Transcript REVIEW DAY

REVIEW DAY
• 2. James Hutton’s and Charles Lyell’s
work was important to Darwin because
these scientists
• a. explained volcanoes and earthquakes.
• b. explained all geologic events on Earth.
• c. suggested that Earth was old enough
for evolution to have occurred.
• d. refuted the work of Lamarck, which was
based on misunderstandings.
• 2. James Hutton’s and Charles Lyell’s
work was important to Darwin because
these scientists
• a. explained volcanoes and earthquakes.
• b. explained all geologic events on Earth.
• c. suggested that Earth was old enough
for evolution to have occurred.
• d. refuted the work of Lamarck, which was
based on misunderstandings.
• 7. The idea that only famine, disease, and
war could prevent the endless growth of
human populations was presented by
• a. Charles Darwin.
• b. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck.
• c. Thomas Malthus.
• d. Charles Lyell.
• 7. The idea that only famine, disease, and
war could prevent the endless growth of
human populations was presented by
• a. Charles Darwin.
• b. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck.
• c. Thomas Malthus.
• d. Charles Lyell.
• 7. A human’s arm, and cat’s forelimb, a whales flipper, and a
bat’s wing ALL have similar bone structure consisting of a
humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges.
(See figure 15-2)
• This is an example of
• a. examples of fossils.
• b. homologous structures.
• c. acquired traits.
• d. examples of natural variation.
• 7. A human’s arm, and cat’s forelimb, a whales flipper, and a
bat’s wing ALL have similar bone structure consisting of a
humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges.
(See figure 15-2)
• This is an example of
• a. examples of fossils.
• b. homologous structures.
• c. acquired traits.
• d. examples of natural variation.
• 3. When lions prey on a herd of antelopes,
some antelopes are killed and some
escape. Which part of Darwin’s concept of
natural selection might be used to
describe this situation?
• a. acquired characteristics
• b. reproductive isolation
• c. survival of the fittest
• d. descent with modification
• 3. When lions prey on a herd of antelopes,
some antelopes are killed and some
escape. Which part of Darwin’s concept of
natural selection might be used to
describe this situation?
• a. acquired characteristics
• b. reproductive isolation
• c. survival of the fittest
• d. descent with modification
Draw 2 organisms that
demonstrate how animals
change together, and explain
why they show co-evolution.
Draw 2 organisms that
demonstrate how animals
change together, and explain
why they show co-evolution.
Answers will vary:
Some of the class responses were
The flower and Insect Mouth
What does this diagram
show?
SPECIATION
Thomas Malthus reasoned
that if ____________
____________ continued to
grow unchecked sooner or
later there would be
insufficient living space and
food.
Thomas Malthus reasoned
that if human population
continued to grow unchecked
sooner or later there would be
insufficient living space and
food.
Hutton and Lyel helped
scientists recognize that
evolution could only function if
the earth was ________ of
years old.
Hutton and Lyel helped
scientists recognize that
evolution could only function if
the earth was 1,000,000 of
years old.
If a dog breeder only allows
certain animals to breed
based on their traits this is
called ______________
selection.
If a dog breeder only allows
certain animals to breed
based on their traits this is
called artificial selection.
Draw an animal that has an
adaptation that helps it to
survive
Bird: wings
Human: legs
What is a vestigial structure?
Homologous structures that are reduced in
size that are no longer functional
What is an animal that has an
vestigial structure.
Whale and pelvic bone
Human and appendix
All of the genes in a species
population makes up the
population’s __________
__________
All of the genes in a species
population makes up the
population’s Gene Pool
A change in the sequence
(order) of DNA is a
__________
A change in the sequence
(order) of DNA is a mutation
What is a polygenic trait?
Phenotype influenced by many genes
The two main sources of genetic variation
are
• a. genotypes and phenotypes.
• b. gene shuffling and mutations.
• c. single-gene traits and polygenic traits.
• d. directional selection and disruptive
selection.
The two main sources of genetic variation
are
• a. genotypes and phenotypes.
• b. gene shuffling and mutations.
• c. single-gene traits and polygenic traits.
• d. directional selection and disruptive
selection.
