Transcript Cell Structure and Function

Unit 1: The Language of Science

communicate and apply scientific information extracted from
various sources (3.B)

evaluate models according to their limitations in representing
biological objects or events (3.E)

communicate valid conclusions supported by the data through
various methods (2.H)
Unit 2: Cell Structure and Function

describe the specialized parts of a cell and their specific
functions (4.B)

compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells (4.A)

investigate and explain homeostasis (4.B)

investigate and explain energy conversions (4.B)

investigate and explain active and passive transport of
molecules (4.B)

investigate and explain synthesis of new molecules (4.B)
Unit 3: Cell Growth and Differentiation

describe the stages of the cell cycle (5.A)

explain and model deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) replication
(5.A)

explain and model mitosis (5.A)

relate the cell cycle to the growth of organisms (5.A)

examine and characterize specialized cells, including roots,
stems, leaves, blood, muscle, and epithelium (5.B)

describe the roles of DNA, ribonucleic acid (RNA), and
environmental factors in cell differentiation (5.B)
Unit 4: Disease and Immunity

summarize the role of microorganisms in both maintaining and
disrupting the health of organisms (11.C)

compare the structures of viruses to cells (4.C)

describe viral reproduction (4.C)

describe the role of viruses in causing diseases (4.C)

describe the interactions that occur among systems that perform
the functions of defense from injury or illness in animals (10.A)

recognize that disruptions of the cell cycle lead to diseases such
as cancer (5.D)
Unit 5: Genes

identify components of DNA (6.A)

describe how information for specifying the traits of an
organism is carried in the DNA (6.A)

recognize that components that make up the genetic code are
common to all organisms (6.B)

explain the purpose and process of transcription and
translation using models of DNA and RNA (6.C)

recognize that gene expression is a regulated process (6.D)

identify and illustrate changes in DNA (6.E.)

evaluate the significance of changes in DNA (6.E)
Unit 6: Heredity

predict possible outcomes of monohybrid crosses (6.F)

predict possible outcomes of dihybrid crosses (6.F)

predict possible outcomes of non-Mendelian inheritance (6.F)

explain and model meiosis (6.G)

recognize the significance of meiosis to sexual reproduction
(6.H)

describe how DNA fingerprinting is used to study genomes
(6.H)

describe how chromosomal analysis is used to study genomes
(6.H)

describe how genetic modifications are used to study
genomes (6.H)
Unit 7: Evolutionary Theory

analyze and evaluate how evidence of common ancestry
among groups is provided by the fossil record and
biogeography (7.A)

analyze and evaluate how evidence of common ancestry is
provided by anatomical, molecular, and developmental
homologies (7.A)

analyze and evaluate scientific explanations concerning any
data of sudden appearance, stasis, and sequential nature of
groups in the fossil record (7.B)

analyze and evaluate scientific explanations concerning the
complexity of the cell (7.G)

analyze and evaluate the effects of other evolutionary
mechanisms, including genetic drift, gene flow, mutation, and
recombination (7.F)
Unit 8: Natural Selection

analyze and evaluate how natural selection produces change
in populations, not individuals (7.C)

analyze and evaluate how inherited variation results in
differential reproductive success (7.D)

analyze and evaluate how the potential of a population to
produce more offspring than can survive results in differential
reproductive success (7.D)

analyze and evaluate how a finite supply of environmental
resources results in differential reproductive success (7.D)

analyze and evaluate the relationship of natural selection to
adaptation and to the development of diversity in and among
species (7.E)
Unit 9: Taxonomy

define taxonomy (8.A)

recognize the importance of a standardized taxonomic system
to the scientific community (8.A)

categorize organisms using a hierarchical classification system
based on similarities and differences shared among groups
(8.B)

compare characteristics of taxonomic groups, including
archaea, bacteria, protists, fungi, plants, and animals (8.C)
Unit 10: Metabolic Processes

compare the structures and functions of different types of
biomolecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and
nucleic acids (9.A)

compare the reactants and products of photosynthesis and
cellular respiration in terms of energy and matter (9.B)

identify and investigate the role of enzymes (9.C)

analyze and evaluate the evidence regarding formation of
simple organic molecules and their organization into long
complex molecules having information such as the DNA
molecule for self-replicating life (9.D)
Unit 11: Interactions of Systems

describe the interactions that occur among systems that
perform the functions of regulation in animals (10.A)

describe the interactions that occur among systems that
perform the functions of nutrient absorption in animals (10.A)

describe the interactions that occur among systems that
perform the functions of reproduction in animals (10.A)

describe the interactions that occur among systems that
perform the functions of transport, reproduction, and
response in plants (10.B)

analyze the levels of organization in biological systems and
relate the levels to each other and to the whole system (10.C)
Unit 12: Stimulus and Response

describe the role of internal feedback mechanisms in the
maintenance of homeostasis (11.A)

investigate and analyze how organisms, populations, and
communities respond to external factors (11.B)

summarize the role of microorganisms in both maintaining
and disrupting the health of both organisms and ecosystems
(11.C)

describe how events and processes that occur during
ecological succession can change populations and species
diversity (11.D)
Unit 13: Interdependence

interpret predator/prey relationships among organisms (12.A)

compare and contrast parasitism, commensalism, and
mutualism, and competition among organisms (12.A)

analyze benefits and consequences of competition among
organisms (12.A)

compare variations and adaptations of organisms in different
ecosystems (12.B)

recognize that long-term survival of species is dependent on
changing resource bases that are limited (12.D)

describe how environmental change can impact ecosystem
stability (12.F)
Unit 14: Interactions in Ecosystems

analyze the flow of matter and energy through trophic levels
using food chains (12.C)

analyze the flow of matter and energy through trophic levels
using food webs (12.C)

analyze the flow of matter and energy through trophic levels
using ecological pyramids (12.C)

describe the flow of matter through the carbon and nitrogen
cycles (12.D)

explain the consequences of disrupting the carbon and
nitrogen cycles (12.E)