Transcript Eukaryotic organelles - Sonoma Valley High School

Eukaryotic Cells
It’s what you are made of!
Left side: Do NOT
copy the pictures
on this PowerPoint
for your left side!
Organelles all
Eukaryotes share
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Nucleus
Ribosomes
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
While reading
Lysosomes
through this
lecture think of an
Vacuoles
analogy for the
cell – a city, a
Mitochondria
castle, a factory…
Cytoplasm
that you can
relate the jobs of
Cytoskeleton
the organelles to.
Cell membrane Then use that
idea for your left
side of your notes.
Nucleus
• Contains the DNA that holds the genetic
code for making proteins
• The DNA is held on strands called
chromosomes
• The nucleus is surrounded by the nuclear
envelope
Left side: What
would represent
the nucleus be in
your analogy?
Ribosomes
• Ribosomes can float freely in the cytoplasm
or be attached to the endoplasmic reticulum
• They assemble the proteins for the cell
Left side: What
would represent
the ribosomes be
in your analogy?
Endoplasmic reticulum
• Lipids are made in the ER
• Both lipids and proteins are transported
through the ER to the outside of the cell.
Left side: What
would represent
the ER be in your
analogy?
Golgi apparatus
• It modifies, sorts, and packages proteins
and other materials
• These materials are either stored in the
golgi apparatus or secreted out of the cell
Left side: What
would represent
the Golgi
apparatus be in
your analogy?
Lysosomes
• Small organelles filled with enzymes
• The enzymes breakdown large compounds
such as lipids, carbohydrates and proteins.
• The cell then reuses the smaller
compounds to make new ones (note: “lys”
means to cut)
Left side: What
would represent
the lysosomes be
in your analogy?
Vacuoles & cytoplasm
• Vacuoles store water, salt, proteins and
carbohydrates
• Vacuoles also serve as support structures
in plants
• The cytoplasm is the fluid that fills the cell
in which all the other organelles float.
Left side: What
would represent
the cytoplasm be
in your analogy?
Mitochondria
• Mitochondria convert chemical energy
stored in food into smaller compounds
• Respiration occurs in the mitochondria
Left side: What
would represent
the mitochondria
be in your
analogy?
Cell membrane & cytoskeleton
• The cell membrane (aka plasma
membrane) is the boundary between the
cell and it’s environment
• The cytoskeleton is a network of protein
filaments that help the cell keep its shape
Left side: What
would represent
the cell membrane
be in your
analogy?
Chloroplasts
• Chloroplasts are found only in plant cells
and a few protists
• Photosynthesis, the process that converts
solar energy to chemical energy, occurs
here
Left side: What
would represent
the cholorplast be
in your analogy?
Summary
• Draw your analogy (city,
castle, factory…) and
write both the name of
the organelle and the
item that represents it
next to each part of the
diagram. For example
the castle wall would be
the the cell membrane.