One similarity between natural selection and
genetic drift is that both events
• a. are based completely on chance.
• b. begin with one or more mutations.
• c. involve a change in a population’s allele
frequencies.
• d. take place only in very small groups.
One similarity between natural selection and
genetic drift is that both events
• a. are based completely on chance.
• b. begin with one or more mutations.
• c. involve a change in a population’s allele
frequencies.
• d. take place only in very small groups.
This diagram shows
__________ __________
This diagram shows
Genetic Drift
What is Genetic Drift?
Change in frequency of a gene
variant (allele) due to random
What is geographic isolation?
Species isolated due to the
geography of the environment.
Eventually new species
development
What is behavioral isolation?
Reproductive isolation in which
two populations have
differences in courtship rituals
or other types of behavior that
prevents them from
interbreeding
Draw/Give an example of
temporal isolation
Who created this experiment
that attempted to demonstrate
the formation of organic
molecules?
Miller and Urey
6. Darwin was prompted to
publish his theory of evolution
by…
a. An essay by Wallace on evolution
b. The publication of Lamarck’s theory
of evolution
c. The vice governor of the galapagos
Islands
d. The work of Hutton and Lyel
6. Darwin was prompted to
publish his theory of evolution
by…
a. An essay by Wallace on evolution
b. The publication of Lamarck’s theory
of evolution
c. The vice governor of the galapagos
Islands
d. The work of Hutton and Lyel
16. Which phrase best defines
evolution by natural selection?
a. By chance certain allele frequencies
increase
b. Sudden replacement of one population by
another
c. Changes in a species as it becomes more
perfect
d. Process of change in a species over time
16. Which phrase best defines
evolution by natural selection?
a. By chance certain allele frequencies
increase
b. Sudden replacement of one population by
another
c. Changes in a species as it becomes more
perfect
d. Process of change in a species over time
21. In many kinds of organisms,
inheritable differences are due
mostly to…
a.
b.
c.
d.
Single-gene traits
Polygenic traits
Gene shuffling during gamete formation
The effects of radiation
21. In many kinds of organisms,
inheritable differences are due
mostly to…
a.
b.
c.
d.
Single-gene traits
Polygenic traits
Gene shuffling during gamete formation
The effects of radiation
22.
a.
b.
c.
d.
A single-gene trait that has 2 alleles
and that shows a simple dominantrecessive pattern will result in…
One phenotype
2 phenotypes
4 phenotypes
Millions of phenotypes
22.
a.
b.
c.
d.
A single-gene trait that has 2 alleles
and that shows a simple dominantrecessive pattern will result in…
One phenotype
2 phenotypes
4 phenotypes
Millions of phenotypes
24. Natural selection act
directly on…
a.
b.
c.
d.
alleles
genes
phenotypes
mutations
24. Natural selection act
directly on…
a.
b.
c.
d.
alleles
genes
phenotypes
mutations
29. In genetic drift, allele
frequencies change
because of…
a.
b.
c.
d.
mutations
chance
Natural selection
Genetic equilibrium
29. In genetic drift, allele
frequencies change
because of…
a.
b.
c.
d.
mutations
chance
Natural selection
Genetic equilibrium
30. Genetic drift tends to
occur in populations
that…
a.
b.
c.
d.
Are very large
Are small
Are formed from new species
Have unchanging allele frequencies
30. Genetic drift tends to
occur in populations
that…
a.
b.
c.
d.
Are very large
Are small
Are formed from new species
Have unchanging allele frequencies
42. Fossilized evidence of
earth’s first forms of life
would consist of…
a.
b.
c.
d.
Vertebrates from the Precambrian
Invertebrates from the Precambrian
Eukaryotes from the Precambrian
Prokaryotes from the Precambrian
43. Miller and Urey’s
experiments attempt to
demonstrate…
a. How Earth first formed
b. Whether DNA or RNA evolved first
c. Whether organic molecules could have
formed before life was present
d. How the deepest part of Earth formed
43. Miller and Urey’s
experiments attempt to
demonstrate…
a. How Earth first formed
b. Whether DNA or RNA evolved first
c. Whether organic molecules could have
formed before life was present
d. How the deepest part of Earth formed