Transcript Evolution Practice Jeopardy Review

Evolution Review
Practice Test Questions
1. Homologous structures are defined as anatomical
structures originating from the same structure in
ancestral form. For instance, a bird's wing and the front
flippers of a seal are examples of homologous structures.
Which of the following does the presence of homologous
structures in vertebrates suggest?
A All vertebrates developed internally.
B All vertebrates have a common ancestor.
C All vertebrates evolved from different animals.
D All vertebrates probably developed at the same
rate.
1. Homologous structures are defined as anatomical
structures originating from the same structure in
ancestral form. For instance, a bird's wing and the front
flippers of a seal are examples of homologous structures.
Which of the following does the presence of homologous
structures in vertebrates suggest?
A All vertebrates developed internally.
B All vertebrates have a common ancestor.
C All vertebrates evolved from different animals.
D All vertebrates probably developed at the same
rate.
2. The embryos of fish, chickens, and pigs have gill slits and
a tail. The presence of these features suggests that —
A pigs and chickens are closely related.
B all these animals can swim.
C gill slits and tails are required for embryonic
development.
D these animals had a common ancestor.
2. The embryos of fish, chickens, and pigs have gill slits and
a tail. The presence of these features suggests that —
A pigs and chickens are closely related.
B all these animals can swim.
C gill slits and tails are required for embryonic
development.
D these animals had a common ancestor.
3. A researcher recently discovered a new species of bacteria in
the body of a tubeworm living near a hydrothermal vent. He
compared the DNA of this new bacterial species to the DNA of
four other species of bacteria, as shown below. The DNA
sequences came from the same part of the bacterial
chromosome of all four species.
According to this data, the unknown bacterial species is
most closely related to —
A species I.
B species II.
Cspecies III.
Dspecies IV.
3. A researcher recently discovered a new species of bacteria in
the body of a tubeworm living near a hydrothermal vent. He
compared the DNA of this new bacterial species to the DNA of
four other species of bacteria, as shown below. The DNA
sequences came from the same part of the bacterial
chromosome of all four species.
According to this data, the unknown bacterial species is
most closely related to —
A species I.
B species II.
Cspecies III.
Dspecies IV.
4. In the diagram below, B, C, and D represent organisms
that currently exist. These organisms have very similar
skeletons.
Letter A most likely represents —
A
B
C
D
an acquired characteristic.
geographic distribution.
a homologous structure.
a common ancestor.
4. In the diagram below, B, C, and D represent organisms
that currently exist. These organisms have very similar
skeletons.
Letter A most likely represents —
A
B
C
D
an acquired characteristic.
geographic distribution.
a homologous structure.
a common ancestor.
5. While on an excavation, an archaeologist uncovers
some bones. He suspects that they belonged to an
early ancestor of today's modern horse. What is the
best method to use to test this belief?
A Create a linkage of bones from similar burial
sites
B Perform a cytochrome C comparison of the two
subjects
C Perform a DNA comparison of the two subjects
D Create a model showing the two organisms side
by side
5. While on an excavation, an archaeologist uncovers
some bones. He suspects that they belonged to an
early ancestor of today's modern horse. What is the
best method to use to test this belief?
A Create a linkage of bones from similar burial
sites
B Perform a cytochrome C comparison of the two
subjects
C Perform a DNA comparison of the two subjects
D Create a model showing the two organisms side
by side
6. The diagrams to the right
show the forelimbs of four
different organisms. A
comparison of these
organisms' forelimbs
indicates that these
organisms evolved —
A from a common ancestor in the past
B from different adaptations for similar functions
C in similar ways over time
D unique characteristics in different environments
6. The diagrams to the right
show the forelimbs of four
different organisms. A
comparison of these
organisms' forelimbs
indicates that these
organisms evolved —
A from a common ancestor in the past
B from different adaptations for similar functions
C in similar ways over time
D unique characteristics in different environments
7. The diagrams to the right
show the forelimbs of four
different organisms. These
organisms are ___________
structures.
A
B
C
D
vestigial
analogous
homologous
binomial
7. The diagrams to the right
show the forelimbs of four
different organisms. These
organisms are ___________
structures.
A
B
C
D
vestigial
analogous
homologous
binomial
8. Which of the following most likely shows that two
different organisms have a relatively recent common
ancestor?
A They are the same size.
B They have similar amino acid sequences.
C They live in the same type of ecosystem.
D They reproduce during the same time of
year.
8. Which of the following most likely shows that two
different organisms have a relatively recent common
ancestor?
A They are the same size.
B They have similar amino acid sequences.
C They live in the same type of ecosystem.
