Transcript CELL REGULATION DURING CELL DIVISION (use diagram 10-7)

Cell Regulation and Chapter 10
Whiteboard Review
Section 10-3 Cell Regulation, Cell
Cycle, Mitosis
CELL REGULATION DURING CELL DIVISION
(use diagram 10-7)
Petri dish with
cells growing
on agar
2 generations
After a
certain
time
period…24
hours,
depending
on the cell
type
After a
certain time
period…24
hours,
depending
on the cell
type
CELL REGULATION DURING CELL DIVISION
(use diagram 10-7)
2 generations
After a
certain
time
period…24
hours,
depending
on the cell
type
After a
certain time
period…24
hours,
depending
on the cell
type
Remove a
strip of
cells from
the middle
CELL REGULATION DURING CELL DIVISION
(use diagram 10-7)
Remove a
strip of
cells from
the middle
Cells grow until they
touch another.
STOP growing after
because of contact
inhibition
CELL REGULATION DURING CELL DIVISION
(use diagram 10-7)
After a
certain time
period…24
hours,
depending
on the cell
type
Remove a
strip of
cells from
the middle
Cells grow until they
touch another.
STOP growing after
because of contact
inhibition
No contact
inhibition; no
external regulators
Cell Cycle Regulators - Internal
• Cyclin – a protein that regulates the
timing of the cell cycle in eukaryotic
cells.
• Different types of proteins regulate
cell cycle at different times in the cell
cycle.
Cell Cycle Regulators - External
• Proteins (again) responding to events
outside the cell.
• Growth factors – stimulate growth
and division of cells.
• Contact inhibition.
Whiteboards at the ready!
1. When during the cell cycle are
chromosomes visible?
a. Only during interphase
b. Only during G2 phase
c. Only during cell division
d. Only during the G1 phase
1. When during the cell cycle are
chromosomes visible?
a. Only during interphase
b. Only during G2 phase
c. Only during cell division
d. Only during the G1 phase
2. Which event occurs during
interphase?
a. The cytoplasm divides
b. DNA is replicated
c. Centromeres divide
d. The nucleus divides
2. Which event occurs during
interphase?
a. The cytoplasm divides
b. DNA is replicated
c. Centromeres divide
d. The nucleus divides
3. What role does the centrioles
play in mitosis?
a. Replicate DNA
b. Increase cell volume
c. Connect to spindle fibers
d. Dissolve nuclear envelope
3. What role does the centrioles
play in mitosis?
a. Replicate DNA
b. Increase cell volume
c. Connect to spindle fibers
d. Dissolve nuclear envelope
4. During normal mitotic cell division, a
parent cell that has four chromosomes
will produce two daughter cells, each
containing…
a. Two chromosomes.
b. Four chromosomes.
c. Eight chromosomes.
d. Sixteen chromosomes.
4. During normal mitotic cell division, a
parent cell that has four chromosomes
will produce two daughter cells, each
containing…
a. Two chromosomes.
b. Four chromosomes.
c. Eight chromosomes.
d. Sixteen chromosomes.
5. The rate at which wastes are
produced by a cell partially
depends on the cell’s
a. Ratio of surface area to volume
b. Type of membrane
c. Volume
d. Surface area
5. The rate at which wastes are
produced by a cell partially
depends on the cell’s
a. Ratio of surface area to volume
b. Type of membrane
c. Volume
d. Surface area
6. The rate at which materials
enter and exit the cell partially
depends on the cell’s _____
a. Surface area to volume ratio
b. Type of membrane
c. Volume
d. Surface area
6. The rate at which materials
enter and exit the cell partially
depends on the cell’s _____
a. Surface area to volume ratio
b. Type of membrane
c. Volume
d. Surface area
7. When during the cell cycle is a
cell’s DNA replicated?
a. G1 phase
b. G2 phase
c. S phase
d. M phase
7. When during the cell cycle is a
cell’s DNA replicated?
a. G1 phase
b. G2 phase
c. S phase
d. M phase
8. The structure labeled A is a…
a. Chromatid
b. Chromosome
c. Centromere
d. Centriole
8. The structure labeled A is a…
a. Chromatid
b. Chromosome
c. Centromere
d. Centriole
9. The structure labeled B is a…
a. Chromatid
b. Chromosome
c. Centromere
d. Centriole
9. The structure labeled B is a…
a. Chromatid
b. Chromosome
c. Centromere
d. Centriole
10. Which letter above represents
uncontrolled cell growth?
10. Which letter above represents
uncontrolled cell growth? A
11. What is the mass called that is
formed by uncontrollable cell growth?
