Transcript Evolution and the Industrial Revolution

Evolution and the Industrial
Revolution
David Johnson
Life Science Per.4
Ms. Blackshear
Charles Darwin
 Who was Darwin?
– Charles Darwin was a
naturalist that took a trip on
the H.M.S. Beagle to the
Galapagos Islands in 18311836. The different animals
and plants that he saw on
this trip lead him to his
theory of evolution by natural
selection.
Evidence From the Galapagos
 What did Darwin observe?
– On the trip to the Galapagos Islands Darwin
noticed that the finches had many different beak
shapes. These differences were due to the
variety of foods that the birds ate. Darwin
concluded that these beaks changes in shape
over time so that the birds could adapt to the
environment. Being able to adapt is necessary
for survival so that one can compete for
resources.
Definitions
 What is evolution?
– Evolution is defined as
the gradual change in a
species over time.
 What is natural
selection?
– Natural selection is a
situation in which an
organism is better
adapted to its
environment which
makes it more likely to
survive and reproduce.
Natural Selection Concept Map
Graphs of Peppered Moth
Populations
Dark Moth Population
500
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Series1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Years after start of Industrial
Revolution
Number of Moths
Moth Population
Light Moth Population
400
300
200
100
450
380400
360
330
300
250
200
160
100
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Years after start of Industrial
Revolution
Series1
What do the graphs show?
 The population of light peppered moths were high
before the Industrial revolution and the population
of dark moths was low. Once the Industrial
revolution began thick smoke and soot caused the
trees where the moths rested to become
darkened. This made it easier for predators to see
the light moths and as a result they were more
likely to get eaten by the predators than the darker
moths. The variation within the species of moth
allowed the darker moths to be able to survive
much better than the lighter moths and as a result
their population grew.