Transcript iMarine WebLab: Free Surface Impact Laboratory

iMarine Impact Laboratory:
Creating a new laboratory to analyze water
surface impact via the World Wide Web.
Tadd Truscott
MIT Ocean Engineering
January 24, 2004
An apparatus for water surface
impact experimentation developed as
part of the iMarine WebLab project.
Introduction
Design
Construction &
Implementation
System
Integration
Experimentation
Laverty 04’
Outline
Motivation
Project overview
Project Design
System Integration and Control
Project Applications
Experimentation
The next step
Motivation
 Numerical Method Validation - Experiments
validate theories and numerical techniques. They
also promote scientific discovery. Help break down
or diversify the problem.
 Education - web-based teaching tools.
 Naval Architecture - modern approaches to naval
architecture problems; educating the next generation of
naval architects.
 Synergy - integrating classroom learning with
numerical simulations and experimentation for a
more comprehensive understanding of fluid
dynamics.
Critical thought process: deriving empirical
conclusions and reiterating on the process to further
scientific knowledge.
 Educational Method
1.
2.
3.
4.
Lecture or reading to learn
principle.
Application of principle to
students interests (i.e.
Homework or research).
Prediction based on
principle in research or
homework.
Performance of an
experiment to test
understanding (real world
observation and
experimentation solidifies
understanding best).
 Scientific Method
1.
2.
3.
4.
Observation and
description of
phenomenon.
Formulation of a
hypothesis to explain
phenomenon (i.e.
Mathematical model).
Prediction based on
Hypothesis.
Performance of an
experiment to test
prediction and hypothesis.
Combining resources
 Online laboratory concepts help combine resources
 Create libraries of articles and literature.
 Collection of modern numerical simulations and models.
 “WebLabs” allow users to remotely and safely run experiments,
computational simulations, and process data on-line.
 Collection of experiments can be “harvested” for trends etc.
 Help create networks of common research, and researchers.
 Stimulate students interests.
 Three types of online laboratories
 Batch - student sets parameters, and collects data (i.e. weblab.mit.edu).
 Sensor - data collection only (i.e. flagploe.mit.edu, Rutgers
www.coolclassroom.com).
 Interactive - students set parameters at intervals during sensor data
collection (i.e. heatex.mit.edu)
I-Marine
Main
I-Learn
•Lectures
•Museum
•Photo Archives
•Literature resources
•Links
I-Simulate
•LAMP
•M5D
•SWAN
•Wigley Hull
•Potential flow
•Added Mass
•Munk Moment
•Waves
I-Experiment
•Impact
•Wave maker
•Spray
I-Experiment
Impact lab:
Free surface interface interaction
Ship Slamming
Mine Dropping
Hydrodynamics
Splash formation
Viscous effects
Three dimensional effects
Air entrainment
Instabilities make it interesting (i.e. surface
tension, ball size, imperfections etc).
Variable speeds.
Repeatability
Impact Lab Overview
Objects in
loader
Counter-rotating
shooter wheels
Sensors &
instrumentation
Vi
h2o
Techet 04’
Video
acquisition
Project Timeline
Year
Month
2003
2004
Oct. Nov . Dec. Jan. F eb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept Oct. Nov . Dec.
Research
Design
Construction
System Integration
Operation
Troubleshooting
Experimentation
Key Amount of time spent.
Grande
Moderate
Lite
Tank Design
 Tank
 Acrylic - similar index of
refraction to water.
 Adjustable window 16” to
20”
 Dimensions
 Depth 6 ft
 Length 6 ft
 Width 3ft
 ~800 Gallons full
 Weight
 Full Tank and frame
~6500 lbs
Shooting/Firing Mechanism Design
 Shooter
 Based on a pitching wheel.
 Adjustable golf balls to
basketballs.