D They reproduce during the same time of
year.
9. Scientists compared the fossil remains of a species that lived
5,000 years ago to members of the same species living today.
Scientists concluded that the species changed very little over
this period of time. Which statement best accounts for this
lack of change?
A The environment did not change significantly, and
those offspring expressing new characteristics did
not survive.
B The environment changed significantly, but the
species had no natural enemies for a long period of
time.
C The environment changed significantly, and those
offspring without favorable characteristics died.
D The environment did not change significantly, and
9. Scientists compared the fossil remains of a species that lived
5,000 years ago to members of the same species living today.
Scientists concluded that the species changed very little over
this period of time. Which statement best accounts for this
lack of change?
A The environment did not change significantly, and
those offspring expressing new characteristics did
not survive.
B The environment changed significantly, but the
species had no natural enemies for a long period of
time.
C The environment changed significantly, and those
offspring without favorable characteristics died.
D The environment did not change significantly, and
10. The rock strata were
excavated in an area as
illustrated above and the
fossil remains examined.
According to this information,
the most likely scenario is that
A Layer I is the oldest, followed by Layer II, III, and
IV.
B Fish suddenly appeared on Earth at the time of
Layer III.
C A marine environment gradually filled with
sediment and became a terrestrial environment.
D A terrestrial environment was covered by a shallow
10. The rock strata were
excavated in an area as
illustrated above and the
fossil remains examined.
According to this information,
the most likely scenario is that
A Layer I is the oldest, followed by Layer II, III, and
IV.
B Fish suddenly appeared on Earth at the time of
Layer III.
C A marine environment gradually filled with
sediment and became a terrestrial environment.
D A terrestrial environment was covered by a
11. Natural selection operates extremely rapidly
to develop advantageous traits in —
A populations that are interested in
becoming resistant to harmful bacteria.
B individuals that are struggling to survive
under harsh conditions.
C populations that are facing a change in
environmental conditions.
D individuals that are developing into
sexually mature adults.
11. Natural selection operates extremely rapidly
to develop advantageous traits in —
A populations that are interested in
becoming resistant to harmful bacteria.
B individuals that are struggling to survive
under harsh conditions.
C populations that are facing a change in
environmental conditions.
D individuals that are developing into
sexually mature adults.
12. Natural selection produces change by allowing
beneficial genes to recombine in —
A individual organisms during their lifetime.
B individual organisms as they develop in the
embryo.
C only the first generation of offspring.
D successive generations of offspring.
12. Natural selection produces change by allowing
beneficial genes to recombine in —
A individual organisms during their lifetime.
B individual organisms as they develop in the
embryo.
C only the first generation of offspring.
D successive generations of offspring.
13. Which of the following outcomes would you
predict for a population of mosquitoes exposed
to a new pesticide?
A Over several generations, the mosquitoes
would become resistant to the pesticide.
B Over several generations, the mosquitoes
would evolve into several new species.
C Over several generations, the mosquitoes
would all be killed and become extinct.
D Over several generations, the mosquitoes
would be more susceptible to the pesticide.
13. Which of the following outcomes would you
predict for a population of mosquitoes exposed
to a new pesticide?
A Over several generations, the mosquitoes
would become resistant to the pesticide.
B Over several generations, the mosquitoes
would evolve into several new species.
C Over several generations, the mosquitoes
would all be killed and become extinct.
D Over several generations, the mosquitoes
would be more susceptible to the pesticide.
14. Differences between the members of a
population will most likely be passed on to future
generations if they are —
A due to genetic changes and result in
unfavorable variations.
B due to genetic changes and result in
favorable variations.
C not due to genetic changes and result in
favorable variations.
D not due to genetic changes and result in
unfavorable variations.
14. Differences between the members of a
population will most likely be passed on to future
generations if they are —
A due to genetic changes and result in
unfavorable variations.
B due to genetic changes and result in
favorable variations.
C not due to genetic changes and result in
favorable variations.
D not due to genetic changes and result in
unfavorable variations.
15. Which process increases inheritable variations?
A
B
C
D
Active transport
Synthesis of proteins
Mitotic cell division
Recombination of genes
15. Which process increases inheritable variations?
A
B
C
D
Active transport
Synthesis of proteins
Mitotic cell division
Recombination of genes
1. Canadian squirrels are responding to global warming by breeding
earlier in the year. This gives them more time to find and store food
for the upcoming winter. How will natural selection produce
changes in the population of Canadian squirrels?
A Natural selection will act only upon the Canadian squirrels
that have reproduced before winter comes.
B Natural selection will act upon all of the Canadian
squirrels as they compete with one another.
