Transcript Learning Checklist

Learning Checklist
• learning outcomes – new specification 2011
I am able to:GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 1.1 balanced diet
•
•
•
•
•
I can…
describe a balanced diet
investigate the energy content of some foods
evaluate techniques and results
state the 7 food substances in a balanced diet
and their functions
• Define metabolic rate
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 1.2 obesity
• Explain the interactions between factors
affecting metabolic rate & body mass
• describe problems associated with obesity
• Calculate BMI and consider its uses and
limitations
• Write a plan for an investigation (HSW)
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 1.3 cholesterol
•
•
•
•
explain what cholesterol is
Describe effects of good and bad cholesterol
Evaluate information from graphs
Explain different ways to lower blood
cholesterol
• Explain how cholesterol levels depend on
inherited factors as well as exercise
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 1.4 Pathogens and Semmelweiss
•
•
•
•
define the term pathogen
Explain how pathogens cause disease
Describe & explain the work of Semmelweiss
Explain why scientists’ work may not be
immediately accepted
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 1.5 infections
• explain the ways in which infections are
spread
• describe the ways in which the body prevents
the entry of pathogens
• describe and explain the role of white blood
cells (in detail)
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 1.6 medicines
• explain what is meant by the term medicine
• Describe how medicines may relieve
symptoms but not kill pathogens
• Describe how antibiotics kill bacteria without
harming the patient
• Explain why antibiotics are not used to treat
viruses & the difficulty of developing antiviral
drugs
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 1.7 Growing bacteria
• I can…
• Grow an uncontaminated culture of bacteria
• Explain why it is important to maintain sterile
conditions
• Explain the safety precautions used in school
microbiology
• Explain contamination
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 1.8 changing pathogens
• I can …
• Describe how mutations in pathogens may give
rise to resistant strains
• Describe how natural selection causes the
populations of resistant strains to increase
• Describe epidemics and pandemics
• Explain in detail how bacteria become
increasingly resistant to antibiotics
• Evaluate the problems of preventing the spread
of new diseases eg - mutated form of ‘flu
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 1.9 immunity
• I can ….
• describe how the immune system responds to
pathogens
• Use terminology correctly – eg antigen,
antibody
• Explain how vaccines work
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 1.10 vaccination
• I can…
• describe how science reporting should be
checked for bias
• Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of
being vaccinated
• Explain how the treatment of disease has
changed over time
• Describe how scientists are investigating the
development of new medicines for the future
• Plan an investigation
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 2.1 Co-ordination
• I can …
• identify receptor cells and their organs
• Describe how the nervous system works and
its components
• Investigate sensitivity of skin to touch (HSW)
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 2.2 reflexes and synapses
• I can …
• explain what reflexes are and their importance
• Describe the components of the reflex arc
from stimulus to response
• Explain how a synapse works
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 2.3 hormones and the menstrual
cycle
• I can…
• define hormones
• Name the hormones that control the
menstrual cycle
• Describe where each hormone is secreted and
its functions
• Relate each hormone to the phases of the
cycle, explaining their interactions
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 2.4 controlling fertility
• I can …
• explain how oral contraceptives work
• Explain how FSH treatment can increase
fertility
• Explain why FSH is used in IVF
• Evaluate the ethical issues arising from the
artificial control of fertility
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 2.5 homeostasis
• I can …
• describe how temperature, blood glucose and
the balance of water and ions are controlled
• Explain why it is important to control the
internal environment
• Explain the effects of extremes of temperature
on the human body
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 2.6 plant hormones
• I can …
• understand that plants respond to changes in
their environment
• Describe how plants respond to light, moisture
and gravity
• Describe how plant hormones can be used in
agriculture and horticulture
• Explain how plant responses are due to uneven
distribution of hormones causing unequal growth
rates
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 2.7 ethics of hormones
• I can…
• describe benefits and problems of using
hormones to control human fertility
• Evaluate how plant hormones are involved in
food production
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 3.1 testing medicines
• I can …
• Describe and explain the reasons for testing
new drugs
• Explain the dangers of using drugs that have
not been tested
• Describe and explain the stages used in testing
new drugs
• Explain the flaws in the original testing of
thalidomide
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 3.2 statins
• I can …
• describe the use of statins in lowering blood
cholesterol
• Compare/evaluate the benefits of statins with
diet (eg soya, benecol etc)
• Evaluate the claims of prescribed and nonprescribed medicines on health
• Explain in detail how and why double-blind
tests are used
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 3.3- 3.6 Drugs
• Give a definition of the term ‘drug’
• Explain what is meant by addiction
• Describe some of the problems caused by
drug abuse
• Explain how the impact of drug abuse varies
between individuals
• List some common legal and illegal drugs
• Explain why some people use illegal drugs
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 3.3-3.6 Drugs
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Describe the effects of cannabis
Explain why the use of legal drugs has a greater impact on health
than the use of illegal drugs
Evaluate the impact of different types of drugs on society
Put drugs into various categories, eg narcotic, stimulants,
hallucinogens,
Describe ways in which some recreational drugs are more harmful
than others
Evaluate facts about the recreational use of cannabis, compare with
alcohol and tobacco
Explain the nature of performance enhancing drugs in different
sports
Describe some of the health risks associated with taking
performance enhancing drugs
Consider the ethical implications of the use of drugs in sport
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 4.1 Adapt and survive
• Describe the materials that living
organisms need in order to survive and
reproduce
• Explain that plants and animals are
adapted to survive in their particular
habitat
• Explain that the adaptations of
microorganisms enable them to survive in
a wide range of conditions
