celled
organisms that
do not have a
nucleus, but they
do have DNA.
1.
Prokaryotes
3. They do not have
membrane-bound
organelles.
4. They have
ribosomes and
strong, web-like
cell walls.
Eukaryotic Cells
1.
2.
3.
Largest cells; 10
times as large as
prokaryotes.
Contain a nucleus,
which holds DNA.
Contain
membrane-bound
organelles.
Eukaryotic Cells
4. All living things
that are not
bacteria or
archaea, are
eukaryotes.
5. Yeast and amoebas
are single-celled
eukaryotes.
Eukaryotic Cells
6. Plants and
animals are
eukaryotes
that are made
up of many
cells.
Yeast and Amoebas
Amoeba Side Note
Comparing
Activity: Pros vs. Eu’s
1.
2.
3.
4.
On the tab side of the Venn Diagram,
create an illustration representing a
prokaryote and a eukaryote.
Cut out the foldable as seen in the
example.
Underneath the tabs, write out 4 to 5
characteristics of pros and eu’s.
In the center circle, write out 2 to 3
similarities between the pros and eu’s.
► The
slides below this one were to be a
jumpstart on vocabulary. They were used
to introduce the Cornell Notes to your
second year classes. You chose not to use
them for your third year classes.
Vocabulary
► Cell:
The smallest
structural and
functional unit of
living things (the
smallest part of you,
that makes you work)
► Cell membrane: A
protective layer that
covers the cell’s
surface and acts as a
barrier.
Vocabulary
► Organelles:
Structures
that have specific jobs
inside the cell.
► Nucleus: An organelle
that contains the cell’s
DNA and has a role in
processes such as
growth, metabolism,
and reproduction
(control center of the
cell).
Animal Cell and Plant Cell
Activity: Vocab Foldables
1.
Define the following Terms
1.
2.
3.
4.
2.
3.
4.
Cell
Cell Membrane
Organelle
Nucleus
Glue back side of foldable onto pg 48
Cut along the dotted line
Complete the four tasks for each word