 Specifications






Wheels 16 in
Frame 60 in X 18 in
Wheels 0-1700 rpm
~35 mph for baseball
Rotate frame <15º
Linear position
 Firing
 Acrylic container (7 balls)
 Holds 7 balls
 1.5 in - 2.25 in
 Solenoid actuator
 Firing sequence
 Billiard balls
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Pacesettergroup.com
Instrument Design
 Instrumentation
 Camera: X-Stream VISION XS-3
 Resolution: 1280X1024 1.3
Mpix
 Pixel size 12X12 micron
 Plug and Play real time
 Trigerable
 628 - 32000 fps (resolution
based)
 4 GB memory ~10 seconds @
600 Hz
 C-mount
 USB 2
IDT X-Stream VISION XS-3
 Wave Probes
 Analog voltage sensors
 RPM and Break Beams
 ROS-W (remote optical sensor)
 Mounting
Laverty 04’
System Integration and
control
Hardware
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Motors
2 Bodine EC Inverted AC 177-3500 RPM
2 Superior Electric Slo-Syn KML series 200 steps/rev
Stepper motors
1 Linear motion screw drive Nook EZM 3010
Worm Drive Grove Gear OE Series 134-3
Motor Controllers
Pacesetter computer analog adjustable speed drive.
National Instruments DAQ - Voltage & Frequency I/O
National Instruments UMI 7764 - Digital In / Analog Out
Grayhill Relay Board - Analog Voltage I/O
System Control
Automation
Synchronization
System Processing
Flow Chart
http://imarine.mit.edu
User Inputs
-RPM
- Angle
-Camera Options
System Flow chart
Impact Lab CPU
Server
LabView
UMI 7764
High Speed
Video
DAQ
RPM &
Break Beams
Wave Probes
Wheel Motors
Solenoid
Control
Worm
Gear
Shooting Mechanism
Postion
Linear
Screw
Drive
Video Overview
QuickTime™ and a
Video decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Filmed at 100 fps
Shot at 1000 RPM
28 mm lens @ 3 m
Applications
Research
Numerical Problems
Use experiments to validate numerical models and vice
versa.
There are challenges with high speed/highly 3D hydro
problems using numerical simulations so experiments
can help
Experiments aren’t always the answer.
Teaching
Ocean engineering
Ship Slamming
Military
Shallow angle of incidence
Spinning projectiles
Curveball History
 Robins, Benjamin 1742. New Principles of Gunnery.
 Magnus, Gustav 1853. Magnus Effect. Berlin Academy of
Sciences award.
 Arthur “Candy” Cummings 1867. First pitcher in baseball to
pitch a curveball.
 Strutt, John W. ‘Lord Rayleigh’ 1877. On the irregular flight of
a tennis ball.
 Maccoll, J. W. 1928. Aerodynamics of a spinning sphere.
Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society.
 Barkla, H. M., Auchterlonie, L. J. 1971. The Magnus or
Robbins effect on Rotating spheres. JFM
 Brown, F. N. M. 1971. See the wind blow.
 Mehta, Rabindra D. 1985. Aerodynamics of Sports Balls. Ann.
Rev. Fluid Mech.
 Watts, R.G., Ferrer, R. 1987. The lateral force on a spinning
sphere: Aerodynamics of a curveball. American Journal of
Physics.
Hydrodynamics of Curveballs
Free Body Diagram
•http://wings.avkids.com/Book/Sports/instructor/curveball-01.html
Video of curveball
QuickTime™ and a
Cinepak decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
600 fps
50 mm lans @ 1 m
1700 RPM release
~2200 RPM spin
0º entry angle
#15 Billiard ball
Video of curveball up close
QuickTime™ and a
Video decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
600 fps
50 mm lans @ 1 m
1700 RPM release
~2200 RPM spin
0º entry angle
#15 Billiard ball
Data vs. Theory
Next Step
Data
Cl vs omega
Cd vs omega
Continue research into high reynolds
#
3-d PIV
Conclusion - Where we have
been.
General Impact
History - prior research on surface
impact… have this for a backup slide