Transcript PHYS522_lec2

PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Lecture 2
Review of “Classical” Optics
(basic & relevant concepts, phenomena & notations)
(read: FQ Chap2; (some of) FS Chap 1-2;
also of interests:
*E. Hecht, Optics (esp. Chap 8 on polarization)
*Lauterborn & Kurz, Coherent Optics, Chap 1-3)
Prerequisite 1: Classical Optics
eg. PHYS 322/422 (E.Hecht “optics”), ME587, or some photonics course
(or at least a good E&M, PHYS 272H/330/430)
eg. D.Griffiths “Intro electrodynamics”;
E. Purcell’s E&M; Feynman Lec. Vol 2; etc.
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 1
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
†
any a ?
Who are you?
• Please briefly tell us:
– Your name
– Department/major
– Year
– Research Group (if any)
– Current research area (brief)
– Anything else (brief) to help remember you
Please turn in the class survey (HWK#1)
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 2
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Course Web & Wiki
• Course website
http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academicprograms/courses/course_detail.php?c=phys522
Syllabus, Lecture notes, homework etc (course
material)
• Course wiki
https://qopticsphotonics.wikispaces.com/
– Upload student work: lecture notes, essay
– Post interesting seminar info
– Share other links/articles/news of interests
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 3
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Course Requirement & Grading Components
1) Homework (approximately every 1-2 weeks): 40 points
2) Presentation/papers: 20 points:
Either 2a) a paper reviewing either a classic experiment/milestone achievement or a topic not covered in
lectures (eg. one from a relevant seminar), or a current frontier area/topic of your interest. You can find
suggested topic in lecture slides though you are not limited to them. I encourage you to check with me about
your topic and not to wait to the last week to upload so you may be selected for presentation. Revision can be
made till last class.
Or 2b) a journal club presentation in Quantum Journal Club (organizer: Brian Fields) time: Thurs 2-3pm
location: phys 398, signup here: http://www.signupgenius.com/go/20f0944adad2ba1f94-spring
3) 2 Exams: 20+20=40 pts
4) Class Participation/Service (10pts) that can be earned in several ways (extra will be bonus):
4a) great question/comment/correct a non-trivial mistake in lecture (0.5-1 pt per incidence);
4b) Attend one of the eligible related seminars (see list under Wiki/Seminars, also including QJC talks) and
submit a brief report/summary with either speaker/host sign the paper after the talk to prove your attendance
(1 pt for each seminar attended);
4c) Other service that enhances class learning; eg. offer to give a lab tour to class members of your research
lab (1-2 pts; approved of both your lab supervisor & Prof. Chen)
4d) extra activities on course wiki etc.
Final Grade: A (>85); B(>70); C(>55); D(>40); [typical sufficient condition, subject to minor change]
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 4
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Light-Matter Interaction
(light cannot be studied alone)
Quantum optics (broadly defined):
Light (radiation) & light-matter interaction
where quantum physics matters
[further generalization: extend from light to
other waves (including matter/particle waves)]
X (light or other particles)
Read: FQ-1
Light (in)
matter
Quantum photonics:
(broadly defined)“Quantum optics”
applications & devices
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Light (out)
Y (light or other particles)
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 5
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Textbook 1: M. Fox “Optical Properties of Solids” (2nd ed, Oxford)
“FS”
We’ll cover a good portion of FS
+ selected modern topics
Online pdf (1st ed) seems to be available (google)
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 6
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Textbook 2: M. Fox “Quantum Optics” (Oxford)
“FQ”
We’ll cover part of FQ+suppl topics
Available online from Purdue Library Website
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 7
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Optics: what is light?
Classical Optics
• Geometric/ray optics
• Newton etc: (classical) particle (“corpuscular”)/ray theory
• Reflection
• Refraction (Snell’s law)
• Basic optical elements: mirrors, lens, beam splitters etc.
[photonics/Thorlabs-Newport-Edmunds catalogues!]
• ABCD matrices
• Simple optical engineering.. OSLO..
• Wave optics
• Huygens-Young (interference)-Fresnel (diffraction)- …
• Fourier Optics
• Light is electromagnetic wave
• Faraday effect (magneto-optics)
• Maxwell Equations
• Hertz experiment
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 8
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Optics: what is light?
• Quantum optics
• Nonlinear Optics
• Statistical optics
• Speckle
• Light/wave localization
• See also “random laser”
• Photon statistics -- part of QO
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 9
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Speed of Light measured by Ole Roemer (1676)
Eclipse of Jupiter moon
211,000 km per second
(~0.7c)
http://www.amnh.org/education/resources/rfl/web/essaybooks/cosmic/p_roemer.html
Other clever “old” tricks in astro: see eg. F. Shu, the physical universe
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 10
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
TOF by Fizeau/Foucault ….
(ray optics)
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 11
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Maxwell Equations & speed of light
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 12
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Michelson-Morley Experiment
(measure invariance of speed of light)
M-M interferometer
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 13
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
M-M interferometer
Other common use, measure
• wavelength
• n
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 14
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Wave optics: diffraction
(circular)
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 15
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Photons (Planck)
• Black body radiation
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 16
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Maxwell Equations for EM waves
•
•
•
•
Plane wave
Spherical wave
Evanescent wave
More complicated solutions…
“triumph” of “classical physics”?
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 17
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Properties of Light
• Wavelength, frequency [precise!], speed,
wavevector, period
• Amplitude, phase
• Power, Intensity [rel; NL], and E-field, B-field
• Polarization
–
–
–
–
Linear
Circular
Elliptic
Polarization vector & Jones matrix
• Orbital Angular Momentum
• Energy & momentum & mass (photon)
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 18
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Polarization optical elements
• Waveplates (1/2, ¼)
Optics companies eg. Edmund, New Port, Thorlabs …
catalogue/tutorials
http://www.edmundoptics.com/technical-resourcescenter/optics/understanding-waveplates/
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 19
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
PBS
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 20
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Basic coherence
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 21
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 22
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 23
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 24
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Basic Nonlinear Optics
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 25
PHYS522
Introduction to Quantum Photonics & Quantum Optics
ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Next Lecture (3): Review Quantum Physics
• FQ Chap 3
Purdue University
Spring 2016
Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected])
Lecture 2
(1/13/2016)
Slide 26