11. What is the mass called that is
formed by uncontrollable cell growth?
tumor
12. How can you obtain a cell’s
ratio of surface area to volume?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Add
Subtract
Multiply
Divide
12. How can you obtain a cell’s
ratio of surface area to volume?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Add
Subtract
Multiply
Divide
13. If a cell’s surface area is 24 cm2
and its volume is 8 cm3, then what
is its ratio of surface area to
volume?
a.
b.
c.
d.
6:1
3:1
1:3
4:1
13. If a cell’s surface area is 24 cm2
and its volume is 8 cm3, then what
is its ratio of surface area to
volume?
a.
b.
c.
d.
6:1
3:1
1:3
4:1
14. As the cell grows in size, its
____ increases much more rapidly
than its ____
a. Surface area: volume
b. Volume: Surface area
14. As the cell grows in size, its
____ increases much more rapidly
than its ____
a. Surface area: volume
b. Volume: Surface area
15. What process is part of cell
division?
a.
b.
c.
d.
G1
G2
S
mitosis
15. What process is part of cell
division?
a.
b.
c.
d.
G1
G2
S
mitosis
16. What process is part of cell
division?
a.
b.
c.
d.
G1
G2
S
Cytokinesis
16. What process is part of cell
division?
a.
b.
c.
d.
G1
G2
S
Cytokinesis
17. So, in eukaryotic cells, what are
the two main stages of cell
division?
17. So, in eukaryotic cells, what are
the two main stages of cell
division?
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
18. Mitosis means _____ division.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Cytoplasm
Cell
Nuclear
Cell membrane
18. Mitosis means _____ division.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Cytoplasm
Cell
Nuclear
Cell membrane
19. Cytokinesis means _____
division.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Cytoplasm
Nuclear
Chromosome
Chromatid
19. Cytokinesis means _____
division.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Cytoplasm
Nuclear
Chromosome
Chromatid
20. What is the first phase of
mitosis called?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Metaphase
Anaphase
Prophase
Telophase
20. List the steps of mitosis in
order.
20. List the steps of mitosis in
order.
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
21. What are the three phases that
make up interphase, in order?
21. What are the three phases that
make up interphase, in order?
G1
S
G2
22. What happens during G1
phase?
22. What happens during G1
phase?
The cell grows in size.
23. What happens during G2
phase?
23. What happens during G2
phase?
Cell grows in preparation for mitosis
(cell division). More organelles
created.
24. What happens during S phase?
24. What happens during S phase?
DNA is replicated/copied.
25. What are the two tiny
structures located in the cytoplasm
near the nuclear envelope at the
beginning of prophase?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Chromosomes
Chromatin
Centrioles
Chromatids
25. What are the two tiny
structures located in the cytoplasm
near the nuclear envelope at the
beginning of prophase?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Chromosomes
Chromatin
Centrioles
Chromatids
26. What does the spindle do
during mitosis?
26. What does the spindle do
during mitosis?
Attaches the centromere of each
chromosome to the centrioles
positioned at each pole of the cell.
27. The chromosomes move until
they form two groups near the
poles of the spindle in what phase?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
27. The chromosomes move until
they form two groups near the
poles of the spindle in what phase?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
28. The chromosomes become
visible. The centrioles take up
positions on opposite sides of the
nucleus in what phase?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
28. The chromosomes become
visible. The centrioles take up
positions on opposite sides of the
nucleus in what phase?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
29. A nuclear envelope re-forms
around each cluster of
chromosomes. The nucleolus
becomes visible in each daughter
nucleus in what phase?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
29. A nuclear envelope re-forms
around each cluster of
chromosomes. The nucleolus
becomes visible in each daughter
nucleus in what phase?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
30. The chromosomes line up
across the center of the cell during
what phase?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
30. The chromosomes line up
across the center of the cell during
what phase?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
31. What forms midway between
the divided nucleus during
cytokinesis in plant cells?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Cell wall
Cell plate
Cell membrane
Cell umbrella
31. What forms midway between
the divided nucleus during
cytokinesis in plant cells?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Cell wall
Cell plate
Cell membrane
Cell umbrella
32. Why is doing drugs so harmful
to brain cells?
32. Why is doing drugs so harmful
to brain cells?
Brain cells do not divide to create
more brain cells. No mitosis.
33. Which types of cells below do
not go through the cell cycle and
produce daughter cells?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Liver cells
Starfish cells
Skin cells
Spinal cord cells
33. Which types of cells below do
not go through the cell cycle and
produce daughter cells?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Liver cells
Starfish cells
Skin cells
Spinal cord cells