C Natural selection will act only upon the female Canadian
squirrels.
D Natural selection will act upon all of the Canadian
squirrels which cannot reproduce.
1. Canadian squirrels are responding to global warming by breeding
earlier in the year. This gives them more time to find and store food
for the upcoming winter. How will natural selection produce
changes in the population of Canadian squirrels?
A Natural selection will act only upon the Canadian squirrels
that have reproduced before winter comes.
B Natural selection will act upon all of the Canadian
squirrels as they compete with one another.
C Natural selection will act only upon the female Canadian
squirrels.
D Natural selection will act upon all of the Canadian
squirrels which cannot reproduce.
2. Natural selection produces change in —
A individuals during their reproductive years, as hormonal
imbalances affect the genotypes of each member of a
population.
B populations over multiple breeding cycles, as mutations
affect the reproductive fitness of different individuals.
C individuals during their lifespan, as developmental
changes affect the phenotypes of each member of a
population.
D populations over a single breeding cycle, as advantageous
traits affect the supply of environmental resources of
different individuals.
2. Natural selection produces change in —
A individuals during their reproductive years, as hormonal
imbalances affect the genotypes of each member of a
population.
B populations over multiple breeding cycles, as mutations
affect the reproductive fitness of different individuals.
C individuals during their lifespan, as developmental
changes affect the phenotypes of each member of a
population.
D populations over a single breeding cycle, as advantageous
traits affect the supply of environmental resources of
different individuals.
3. A wildlife biologist wants to set up an experiment to determine
how natural selection produces change. Which experiment is most
likely to show how natural selection operates?
A An experiment that involves finding the relationship between
the number of seeds that a soapberry bug population consumes
and the number of offspring that a soapberry bug population
produces over three generations
B An experiment that involves observing which adaptations
undertaken by a soapberry bug population in one generation
prove to be successful
C An experiment that involves estimating the number of
individuals in a soapberry bug population that will be affected
by environmental shifts that occur over two generations
D An experiment that involves calculating the distribution of an
advantageous gene in a soapberry bug population after six
generations
3. A wildlife biologist wants to set up an experiment to determine
how natural selection produces change. Which experiment is most
likely to show how natural selection operates?
A An experiment that involves finding the relationship between
the number of seeds that a soapberry bug population consumes
and the number of offspring that a soapberry bug population
produces over three generations
B An experiment that involves observing which adaptations
undertaken by a soapberry bug population in one generation
prove to be successful
C An experiment that involves estimating the number of
individuals in a soapberry bug population that will be affected
by environmental shifts that occur over two generations
D An experiment that involves calculating the distribution of an
advantageous gene in a soapberry bug population after six
generations
4. After the Industrial Revolution, dark-colored moths outnumbered
light-colored moths in certain regions of England. Within the past 40
years, factories in these regions have added scrubbers and air
purifiers to their smokestacks. The relative number of light-colored
moths has increased. The probable reason for this increase is that —
A overpopulation occurred and most of the light-colored
moths died, leaving only dark-colored moths to reproduce.
B the environment favored the survival of light-colored
moths over dark-colored moths.
C the allele for light color became dominant over the allele
for dark color.
D the dark color of certain moths faded in direct sunlight.
4. After the Industrial Revolution, dark-colored moths outnumbered
light-colored moths in certain regions of England. Within the past 40
years, factories in these regions have added scrubbers and air
purifiers to their smokestacks. The relative number of light-colored
moths has increased. The probable reason for this increase is that —
A overpopulation occurred and most of the light-colored
moths died, leaving only dark-colored moths to reproduce.
B the environment favored the survival of light-colored
moths over dark-colored moths.
C the allele for light color became dominant over the allele
for dark color.
D the dark color of certain moths faded in direct sunlight.
5. According to the theory of natural selection, why are some
individuals more likely than others to survive and reproduce?
A Some individuals are better adapted to their environment
than others.
B Some individuals pass on to their offspring new
characteristics they have acquired during their lifetimes.
C Some individuals do not pass on to their offspring new
characteristics they have acquired during their lifetimes.
D Some individuals tend to produce fewer offspring than
others in the same environment.
5. According to the theory of natural selection, why are some
individuals more likely than others to survive and reproduce?
A Some individuals are better adapted to their environment
than others.
B Some individuals pass on to their offspring new
characteristics they have acquired during their lifetimes.
C Some individuals do not pass on to their offspring new
characteristics they have acquired during their lifetimes.
D Some individuals tend to produce fewer offspring than
others in the same environment.
