Transcript Chapter 22 Physics A First Course Light and Optics Light and Optics

Physics A First Course
Light and Optics
Chapter 22
Light and Optics
Light and Color
 22.1
Properties of Light
 22.2
Vision and Color
 22.3
Using Color
Light and Energy
Speed of Sound vs. Speed of Light
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Light travels almost a million times faster
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Light travels around the earth 7.5 times per second
22A Investigation Topics
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Compare sources of light.
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Mix colors of light.
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Describe how the human
eye sees color.
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Explain how printers make
colors.
Chapter 22.2 Objectives and Vocabulary
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Describe white light and
color.
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Learn how our eyes see
light and interpret color.
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Learn about the additive
color process.
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Learn that light is a
wave, but also made of
particles called photons.
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white light
photoreceptors
cones
rods
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additive
color
process
additive
primary
colors
Photoreceptors in the eye
 Cones
respond to
three colors: red,
green and blue.
 Rods
detect intensity
of light: black, white,
shades of gray.
How we see colors
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Which chemical
signal gets sent
depends on how
much energy the
light has.
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the brain gets a
signal from ONLY
green cones, we see
green.
Chapter 22.3 Objectives and Vocabulary
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Learn about the subtractive
color process.
Compare the CMYK and RGB
processes.
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Learn about color blindness.
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Learn how plants use light and
color to grow.
subtractive color
process
subtractive primary
colors
CMYK color process
RGB color process
Physics A First Course
Light and Optics
Chapter 23
Light and Optics
Optics
 23.1
 23.2
 23.3
Optics and Reflection
Refraction
Mirrors, Lenses, and Images
Chapter 23.1 Objectives and Vocabulary
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Describe how simple
optical devices work.
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Learn the difference
between converging
and diverging lenses
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Understand how light
is affected by matter.
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Learn about the law
of reflection.
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optics
light ray
converging lens
diverging lens
prism
transparent
translucent
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specular reflection
diffuse reflection
incident ray
normal line
reflected ray
law of reflection
ray diagram
Simple Optical Devices
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mirrors
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prisms
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lenses
— corrective
— magnifying
Four ways light is affected by matter:
Review Reflection and Refraction
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Reflection occurs when light bounces off a surface.
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Refraction occurs when light bends crossing through
materials.
Law of Reflection
The incident ray
strikes the mirror.
The reflected ray
bounces off.
The angle of
incidence equals
the angle of
reflection.
23A Investigation: Optics
Key Question:
How are images created by
lenses and mirrors?
*Students read text section 23.1 AFTER Investigation 23A
Chapter 23.2 Objectives and Vocabulary
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Describe what happens when
light goes from one material
into another.
Understand the index of
refraction.
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Learn about total internal
reflection and fiber optics.
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Learn how different colors of
light are refracted.
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index of refraction
angle of reflection
total internal
reflection
critical angle
fiber optics
dispersion
23B Investigation: Optics and Images
Key Question:
How are images formed by light?
*Students read text
section 23.3
AFTER
Investigation 23B
23B Investigation Topics
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Draw a ray diagram.
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Determine the focal point of a lens.
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Measure focal length.
Chapter 23.3 Objectives and Vocabulary
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Learn how images form.
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Learn the difference between a
real and virtual image.
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Learn the parts of a ray
diagram and how to draw one.
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object
image
virtual image
optical axis
vocal point
focal length
real image
focus
magnification
refracting telescope
Function of the pupil
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The pupil gets
smaller blocking
more of the lens in
bright light.
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Covering part of the
lens reduces the
amount of light
allowed in and but
doesn't alter the
image seen.
Physics A First Course
Light and Optics
Chapter 24
Light and Optics
The Physical Nature of Light
 24.1
 24.2
 24.3
The Electromagnetic Spectrum
Interference, Diffraction, and Polarization
Photons
24A Investigation: Optics
Key Question:
How is the color of light related to its wavelength?
*Students read text section 24.1 AFTER Investigation 24A
24A Investigation Topics
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Use a diffraction grating to observe the spectrum
of different light sources.
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Find the wavelengths of different colors of light
using a spectrometer.
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Explain why light is a wave.
Chapter 24.1 Objectives and Vocabulary
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Learn the relationship
among the frequency.
Learn how the speed of
light changes in different
materials.
Identify the different kinds
of electromagnetic waves.
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electromagnetic wave
electromagnetic
spectrum
radio wave
microwave
infrared light
visible light
ultraviolet light
X rays
gamma rays
Wavelength and Frequency of Visible Light
Speed of Light
speed of light
3 x 108 m/sec
c = f l
wavelength (m)
frequency (Hz)
Chapter 24.2 Objectives and Vocabulary
Recognize an interference
pattern and how it is created.
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Understand the difference
between polarized and
unpolarized light.
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Learn about the applications
of polarization.
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diffraction grating
diffraction pattern
polarizer
24B Investigation: Waves and Photons
Key Question:
How do we know light has both wave-like and
particle-like qualities?
*Students read text section 24.3
AFTER Investigation 24B
24B Investigation Topics
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Demonstrate the polarization of transverse
waves.
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Observe the polarization of light.
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Explain why sunglasses work.
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Discuss the wave-like and particle-like
behavior of light.
Chapter 24.3 Objectives and Vocabulary
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Define the term photon.
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Explain how energy is
related to the color of light.
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Learn that one photon
affects one electron at a
time.
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photoluminescence
Absorbing and Emitting Light
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White paper
absorbs and then
emits photons of all
colors of light.
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Black ink absorbs
the photons of all
colors and emits
none.