Transcript Evolution - WordPress.com

Week May 27-May 30
– Notes on Evolution and receive
review sheet for final!
 Tuesday
– Review flipbook and receive
passed back work
 Wednesday
 Thursday
 Friday
– Review flipbook
– Review and Jeopardy
Yesterday
 Turn
in what you completed yesterday at
the stations.
 If
you weren’t here, you can come in at
lunch on Monday, after school Monday, or
Tuesday to complete this!
 It
is EXTRA CREDIT for everyone!!
 WEEKEND!
 What
did you do?
EVOLUTION!
 What
does that word mean to you?
 TURN
IN
Charles Darwin
 Born

Feb 12, 1809
Same day as Abraham Lincoln
 *H.M.S.
Beagle - traveled around the world
 *Galapagos Islands


*Looked at finches – a small song bird
*Also studied turtles on the different islands
 *On
trip home came up with his popular
book “The Origin of Species”
 During
his travels, Darwin made numerous
observations and collected evidence that
led him to propose a revolutionary
hypothesis about the way life changes
over time.
 *He helped support the THEORY of
Evolution.
 *Darwin
observed that the characteristics
of many animals and plants varied
noticeably among the different islands of
the Galapagos.
 See how the turtles are different on the
three different islands.
Did Darwin come up with
Evolution?

*Darwin didn’t come up with Evolution, but
he did come up with the process that helps
describe how evolution occurs
 Natural
Selection
Evolution
Natural Selection
Evolution
 *Evolution
means a change over
time or descent with modification
 *It
occurs in populations, not
individuals in response to
environmental pressures
 *Natural
selection is the
mechanism of evolution (the way
it happens)
Natural Selection
*Natural Selection: Nature selects the
best adapted varieties to survive and to
reproduce.
*Individuals with a variation of a trait that
gave them an advantage in staying alive
longer and to reproduce, which passes
these strong traits on to future
generations.

Example: Galapagos finches with beaks suited to eat
cactus got more food in one environment, others with
beak shapes able to get nectar from flowers in different
environments able to survive and reproduce.

*Natural selection due to the following
reasons:
*1. Overproduction – organisms produce
more offspring than can survive
Fun Facts: A fern plant may produce 50 million spores
each year. If they all survived, in the second year they
would nearly cover North America. An oyster may
shed 114,000,000 eggs in a single spawning season. If
they all survived, the ocean would be literally filled with
oysters.
Natural Selection
Variation – Within a
population there are
many differences
between organisms.
These differences are
inherited.
 *2.

Examples:
• Color in flowers
• Length of antlers in elk
• Height in humans
• Shape of beak in birds
Natural Selection

*3. Struggle for existence –
There are limited resources, so
living things must compete
against each other to stay alive.

*4. Survival of the fittest – Only
the organisms best adapted to
the environment will live
Natural Selection

*5. Populations evolve – Over time, the
favorable adaptations are passed on and the
entire population changes
Artificial Selection
 *Artificial
selection occurs
when humans select the
best traits for plants and
animals

*(Can you think of examples?
• Disease-resistant crops
• Beefy cattle
• Horse racing
• Dog breeding
• Lab testing with rats and mice
– putting desired traits within
their genes
Adaptations

*Adaptations are genetic changes that increase
the survival of a population
Types of Adaptations
– Organisms that copy the
appearance of another species for
protection
 *Mimicry
Types of Adaptations

*Camouflage – When an organism blends in to
its surroundings