Transcript 1.2 PPT - gessramsey

1.2 Cells
• An analogy is a way to understand new ideas by
making a comparison.
• A factory can be used as an analogy for the cell.
• Parts of the cell that allow the cell to survive are called
organelles.
• Organelles take up about 5 to 30 percent of the cell.
The rest of the cell consists of water.
How is the Newo colony similar to
a factory?
See pages 22 - 24
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The cell membrane protects the cell and
regulates the movement of particles in and
out of the cell.
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Cytoplasm, the jelly-like substance within
the cell, contains organelles, water, and
other life supporting materials.
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The nucleus:
 controls all the activities within the
cell.
 contains deoxyribonucleic acid
(DNA).
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Nuclear
membrane
Nuclear
pore
Nucleolus
Chromatin
Nucleoplasm
The mitochondria are the organelles that
produce energy in the cell.
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Mitochondria Animation/Movie:
http://www.teachersdomain.org/resources/tdc02/sci/life/cell/mitoch
ondria/index.html
Energy in the Cell
• When the cell changes chemical energy, in the food
we eat, to energy the cell can use, it is called cellular
respiration.
• The total of all the chemical reactions that take place
in our cells is called our metabolism.
See page 26
Cellular Respiration
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• Proteins are essential for all life and are
assembled by the ribosomes.
• Proteins then pass through the
endoplasmic reticulum and are placed
in vesicles by the Golgi body.
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Vacuoles are temporary storage
compartments.
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Lysosomes break down food particles, cell
wastes, and worn-out organelles.
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Lysosome Animation: http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072437316/student_view0/chapter5/a
nimations.html#
The Difference Between Plant
and Animal Cells
• Plant cells have two parts that are not
found in animal cells:
 Cell Wall
 protects the cell and gives cell shape
 Chloroplasts
 change the Sun’s energy into chemical
energy
Locate the cell wall and
chloroplast
See pages 29-30
Photosynthesis
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Cell Theory
• The cell is the basic unit of life.
• All organisms are composed of one or more
cells.
• All cells come from other living cells.
See pages 31-32
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Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
Cells
Cells are classified into two groups:
Prokaryotic cells have
organelles that are not
surrounded by
membranes.
Eukaryotic cells have
organelles that are
surrounded by
membranes.
Eukaryotic cells are
usually larger than
prokaryotic cells.
See page 32
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Bacteria and Viruses
Bacteria are prokaryotic cells.
• Some bacteria cause diseases
such as: tuberculosis and
strep throat.
• Helpful bacteria are used to
make food such as: cheese
and yogurt.
• Bacteria are often grouped by
the shape of their cells.
See pages 33 - 34
(c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007
Bacteria and Viruses
Viruses are not living.
• HIV, chicken pox, and the flu are examples of
viruses.
• Viruses do not contain any cell organelles but
reproduce by using a host cell.
Take the Section 1.2 Quiz
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