6. Duck feet are especially well-adapted for life in the water. Sharp
claws allow them to better navigate the wet, slippery environment
and webbed toes aid in their swimming ability. These adaptations
probably came about as a result of
A one duck developing these favorable traits over its
lifetime and passing them to its offspring
B variation in the duck population; ducks born with one
or more of these traits were more reproductively
successful
C nature selecting against these adaptations
D selective breeding of ducks with these favorable traits
6. Duck feet are especially well-adapted for life in the water. Sharp
claws allow them to better navigate the wet, slippery environment
and webbed toes aid in their swimming ability. These adaptations
probably came about as a result of
A one duck developing these favorable traits over its
lifetime and passing them to its offspring
B variation in the duck population; ducks born with one
or more of these traits were more reproductively
successful
C nature selecting against these adaptations
D selective breeding of ducks with these favorable traits
7. In an area in Africa, temporary pools form in wetlands. Some fish
have developed the ability to use their ventral fins as "feet" to travel
on land from one temporary pool to another. Fish without this
ability die when the pools dry up. What can be expected to happen
in this area after many years?
A All varieties of fish will survive and produce many
offspring.
B The number of fish using ventral fins as "feet" will
increase.
C "Feet" in the form of ventral fins will develop on all fish.
D All fish will develop the ability to walk on their ventral
fins.
7. In an area in Africa, temporary pools form in wetlands. Some fish
have developed the ability to use their ventral fins as "feet" to travel
on land from one temporary pool to another. Fish without this
ability die when the pools dry up. What can be expected to happen
in this area after many years?
A All varieties of fish will survive and produce many
offspring.
B The number of fish using ventral fins as "feet" will
increase.
C "Feet" in the form of ventral fins will develop on all fish.
D All fish will develop the ability to walk on their ventral
fins.
8. A trait that an organism expresses during its lifetime will only
cause its species to become better adapted if the trait —
A is caused by the genetic code that is present in the
gametes of the organism.
B causes a change in the environment surrounding the
organism.
C decreases the number of genes in the body cells of the
organism.
D results from isolation of the organism from the rest of
the population.
8. A trait that an organism expresses during its lifetime will only
cause its species to become better adapted if the trait —
A is caused by the genetic code that is present in the
gametes of the organism.
B causes a change in the environment surrounding the
organism.
C decreases the number of genes in the body cells of the
organism.
D results from isolation of the organism from the rest of
the population.
9. Rabbits normally eat some grass as a food source. In a habitat, a
new species of grass is introduced that out-competes most of the
original species of grass. The new species of grass contains a
chemical that is usually toxic and fatal to most rabbits. Assuming
that all rabbits in this habitat will eat some of the new species of
grass, how will the presence of the new grass most likely decrease
the diversity of the rabbit population in this habitat?
A Only rabbits that eat less grass will survive.
B Only rabbits that eat more grass will survive.
C Only rabbits that can find old grass to eat will survive.
D Only rabbits that are resistant to the chemical will
survive.
9. Rabbits normally eat some grass as a food source. In a habitat, a
new species of grass is introduced that out-competes most of the
original species of grass. The new species of grass contains a
chemical that is usually toxic and fatal to most rabbits. Assuming
that all rabbits in this habitat will eat some of the new species of
grass, how will the presence of the new grass most likely decrease
the diversity of the rabbit population in this habitat?
A Only rabbits that eat less grass will survive.
B Only rabbits that eat more grass will survive.
C Only rabbits that can find old grass to eat will survive.
D Only rabbits that are resistant to the chemical will
survive.
10. Darwin's theory that evolution was caused by natural selection
explains the sequential nature of groups in the fossil record. The
idea that earlier, simpler species have been replaced by later, more
complex species explains the diversity of fossils and their absence in
modern times. Darwin's theory of evolution —
A is one of several scientific explanations of the fossil
record and modern biodiversity and has not been tested
by any scientists.
B is one of many scientific explanations of the fossil record
and modern biodiversity and has been tested by several
scientists.
C is the only scientific explanation of the fossil record and
modern biodiversity and has been tested by many
scientists.
10. Darwin's theory that evolution was caused by natural selection
explains the sequential nature of groups in the fossil record. The
idea that earlier, simpler species have been replaced by later, more
complex species explains the diversity of fossils and their absence in
modern times. Darwin's theory of evolution —
A is one of several scientific explanations of the fossil
record and modern biodiversity and has not been tested
by any scientists.
B is one of many scientific explanations of the fossil record
and modern biodiversity and has been tested by several
scientists.
C is the only scientific explanation of the fossil record and
modern biodiversity and has been tested by many
scientists.