Transcript LESSON-I b MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION

CONCEPT
MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION
Presented by
Neelima Mishra
Amazing life !
HOW DID IT EVOLVE?
OVERALL CURRICULUM EXPECTATION
C 2. Investigate evolutionary processes,
and analyse scientific evidence that
supports the theory of evolution;
C 3. Demonstrate the understanding of the
theory of evolution, the evidence that
supports it, and some of the mechanisms
by which it occurs
SPECIFIC EXPECTATION
C2.1 use appropriate terminology related to evolution
C2.2 use a research process to investigate some of the key factors
that affect the evolutionary process
C2.4 investigate, through a case study or computer simulation, the
process of natural selection and artificial selection and analyse the
different mechanisms by which it occurs
C3.4 describe some evolutionary mechanisms and explain how they
affect the evolutionary development and extinction of various
species
CONCEPT OVERVIEW
MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION
Mechanisms
Altering Gene and
Gene Frequency
Mechanisms
Deciding the Fate
of Altered Gene
RECOMBINATION
SELECTION
NON RANDOM
MATING
MUTATION
NATURAL
SELECTION
GENETIC DRIFT
GENE FLOW
STABILIZING
SELECTION
SEXUAL
SELECTION
DIRECTIONAL
SELECTION
KIN SELECTION
DISRUPTIVE
SELECTION
BIOTECHNOLOGY
ARTIFICIAL
SELECTION
LESSON-I a
MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION
INTRODUCTION
ASSESSMENT FOR LEARNING- Evolution survey
http://www.indiana.edu/~ensiweb/lessons/ev.surv.pdf
•Class discussion on various misconceptions.
• Brief review of meaning of evolution and
Evidences of evolution
LESSON-I b
“The Hook”
MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZiEqcQtxuDs
&feature=view_all&list=PL2A057978091E5780&
index=1
--till18.17 minutes
Ask how many mechanisms they are already
familiar with?
CONCEPT OVERVIEW AND VOCBULARY
Concept overview with the help of flow chart.
Students complete blank copy of flow chart.
Students write vocabulary from text book.
LESSON-II a
MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION
GENETIC RECOMBINATION
Students are familiar with these concepts.
We need to discuss the role of these
mechanisms in altering genes.
1.Video to review meiosis as a source of
genetic variation.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kCnQOrh
7KUg
2. Student will share their understanding of
role meiosis in creating genetic variation
with their partner.
LESSON-II b
MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION
MUTATION
3. Introduce definition of mutation.
Students will watch the video to
understand different mutation and will
take notes.
Gene Mutation
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uQi
GUAeh3TE&feature=mfu_inorder&list=U
L
Chromosomal Mutationhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XAG
xp9j5rtc&feature=related
4.Explain the difference between
somatic and gamete cell mutations and
the role that they play in cancer and
evolution respectively.
LESSON-II c
MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION
NON-RANDOM MATING
Explain the meaning , types
And
discuss evolutionary
consequences of
non random mating
on gene pool
LESSON-III a
MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION
GENETIC DRIFT
1.Teacher will introduce the concept of genetic drift, bottleneck
effect and founder effect with examples. Use pictures to help them
visualise different scenario.
2.Discuss Founder effect-(Different ethnic
groups in Canada--- effect on gene pool)
LESSON-III b
3. Demonstrate the bottleneck
effect .
4.Ask students to research more
scenario and example.
5.Student will do the following
activityhttp://www.delaneyweb.com/te
ems/miniunit/
geneticdriftactivity.html
MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION
LESSON-III c
GENE FLOW
Discussion to assess the effect
of emigration, immigration on
the frequency and variety of
genes.
http://www.delaneyweb.com/t
eems/miniunit/geneflowactivity
.html
How gene flow affects the
differences in two populations.
BIOTECHNOLOGY
Explain the meaning and ask
students to write about the
effect of this artificial gene
alteration and share the
opinions with class.
MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION
LESSON-IV a
MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION
NATURAL SELECTION
Clip Bird Activity
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibr
ary/search/lessonsummary.php?audie
nce_level[3]=912&topic_id=&keywords=&type_id=2
&sort_by=resource_title&Submit=Se
arch&thisaudience=912&resource_id=35
Optional – Gizmo Activity-Natural Selection
http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.d
spDetail&ResourceID=447&ClassID=0
LESSON-IV b
MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION
NATURAL SELECTION
Explain stabilizing, directional
and disruptive selection using
transparencies and projector.
Provide one example and ask
students to contribute.
LESSON-V
MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION
Special forms of natural selection
1. Sexual selection
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/
01/6/l_016_09.html
2.Kin selection – discuss altruistic behaviour in animal kingdom
Cumulative Selection- Playing card activity
http://www.indiana.edu/~ensiweb/lessons/n
s.cum.l.html
LESSON-VI
MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION
ARTIFICIAL SELECTION
Gizmo Simulation Activity
http://www.explorelearning.com/inde
x.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&
ResourceID=575&ClassID=0
Dog Breeding- Classroom Activity- optional
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/search/lessonsummary.php?au
dience_level[3]=912&topic_id=&keywords=&type_id=2&sort_by=resource_title&Submit
=Search&thisaudience=9-12&resource_id=216
STUDENT’S MISCONCEPTIONS
#1 Evolution results in progress; organisms are always getting
better through evolution.
#2 Individual organisms can evolve during a single lifespan.
#3Natural selection is about survival of the very fittest
individuals in a population.
#4 Natural selection produces organisms perfectly suited to
their environments
STUDENT’S MISCONCEPTIONS
#5 “Natural selection involves organisms ‘trying’ to adapt.”
#6 “Natural selection gives organisms what they ‘need. ”
#7 Genetic drift only occurs in small populations
For Rectification of these misconceptions please refer to summary
hand out
SAFETY
1. Simulations are best conducted under low light conditions.
Students should remain at their lab stations while light levels are
low.
2. Beads are a hazard if dropped on the floor. Students can easily trip
on round beads. Ensure that student pick up any dropped bead
immediately.
3. Require accounting for all items supplied to prevent any items
from remaining on the site. This requirement conserves resources
and prevents harms to other using the site.
APPLICATIONS AND SOCIETAL ISSUES
Understanding evolution helps us solve biological problems that impact our
lives
An understanding of evolution of drug resistance, origin of disease and
processes of evolution may provide clues about how to treat them.
Knowledge of genetic variation and evolutionary relationships helps farmers
improve the ability of crops to resist disease.
APPLICATIONS AND SOCIETAL ISSUES
An understanding of how pesticide resistance evolves can provide strategies
to minimize pest damage.
It can also help conservationists make decisions about where to focus their
efforts for conservation of endangered species
SUGGESTIONS
1. Field trip
2.Case study
3.Web casthttp://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/evolution/lecture
s.html
EVALUATION
Assessment For Learning – Diagnostic test to find out Misconceptions.
Assessment AS Learning- Observation, Questioning, Assessing
Students’ worksheet , classroom and online activities.
Assessment Of Learning- paper-pencil test