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 4.2 Adaptations in animals
• Define the term adaptation
• Describe how animals are adapted to
survive in cold environments
• Describe how animals are adapted to
life in a dry environment
• Explain how organisms are adapted to
the conditions in which they live, when
provided with appropriate information
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 4.3 Adaptations in plants
• Describe the adaptations shown by
plants that live in dry environments
• Explain how these adaptations
reduce the quantity of water lost by
the plant
• Explain in detail the importance of
water-storage tissues in desert plants
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 4.4 Competition in plants and
animals
• Explain how competition is necessary for
survival
• Describe those characteristics which make
an animal/plant a successful competitor
• Suggest factors for which an animal/plant
is competing in a given habitat
• Describe some adaptations of organisms
to unusual conditions
• Apply knowledge to interpret the survival
strategies of organisms
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 4.7 Measuring environmental
change
• List some factors that affect distribution of
living organisms
• Describe some living and non-living factors
that cause environmental changes
• Measure some environmental changes
using non-living indicators
• Describe an example of a living organism
that can be used as an indicator of
pollution
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 4.8 Impact of change
• Explain that environmental changes can
affect the distribution of living organisms
• Describe some changes in both living and
non-living factors that can affect
distribution
• Evaluate data concerned with
environmental change on the
distribution/behaviour of living organisms
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 5.1 pyramids of biomass
• Explain where biomass comes from
• Describe what a pyramid of biomass is and
how it can be constructed
• Interpret pyramids of biomass and construct
them
• State that biomass is lost at each stage
• (Higher)Explain in detail why all the biomass at
one stage does not get passed on to the next
stage.
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 5.2 energy transfers
• State why biomass and energy are reduced at
each successive stage of a food chain
• Explain why energy is transferred in
movement and heating the surroundings
• ( higher) Explain in detail why energy transfers by
heating are particularly large in warm-blooded
organisms (mammals and birds)
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 5.3 decay
• Explain the role of microorganisms in the
process of decay
• Explain why decay is important in the cycling
of materials
• (higher) Explain the factors which affect the rate
of decay
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 5.4 carbon cycle
• Describe the processes in the carbon cycle
• Explain the importance of the activities of the
detritus feeders and microorganisms in the
cycling of nutrients
•
Explain in detail the changes that occur in
the carbon cycle.
(higher)
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 5.5 recycling
• Give reasons for the recycling of garden waste
• Describe the ways that organic waste is
recycled
• Evaluate the effectiveness of recycling
schemes
• (higher) Explain the benefits of reducing the
amount of waste in landfill sites
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 6.1 inheritance
• State that the genetic information present in the
gametes from each parent
• Describe the relationship between chromosomes
and genes
• Identify where the chromosomes are located in
cells
• State that each gene affects a different
characteristic
•
(higher)Recognise that genes are found in pairs on
paired chromosomes
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 6.2 types of reproduction
• State the meaning of the term ‘clone’
• Describe why asexual reproduction produces
identical offspring
• Describe how variety is achieved in individuals
produced by sexual reproduction
• Explain the genetic differences between
sexually and asexually produced offspring.
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 6.3
•Explain what makes them different to
the rest of their family
•Explain why identical twins are not
exactly the same in every way
• Evaluate evidence for the different
characteristics caused by genetic and
environmental effects
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 6.4
•Define a clone
•Explain the importance to gardeners and plant
growers of cloning plants
•Describe cloning by tissue culture in plants
•Describe the process of embryo transplanting in
animals and issues involving embryos
•Interpret information about the advantages and
disadvantages of different cloning techniques
•Make informed judgements on the ethical and
economic issues concerning embryo cloning
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 6.5
•Explain the processes of adult cell cloning and
describe how Dolly the sheep was cloned
•List some of the benefits and disadvantages of
cloning animals
•Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of
cloning
•Discuss the ethical issues raised by adult cell
cloning techniques
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 6.6
•Explain the term genetic engineering
•Describe how genes from one organism can be
transferred into another organism
•List some advantages and disadvantages of genetic
engineering
•Explain the process of genetic engineering and the
difference between genetically modified organisms
which produce useful proteins and organisms which
are improved themselves
•Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of
genetic engineering
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 6.7
•Interpret information about cloning and genetic
engineering techniques
•Describe some of the ethical problems
associated with these techniques
•Make informed judgements about the issues
•Make balanced judgements, carefully
explaining their reasons clearly, about the issues
involved
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 7.1 Theories of evolution
•State Darwin’s theory of evolution
•Describe some of the evidence that evolution
has taken place
•Identify differences between Darwin’s theory of
evolution and conflicting theories e.g Lamarck’s
•Suggest reasons for the different theories
explaining life on Earth
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 7.2 Evidence for evolution
•Explain why Darwin’s theories were only
gradually accepted
•Explain why there was conflict with religious
beliefs
•Describe some of the evidence that was lacking
•Explain why knowledge of genetics is necessary
to understand how inheritance works
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 7.3 Natural Selection
•Explain what is meant by natural selection
•Describe how mutation results in changes to
genes
•Explain how mutation can affect the
evolution of an organism
GCSE Biology learning checklist
B1 7.4 Classification and
evolution
•Define classification
•Describe some of the criteria used in the
classification of organisms
•Explain how evolutionary trees are used to
show relationships between organisms
•Describe how DNA evidence can be used to
work out evolutionary relationships
GCSE Biology learning checklist